Flensburg harbor

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The Stadtspeicher, built in 1923 by Paul Ziegler on Harniskai, is one of Flensburg's cultural monuments at the harbor (photo 2013)
Steamer Alexandra with the St. Jürgen Church on the east bank and part of the clearship building in the background (photo 2013)
Memorial stone for the Flensburg seamen who stayed on the world's oceans at the flood on January 6, 2012
The east bank of Flensburg seen from the west (winter 2015)
The west bank of Flensburg from the Hafenspitze (photo 2015)
West bank from above (photo 2017)
Overview of the east bank of the port, 2015
The port of Flensburg
The Flensburg shipyard (FSG) (2015)
The Hafenspitze with its free space, which is used for parties and events.

The Flensburger Hafen ( Danish Flensborg Havn , Low German Flensborger Haaben ) is located at the end of the Flensburg Fjord within the city of Flensburg . A distinction is made between the west side, the east side and the Hafenspitze.

The port extends in the west from the Hafenspitze to the Ostseebad . On the east bank, its dimensions were previously calculated as far as Kielseng . Since the withdrawal of the Bundeswehr, Sonwik and the neighboring boat harbor of the Mürwik Naval School have also been mentioned in this context. In addition, the development of the Flensburg city center , the development of Jürgensby and the Volkspark , which form the striking skyline of Flensburg, are located around the harbor . In addition to the port of Flensburg, there is also a sailing port at Fahrensodde on the east bank , which does not belong to the port in question.

history

The proximity to water was the economic reason for the establishment of Flensburg in the 12th century (see Johannisviertel ). For centuries, the port remained an important factor in the city's growth. In the Middle Ages, however, the port was located much further south, where the mill pond was also connected. However, silting up and landfills gradually led to the tip of the harbor shifting further and further north. Parts of the port were particularly secured by the Flensburg city fortifications . The company gate from this period still exists today . After the decline of the Knudsgilde and the Hanseatic League , Flensburg finally rose to become the largest trading town in the Danish domain with around 200 ships.

At the end of the 18th century, the Flensburg merchants took part in the West India trade . This resulted in the Flensburg rum tradition. In the 18th and 19th centuries, trips to Greenland were organized from the port of Flensburg to whale and seal seals. The port has also been used for tourism since the 19th century. The coffee dealer Friedrich Mommse Bruhn (1832–1909) set up a regular service that ran from the Flensburg harbor to various locations on the fjord.

The Flensburg-Mürwik base was built on the east bank since the beginning of the 20th century . During the Second World War , the port was bombed several times in the course of the air raids on Flensburg . Submarines were manufactured in the Flensburg shipyard and a submarine base was set up near Kielseng in the northeastern part of the port. At the end of the Second World War , the last Reich President, Karl Dönitz , left with the last Reich government in Flensburg - Mürwik . The port of Flensburg became the last free German port. Over 250 ships anchored in a row in the Flensburg Fjord, a large number of them in the actual port area of ​​Flensburg. On warships, merchant ships, tugs, barges, music steamers and all kinds of other ships, thousands of people from the eastern part of Prussia and Pomerania had fled to Flensburg (see population development of Flensburg ). There were concentration camp prisoners on other ships who had been deported to Flensburg by the SS . A large part of the east bank, including Kielseng, belonged to the so-called special area Mürwik , in which the Reich government was located until the arrest on May 23, 1945. The explosion in June 1945 , an ammunition explosion near Kielseng, caused considerable damage.

After the war, the port was used for tourist purposes again. The numerous new butter ships formed the so-called "White Fleet". Many of these ships were operated by the Förde Reederei Seetouristik (FRS). During the Cold War , the port in the north-eastern area near Mürwik was again used for military purposes. After the end of the Cold War, butter shipping was largely relocated to the east. The naval port was transformed into Marina Sonwik .

Nowadays, the port is still used for tourism, among other things. Some ships offer excursions during the season. Various harbor festivals enliven the harbor.

