Rabbit Werder
| Rabbit Werder | ||
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| Waters | schweriner Lake | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 37 '8 " N , 11 ° 28' 7" E | |
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| length | 1.09 km | |
| width | 620 m | |
| surface | 37 ha | |
| Highest elevation |
Jesarberg 55 m |
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| Residents | uninhabited | |
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Rabbitwerder is a 0.37 km² inland lake island in the southern Inner Lake of Schwerin .
The island was formed during the Vistula Ice Age 20,000 years ago and, together with its southeastern neighboring island of Ziegelwerder , is part of a ridge that is largely under water. It is a terminal moraine fork from the Frankfurt Ice Age stage. The land area has a maximum north-south extension of about 1090 meters and a west-east extension of about 620 meters. The highest point is about 55.6 meters above sea level. NN and thus about 18 meters above the lake level high Jesarberg . The island was created by pouring meltwater sands. It is made up of loose sediments such as boulder clay , sand and clay, and there was a slight peat formation. Small beach walls have formed on the east bank, while the north and west banks are endangered by wave erosion and small cliffs have formed.
The island has been part of the Rabbitwerder and Großer Stein nature reserve since 1935, and has been part of the European bird sanctuary in the Schweriner Innensee and Ziegelaußensee nature reserve since 2005.
history
Prehistoric finds indicate a very early, but not continuous, settlement of the island by fishermen and hunters since the Neolithic Age . When the lake reached a water level at about today's level in the Bronze Age , the settlers left the island; no traces of settlement were detected for the following 3000 years. The island passed from the possession of the Obotriten princes with the establishment of the county Schwerin in the possession of Heinrich the lion . The first documented mention under the name Kaninekenwerder in a division contract between the dukes Albrecht and Johann von Mecklenburg comes from the year 1407. It is assumed that the name came about when rabbits were released on the island. The word Werder stands for an elevation or island.
In 1561 a brick factory was built that was not operated continuously and was finally demolished in 1853 after production had ceased in 1851. For the production of the bricks, deposits of basin silts were mined . During the Seven Years' War , General von Zülow and his troops from Mecklenburg withdrew to the island of Rabbitwerder in 1759 in order to avoid forced recruitment by Prussian troops led by Major General von Kleist , who simultaneously occupied the city without resistance. Carl Christian Molchin set up the first ferry connections to Rabbitwerder in 1852. In 1870, French prisoners of war were housed in tents on the island, making it a popular destination for women of higher educated classes, who marveled at and looked after the prisoners. This, as well as the conversation with the French in their national language, met with little approval from the patriots and the magistrate. In 1874 an inn was built. On May 28, 1895, the observation tower designed by the Schwerin building director Gustav Hamann opened on the Jesarberg , from which one has since then had a view of the Schwerin lake and the skyline of Schwerin. Rabbitwerder belonged to the ducal household until 1918 and then to the office of Schwerin. After the Second World War , the island was included in the planning of a folk culture park to be built in 1949 , which was only partially implemented due to a lack of money. In the 1970s and 80s more than 20,000 visitors were counted on the island annually, numbers that were no longer achieved after the fall of the Wall. However, there was always a ferry connection through the White Fleet in the summer months. There are plans for a permanent gastronomic offer, there is only one snack bar. Since July 2007 it has been possible to climb the 21.5 m high observation tower again. Natural history exhibitions take place on its mezzanine.
Flora and fauna
Due to the brickworks' need for wood, the island was largely free of trees between 1571 and 1831. In the 19th century Rabbitwerder was reforested by the Schwerin court gardener Theodor Klett . 60 non-native woody species were planted. It was then used as a forest pasture . Today the island is predominantly forested with alders . Due to the breeding and retreat area of many animal species, Rabbitwerder was placed under nature protection as early as 1935 and is currently part of the 52.9 hectare Rabbitwerder and Großer Stein nature reserve . The so-called 7.4 m³ large stone is located about one kilometer northwest of the island. Agriculture was practiced until 1980.
In its history, the Schweriner See had both higher and lower water levels than today. The lowering of the water level resulted in the formation of lake terraces overgrown with ash trees and silting areas on which damp alder forests spread and fens formed.
Investigations of the flora on the island revealed 269 species, 18 of which are on the Red List . The forest cover is still quite young and, with the exception of the port area and the hiking trails, is no longer used for forestry purposes. Wild boar, fox, roe deer, beech marten, mink, 66 bird species and four bat species are found on rabbit Werder. Traces of otters have also been discovered. The attempt to reintroduce rabbits centuries ago was unsuccessful, but abandoned snails were able to persist.
reachability
The island is regularly called from May to September by ships of the White Fleet , which has a pier here. Rabbitwerder is also accessible to guides of pleasure boats through a harbor area. There are hiking trails and a nature trail with a total of 19 stations on the island.
Web links
- ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: information about the island on the website of the city of Schwerin (nature experience space) )
- More information about the island on the website of the city of Schwerin (nature conservation)
Individual evidence
- ↑ B. Kasten and J.-U. Rost: Schwerin. History of the city. , Schwerin 2005, p. 192; Details see in Wilhelm von Schultz: Meklenburg and the 7 Years War (First Part) (pp. 205-316 in year books of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology, Vol. 53 (1888)), page no longer available , search in web archives: pp. 275 ff . ( page no longer available , searching web archives ) Info: The link is automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (279/280 )
- ↑ Box / Rost, p. 195.
- ↑ Box / Rost, pp. 265–266.
- ↑ Source for tower height: data on the history of the island in Rabbitwerder info sheet No. 2 from June 2005, page 6
- ↑ MVWEB.de - Rabbitwerder and Großer Stein nature reserve ( Memento of the original dated November 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
