Naumburg feud
The Naumburg feud (also known as " Hay War ") was a feud between the Burggrafschaft Friedberg and the Grafschaft Hanau-Münzenberg in the years 1564 to 1569. The reason for the dispute was the drawing in of the hay tenth in the district of the Hanau cellars of Naumburg by the free court belonging to the Burggrafschaft Kaichen , which is why the Naumburg feud was also known as the hay war . The background to the feud was rather a dispute about the extent to which Hanau had acquired rights to the former Cyriacus monastery Naumburg a few years earlier , from which it had formed the Naumburg office.
prehistory
Starting position
The Naumburg Monastery in the Wetterau (first mentioned in 1035, today: Naumburg Castle ) was located on the border between the territory of the Kaichen Free Court and the Hanau Office of Windecken . Already in the pre-Reformation period there were disputes over property between the monastery and farmers of the free court, which led to the creation of the Naumburg Salbuch in 1514 . After the decline of monastery life and the Reformation, the monastery was acquired by Hanau in 1561 for 18,000 florins from the mother monastery Limburg an der Haardt . The lords and counts of Hanau had exercised the bailiwick over the monastery from time immemorial . Since 1354, the Hanau Counts Atz (food), storage and services in the monastery. In return, the monastery was entitled to legal and military protection and in times of war, the monastery documents were stored in a nearby Hanau castle, mostly in Windecken .
The Freigericht Kaichen had already finally come into the hands of the Friedberg burgraves in 1475. The burgraviate also sought to bring the monastery property under control, especially since the area of the monastery split the free court into two parts around the places Kaichen and Altenstadt . The burgraviate had unsuccessfully objected to the Hanau purchase of 1561.
Legal position
Whether the Naumburg Monastery was part of the territory of the Kaichen Free Court or the County of Hanau-Münzenberg was a matter of dispute between the two parties. This was mainly due to the fact that at that time a separation between property under civil law and state sovereignty under public law was not yet clearly possible, but rather only began to emerge at this time. In a wisdom from 1439 the monastery was considered to be part of the Kaichen Free Court. The Hanau purchase contract is preserved in the Hessian State Archives in Marburg and lists in great detail the monastery property that was acquired by the County of Hanau-Münzenberg: Naumburg house and monastery near Windecken with all and any sovereignty, courtyards, courts, tithe, forests, waters, vineyards , Fields, meadows, gardens, pastures, hunts, mills, grinding places, ponds, fisheries, also rents, interest, inclines, uses, income including the moving property, if any, including all the term, market rights and with all other superior rights and Justice, fittings and accessories ...
course
The burgraviate invoked their older tithe rights and in 1564 moved the tithing in the Heldenbergen district. In response, the Hanau government ordered that this be stopped if necessary by striking the bell , i. H. a storm was rung and all men of military age in the surrounding villages had to gather. In addition, two tithe guards were employed, but they were captured by Friedberg and locked in the tower. For its part, Hanau had the pastor from Heldenbergen imprisoned in Windecken as a supposed ringleader . After a few days, all three were released.
The following year, the Hanau farmers brought in the harvest under armed protection. But Friedberg proceeded similarly and simply harvested under the supervision of armed men in the district belonging to the Hanau Office of Windecken . On top of that, the protesting Hanau official cellar of the Naumburg Office was arrested. The guardians of the underage Count Philipp Ludwig I von Hanau-Münzenberg, who ruled in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg at that time, tried to take legal action: however, petitions to the Imperial Court of Justice were rejected. Meanwhile, the Hanau mayor von Windecken imprisoned some Friedberg citizens who were soon released. Further seizures of opposing property and arrests followed, the inhabitants of numerous villages got between the fronts and years of legal involvement accompanied this.
Friedberg sued the Hanau mayor von Windecken before the Kaichener Freigericht, which pronounced a death sentence against him. Of course, this could not be carried out because the mayor was outside the court's control. There was seldom open fighting, but there was a lot of friction. Only a settlement in 1569 ended the Naumburg feud.
consequences
The settlement of 1569 gave the county of Hanau-Münzenberg the undiminished possession of the Naumburg estates. The disputes subsided noticeably in the coming period. However, during the Thirty Years' War , Hanau was again disputed over the ownership of the Naumburg winery, this time due to the edict of restitution by the Seligenstadt monastery - despite the purchase contract of 1561. This illegal occupation only lasted until the imperial troops withdrew. After the Peace of Westphalia , the winery remained part of the County of Hanau-Münzenberg, but was pledged to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel for financial claims from the liberation of the Hanau Fortress in 1636 . This deposit was never redeemed.
literature
- HP Brodt: The Naumburg. In: Hanau city and country. A home book for school and home. Ed .: Hanau History Association . Hanau 1954., p. 338f.
- Michael Müller: The Naumburg and the Salbuch. In: published history book. Erbstädter history and stories from 775 years. Published by the “Geschter Geschichtsbuch” working group, Nidderau 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-037670-2 , pp. 52–67.
- Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau, city and country. Cultural history and chronicle of a Franconian-Wetterauischen city and former county with special consideration of the older time. Unchanged reprint of the increased edition from 1919. Hans Peters, Hanau 1978, ISBN 3-87627-243-2 , esp. Pp. 564-571.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Suzanne Beeh-Lustenberger: The illustrations of the Naumburger Saalbuch from 1514. In: Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 21, 1966, pp. 274–286 and tables.
- ^ Friedberger lawsuit before the Reich Chamber of Commerce: HStAM Order 255 No. F 54; Müller, p. 57f.
- ↑ Thomas Schilp: The Reichsburg Friedberg in the Middle Ages. Studies of their constitution, administration and politics. = Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter 31 = Dissertation Philipps University of Marburg . Bindernagel, Friedberg 1982, ISBN 3-87076-035-4 , p. 157.
- ↑ HStAM Order 81 A / 127/3
- ↑ Quoted from Brodt, pp. 338f.
- ↑ For the course see Zimmermann, pp. 564–571.
- ↑ Müller, p. 59f.