Legend of the death of Queen Margarethe in Flensburg Harbor (1412)

According to legend, Margarethe , queen of three kingdoms, is said to have instigated "all sorts of evil" and "great discord" in the country through her cunning. Flensburg had been conquered by the Holsteiners under the leadership of Erich Krummendiek from Schleswig , but he and his troops failed in the capture of Duburg Castle , so that King Erich and Queen Margarethe got the upper hand and the city had to be handed over to them. Queen Margarethe then had the mayor and councilors of Flensburg executed with wheel and sword and replaced, as they had rendered their enemies loyal service. It is also said that one of the unjustly convicted councilors, in his last moment, before his wheel was broken, asked the queen to answer him in three days before God's throne, the highest judge. So it was "by God's will at the end of her life that she did not have an inch of land to die on," because on the third day, when a terrible storm arose and her companion fled, her last refuge was in a Hanseatic one Ship found in Flensburg harbor. Only the skipper is said to have stayed with the Queen during this last hour, who had commanded Norway and Sweden over Denmark . Under lightning and thunder, abandoned and lonely, then their souls are different.

Queen Margarethe I is said to have actually died of the Pest ( Ruhr ) in the Flensburg harbor in 1412 . According to legend, however, it is described as cruel, which is, however, partly doubted. The legend apparently goes back to the representation in the chronicle of Presbyter Bremensis and the North Elbian Sassenchronik. In particular, the execution of the mayor and councilor with "sword and wheel", which has been handed down to us in 1411, is questioned but in some cases still assumed to have actually taken place. The well-known order of the mayors during this period obviously shows a gap in tradition. According to another legend, Queen Margarethe is said to have been buried on one of the two ox islands . Her sarcophagus, however, is in Roskilde Cathedral . Further legends about the Flensburg harbor are not known, only different ones about other areas of the Flensburg Fjord, for example the legend of Dr. Faust and his ferryman Nis , who plays not far away in Holnis.

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Panorama of the port near the city and the west bank of the city of Flensburg (2020)
Guest sailing port on the east bank

Areas and buildings

The Stadtwerke in Flensburg seen from the east bank of the port

On the west side of the port is the large historic port , where you can also find the steamship Alexandra , one of Flensburg's landmarks, and the Flensburg Maritime Museum . The Flensburg Museum Harbor , where the Flensburg Museum Shipyard is located, begins at its northern end . Along the western part of the harbor (consisting of the historical harbor, together with the museum harbor) leads the street Schiffbrücke , on which the Schiffbrückplatz (recently officially renamed: Willy-Brandt-Platz) is located. Further north are the company Flensburger Fahrzeugbau , the Galwikhafen , the Stadtwerke Flensburg and the Flensburg shipyard .

On the east side are the guest sailing port, the fishing port and the industrial port (with the Harniskai). The west bank and parts of the east bank are served by the Flensburg port railway. It is one of the few German port railways on the Baltic Sea .

Hafenspitze

At the tip of the harbor, Flensburg's mill stream flows into the fjord. On Angelburger Strasse , where the Hafenspitze was located in the Middle Ages, before the fjord silted up, silted up and filled up, was the Royal Watermill until the beginning of the 20th century. Today's Hafenspitze is protected from the surrounding traffic noise by the embankments of the port railway. The so-called canal shed stood there until the 1980s. Today the Hafenspitze is undeveloped and consists of a large open space that serves as a venue for various events. In summer, when the area is unoccupied, young people often play Frisbee or Viking chess there.

Guest sailing port / city port of Flensburg

Is a marina with around 168 berths near the Hafenspitze which is operated by im-jaich Wasserwelten.

