Navigation school (Flensburg)

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The Navigation School on Munketoft Street (2011)

The navigation school in Flensburg was built in 1876/77. The school building in question, which originally served as a navigation school, is now primarily used by the European University of Flensburg as the location of the "Institute for Management and Economic Education" (IIM). The building is now one of the city's cultural monuments .

history

prehistory

In the old sea trade town of Flensburg with its port , the knowledge required to navigate a ship was passed on to the less experienced seafarers of the ship's crew, some of whom consisted of criminals. Later the craft could be learned in parts with the help of books. In 1647, however, a state navigation school was built in Copenhagen. Since then, all seafarers who had been trained by captains in private lessons had to be examined there. Later, a nearby navigation school was set up in Tönning, where the seafarers could alternatively take their final exams. After the decline of the Knudsgilde and the Hanseatic League, Flensburg had risen to become the largest trading town under the Danish crown with around 200 ships. The desire for a school in Flensburg to train seafarers grew accordingly. There were many experienced captains and helmsmen in town who gave private lessons to seafarers during the winter months. They required knowledge of the rights and obligations on board a ship, the wind and weather, sea charts and maritime law and, ultimately, astronomical navigation with a sextant . Such a school had also existed on the island of Föhr since the end of the 18th century.

When the navigation school in Tönning closed in the middle of the 19th century, two teachers from the school moved to Flensburg in 1850. The teacher Michael Thobüll offered in Schiffbrücke 45 and the teacher Jan Hinrich Cannich offered 9 lessons in Neustadt . In 1853, Cannich and Thobüll set up the city's first proper navigation school in the garden house of the “Colosseum” restaurant on Grosse Strasse . From March 10, 1864, the navigation teacher Cannich was also allowed to take exams in the Duchy of Schleswig. But soon afterwards, on December 9, 1866, Cannich died, so that Thobüll took over the management of the school. In the same year the navigation school moved to a building in Schiffbrücke 244 (now 45). Due to the end of the Flensburg Greenland Trips and the new border conditions after the German-Danish War , the number of students decreased sharply.

The seal mark of the navigation school at that time

Establishment of the navigation school at Munketoft

Since 1876 Flensburg was part of the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein . In 1870 the private navigation school was taken over by the state. If in 1871 twelve students, ten of whom passed the senior helmsman's examination, attended the school, the number of students doubled in the following year. The growth obviously led to the planning of a new school building in 1874. In the period 1876/77, the city of Flensburg transferred the Munketoft property on the Großer Mühlenteich in the outskirts of Martinsberg to the tax authorities for the purpose of building a new navigation school . The building erected there initially had the address Munketoft 22, later apparently number 1 and nowadays it has the address number 3. The construction management was taken over by the architect Otto Fielitz , who studied at the Berlin Bauakademie . The appearance of the navigation school was marked by the Berlin brick architecture of the 19th century and shows similarities to a renaissance - Palazzo . The main facade of the two-storey red brick building was oriented to the south and received two magnificent, polygonal corner towers. In October 1877 the royal Prussian navigation school in Flensburg started teaching. The aforementioned navigation school is now considered to be the nucleus of the Flensburg University of Applied Sciences .

At the end of the 19th century, the newly emerging steam shipping needed technical personnel for their ships. In 1882, Flensburg shipowners, through the Chamber of Commerce, demanded that the Prussian Minister for Trade and Industry, Prince Otto von Bismarck, set up a public training institute for machinists. In 1886 the state technical college for machinists of sea steamers, the first school of its kind in Prussia, moved into a former rifle house at Flensburg's Schloßstraße 35 . Teaching began on October 1st of that year. The steadily growing collection of physical, mechanical and later also electrical devices was considered the most extensive of the Prussian technical schools. (The University of Applied Sciences keeps its teaching collection of apparatus that has been built up over decades to this day.) This second great ancestor of the University of Applied Sciences was connected to the Navigation School in September 1933, which was then given the new name "Technical State College for Ship Engineers and Maritime Engineers and Maritime School Flensburg". A second school in the city of Flensburg, which teaches extensive sea craftsmanship, was set up in 1910, namely the Mürwik Naval School , which trains officers for the German Navy . In 1946, the Flensburg University of Education , the forerunner of the European University of Flensburg, was founded in the building in Mürwik .

A wing extension was built on the east side of the navigation school in 1958/59 and a flat-roofed stacked storey was added in 1962, which significantly changed the appearance of the navigation school. In 1969, the training of the school's technicians and machinists was outsourced to the urban area of ​​vocational training. The school then received the status of a technical college . In 1975 the ground-breaking ceremony took place for the new building for the University of Applied Sciences on Sandberg . In 1979 she was able to move into the new buildings A and B. The nautical school area was later also completely relocated from Munketoft to Sandberg. Since the Flensburg University moved to the Sandberg, the nearby building complex of the navigation school has been used by the international institute for management and economic education as well as by the department for energy and environmental management. There is also a vocational training institute for work and technology.

literature

  • Torsten Haase and Stefan Lipsky: 125 years of seafaring training in Flensburg , Flensburg University of Applied Sciences 2011

Web links

Commons : Navigation School (Flensburg)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Lutz Wilde : Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 2, Flensburg, page 598.
  2. ↑ a b c d e 150 years of Flensburger Tageblatt: Navigation School: Where sailors learn their trade , Flensburger Tageblatt , February 21, 2015; Retrieved on August 3, 2018 or: 150 years of city history from a newspaper perspective , Flensburger Tageblatt, Kiel / Hamburg 2016, p. 23.
  3. ↑ With the consent of the government in Schleswig, the city of Flensburg leaves its property "Munkentoft" to the Fiscus. Tectonics: NV New administrative archive. II Committees and Board of Directors. Holdings: II E - Legal Affairs, from: 1876/77; accessed on August 4, 2018.
  4. ↑ Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Otto-Fielitz-Straße.
  5. ^ Flensburg Südstadt station area. Preparatory examinations according to §141 BauGB , p. 12, December 21, 2012 (PDF, 5 MB); accessed on August 5, 2018.
  6. ↑ The building obviously also shows similarities with the old Altona navigation school (cf. Altona seafaring school and navigation school (Hamburg) ); Picture example 1 , picture example 2 and picture example 3
  7. ↑ a b c d 150 years of Flensburger Tageblatt: The School of Machinists , Flensburger Tageblatt, March 15, 2015; Retrieved on: August 3, 2018 or: 150 years of city history from a newspaper perspective , Flensburger Tageblatt, Kiel / Hamburg 2016, p. 34 f.
  8. ↑ 1284 to 2009: Die Stadtchronik , Flensburger Tageblatt, January 1, 2009; accessed on August 4, 2018.
  9. ↑ The school called the seafaring school during this period was sometimes incorrectly called the seaman's school. See Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Otto-Fielitz-Straße; Lutz Wilde also claims in his book from 2001 that the Flensburg Maritime University of Applied Sciences is located in the building. See monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 2, Flensburg, page 598.

Coordinates: 54 ° 46 ′ 44.5 "  N , 9 ° 26 ′ 14.1"  E