Industrial port

In the 1870s the industrialization of the east bank of the harbor began, with the fortification of the bank, the laying of a track for the Flensburg harbor railway and the Hafendamm street . The actual industrial port ultimately emerged from the free port established in the 1920s . Due to the street names Am Industriehafen (named on January 28, 1961) and Industriekai (named on April 5, 1961), in the narrower sense, often only the port area on said streets is meant, which is also known as the old industrial port for more precise delimitation. In a broader sense, the entire commercial and industrial facilities, which are primarily located on the east bank of the port, are considered part of the Flensburg industrial port, i.e. all the silos ( i.e. the city storage facility , the Hübsch storage facility and the Ballastkai storage facility ) to which the Rails of the Flensburg port railway ran, the quays with the cranes for unloading the ship's goods, but also the storage areas of the building materials trader Jacob Cement at the harbor, as well as the yacht yard of Robbe & Berking ( Robbe & Berking Classics ) with the Robbe & Berking Yachting Heritage opened in 2016 Center .

Today, the Flensburger Hafen GmbH is responsible for the operation of the Flensburg harbor . The industrial port on the east bank is equipped with five cranes, including a Kampnagel full portal crane that is registered as a cultural monument in the Fruerlund district .

In 2005, 337,000 tons of coal were landed, which corresponded to 61% of the port's total handling volume. At that time, 12% of the total throughput was for feed, 11% for fertilizers and 9% for split. Outbound cargo handling consisted of 2079 t of grain and general cargo and 8568 t of feed.

In 2016, goods with a weight of 306,175 tons were handled in the port of Flensburg  (2015: 360,734 tons, 2014: 367,883 tons). The main part of the tonnage was again accounted for by coal (227,017 t; 2014: 239,000 t, 2013: 255,000 t) for the Stadtwerke power plant on the west bank. For sea freight traffic, only 79,158 t were handled at Harniskai in 2016 (2015: 106,768 t, 2014: 128,523 t, 2013: 142,600 t).

For a long time, the Flensburg town hall has been planning to build residential properties on the east side of the port, where a large part of the cargo handling takes place. This is justified by the lower turnover. In 2018/2019 the council decided to move the commercial port from the east bank to the west side.

Mooring for cruise ships

The Harniskai quay, which was created for industry, is also used at times by cruise ships to enable guests to visit the city of Flensburg. In 2005 the Bremen and Europe visited the Fördestadt for the first time ; Both cruise ships operated by Hapag-Lloyd Cruises GmbH .

Shipping lines

Only a few ships of the "White Fleet" have survived today:

  • The steamship Alexandra offers guest trips and charter tours on Sundays.
  • With the MS Flora II, there is now a small ship connection between the Flensburg inner harbor and Sonwik .
  • The Viking commutes back and forth between Flensburg and Glücksburg several times a day in the high season.

The Jürgensby , which used to offer butter trips, lay at the port for a long time due to fire damage until it was sold on to Poland.

Regular events

Various events and festivals are held at the port throughout the year, some of which are regular events:

  • Steam all around
  • Rum regatta
  • "Fish market": At the mostly well-attended fish market, various goods are offered by traders at the port. The fish that characterize the market is rather in short supply.
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Panorama from Flensburg Harbor (2017)

literature

Periodicals
  • Rainer Prüß (Ed.): Hafenblatt . ISSN  1610-2827 (twice a year magazine about the historic harbor in Flensburg).
Conveyance shipping
  • Gert Uwe Detlefsen: Flensburg shipping - from paddle steamer to refrigerated ship . Christians & Reim Verlag, 1983, ISBN 3-87950-073-8 .
  • Gert Uwe Detlefsen, Gerhard Moltsen, Alfred Schneider: From steam boats to catamarans . The history of Flensburger Fördeschiffahrt and all its subsidiaries. Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 2000, ISBN 3-89757-079-3 .
  • Andreas Westphalen: Flensburg Fördeschifffahrt . 1866-1975. An era and its relics. HM Hausschild, Bremen 2005, ISBN 3-89757-237-0 .

Web links

Commons : Flensburg harbor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paul Selk (Ed.): Flensburg anecdotes . 1st edition. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 1978, ISBN 3-88042-072-6 , 6th Winter Battle 1888 up'n Flensborger Haaben, p. 25–28 (with the collaboration of Renate Delfs ).
  2. ↑ See Falk map of Flensburg, 17th edition
  3. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! Flensburg 2009, article: Hafen
  4. ↑ 150 years of Flensburger Tageblatt: Navigation School: Where sailors learn their trade , Flensburger Tageblatt , February 21, 2015; Retrieved on August 3, 2018 or: 150 years of city history from a newspaper perspective , Flensburger Tageblatt, Kiel / Hamburg 2016, p. 23
  5. ↑ General-Anzeiger : End of the war in Flensburg. The aftermath on the fjord , May 6, 2015; accessed on May 21, 2018
  6. ↑ Owner of the Rundhof
  7. ^ A b Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (Hrsg.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, p. 283
  8. ↑ Gundula Hubrich-Messow: Legends and fairy tales from Flensburg , Husum 1992, pp. 40/41
  9. ^ A b Karl Müllenhoff : Legends, fairy tales and songs of the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg , Kiel 1845, number 32
  10. ^ A b Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! Flensburg 2009, article: Margrethe I.
  11. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, p. 297
  12. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, pp. 386/387
  13. ↑ Flensburg street names . Society for Flensburg City History, Flensburg 2005, ISBN 3-925856-50-1 , article: Margarethenstraße
  14. ^ Writings of the Society for Flensburg City History (ed.): Flensburg in history and present . Flensburg 1972, page 428
  15. ^ SH meerumschlungen, boat trip around the ox islands ( memento from November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ); Retrieved September 9, 2014
  16. ↑ This legend about the Ox Islands evidently originated in the 19th century when a grave was discovered on one of the two islands. Cf. Europese-Bibliotheek, Flensburg in old views, Volume 2 ; accessed on September 9, 2014; In general, however, it is not assumed. See for example: Danmarks Konger, Dronning Margrete I. , accessed on September 10, 2014
  17. ↑ http://www.im-jaich.de/heimathaefen-yachtservice/heimathaefen/flensburg/
  18. ↑ The marina is called both the city harbor and the guest sailing harbor. It has been listed as a guest sailing port on city maps published by Falk Verlag for many years. See Flensburger Tageblatt : Flensburger Hafenspitze: The Lord of the Berths , from July 26, 2014, accessed on May 14, 2016
  19. ^ Lutz Wilde: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume 2, Flensburg, p. 270.
  20. ↑ Eiko Wenzel, Henrik Gram: Zeitzeichen, Architektur in Flensburg, 2015, page 122
  21. ↑ Ostsee-Charter-Yacht, Industriehafen Flensburg , accessed on April 11, 2016
  22. ↑ See also: Duden, Industriehafen , accessed on April 11, 2016
  23. ↑ Old ports - new tasks. 2006, p. 94
  24. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Flensburg is losing cargo · The fall in handling in 2014 was almost eight percent . In: Daily port report of January 30, 2015, p. 3
  25. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! Flensburg 2009, article: Harniskai
  26. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! Flensburg 2009, article: Harniskai
  27. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Flensburg is losing cargo · The fall in handling in 2014 was almost eight percent . In: Daily port report of January 30, 2015, p. 3
  28. ↑ Peter Kleinort: Flensburg is losing massively · Cargo handling slumped by over 15 percent . In: Daily port report from January 16, 2017, p. 3
  29. ^ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Flensburg's politician for exit from the port . In: Daily port report of February 18, 2019, p. 2
  30. ↑ sh: z : Project Hafen-Ost: Flensburg council votes for relocation of the commercial port , from: February 21, 2019; accessed on: February 28, 2019
  31. ^ Andreas Oeding, Broder Schwensen, Michael Sturm: Flexikon. 725 aha experiences from Flensburg! Flensburg 2009, article: Harniskai
  32. ^ Flensburger Tageblatt : Flensburg: The support ships are ready to go , from April 10, 2012; accessed on May 21, 2018
  33. ↑ Flensburger Tageblatt : Model building day in the shipping museum: crowds flocked to the port , from March 9, 2015, accessed on March 9, 2015