Nethegau
| Nethegau | ||
|---|---|---|
| Historical center | Brakel | |
| location | North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| Gau im | Oberwälder Land | |
|
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The Nethegau (also called Netgau in some sources) is named after the Nethe river and essentially comprises the Brakeler Bergland between the Weser and Eggegebirge around the towns of Brakel and Bad Driburg in today's Höxter district in North Rhine-Westphalia and the northern part of today's Borgentreich urban area .
Geographical location
At different times the delimitation of the medieval districts was given differently, at times even attempts were made to work out fixed boundaries. Today, the approximate location is given, since places belonging to a Gau are only rarely and selectively emerged from the sources .
In 965 Bökendorf is mentioned in the form of the name "Bodincthorpe" as lying in the Nethegau and around 1400 Willebadessen is referred to as being in the court "in the Vestene videlicet in pago Netago" (in today's German: "in the judicial district, namely in the Gau Nethegau") .
Together with information on neighboring districts and landscapes, the following picture emerges: The Nethegau borders the Eggegebirge in the west, the Wetigau in the north, the Hessengau in the south and the Augau around the Weser in the east . As already stated, it extends around the Nethe river .
Natural structure
According to the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , the Nethegau is in the main unit group D36 Weser- and Weser-Leine-Bergland (Lower Saxony highland) , to which the old main unit groups 36 Upper Weserbergland and 37 Weser-Leine-Bergland , in which the Nethegau has a share, and 53 Lower Weser Uplands were combined. Here are to be mentioned:
- the main unit 361 Oberwälder Land , on whose natural areas 361.00 Nieheim-Brakeler Bergland , 361.01 Fürstenauer Berge and 361.02 Bever-Diemel-Kalkbergland the main part of the Gaus extends.
- the main unit 360 Warburger Börde , whose subunit 360.0 Große Börde , formerly classified as 361.1 Borgentreich Land , which Gau has a share in the south.
- the main unit 363 Egge area , on whose subunit 362.2 Eastern Egge Foreland parts of the Gau extend in the west.
The most important body of water is the Nethe with its tributaries.
Nethegau and the county constitution
With regard to this topic, it must be taken into account that it is controversial whether the Franconian county constitution in Saxony, which was conquered by Charlemagne, was consistently introduced with the area according to demarcated county districts, or until when it existed there and whether the counties corresponded to the scenic crooks. What is certain is that the counties were interspersed with immunity , palatinate , forest and allodial districts as well as brands in which the violence of the counts did not apply. Individual groups of people were also excluded.
The following are mentioned as counts in Nethegau:
- 940 Dendus and Hampo
- 965 Ludolf (Vogt)
- 1021 Dodico
- 1033 Hermann
In the course of time, the rule over the area passed to the Principality of Paderborn and in parts also to the Principality of Corvey .
The Nethegau in literature
The poem Dreizehnlinden by Friedrich Wilhelm Weber can be found there as well as the Die Judenbuche by Annette von Droste-Hülshoff .
In the first part of his epic, Weber sings about a hike through the Nethegau:
From the Nethegau
It is wonderful
to reach for the walking stick in spring days and to wander through
God's garden with
the bouquet of flowers on your hat
.
Above are the white clouds,
below are the blue brooks, the
forest and meadows are
beautifully dressed in new clothes
. ...
literature
- Hermann Bannasch: The Diocese of Paderborn under the Bishops Rethar and Meinwerk, Altertumsverein, Paderborn 1972.
- Giefers, Wilhelm Engelbert: The Nethegau. A historical-topographical treatise Westfälische Zeitschrift Volume 5, 1842
- Ludwig Maasjost: The Brakeler Bergland - The Nethegau . 2nd improved edition, edited by Lothar Hamelmann. Landscape guide of the Westphalian Heimatbund, issue 6, Aschendorf Verlag, Münster 1981, ISBN 3-402-06342-5
- Diether Pöppel: The Paderborn Monastery - Origin and Development of State Sovereignty , Paderborn 1996.
- Gottholt Wagner: Comitate in the Diocese of Paderborn , WZ 103/104 1954, pp. 221–270.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the evidence is derived from the works listed under literature.
- ↑ Ludwig August Theodor Holscher: The older diocese of Paderborn, according to its borders, archdeaconates, districts and old courts. V. Archidiaconat Iburg (later Brakel). in: Westfälische Zeitschrift 40 1882, p. 84. Hermann Bannasch: The Diocese of Paderborn under the bishops Rethar and Meinwerk , Altertumsverein, Paderborn 1972, p. 75, 79. Otto I's document, No. 292 of June 8, 965.
- ↑ Map "GERMANY'S GAUE III. Saxony. Northern Thuringia, in: Karl Spruner, Theodor Menke: Hand Atlas for the History of the Middle Ages and Modern Times, 1880 .
- ^ Jürgen Hövermann : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 99 Göttingen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1963. → Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB), Sofie Meisel: Geographical survey of the country: The natural units on sheet 98 Detmold. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1959. → Online map (PDF; 5.4 MB)
- ↑ See e.g. BW Schlesinger: Comments on the problem of the Westphalian counties and free counties , in: Ders .: Contributions to the German constitutional history of the Middle Ages 2 , 1963. Hermann Bannasch: The Diocese of Paderborn under the Bishops Rethar and Meinwerk, Paderborn 1972, p. 55 f. Heinrich Boettger: Diöcesan and Gau borders of northern Germany between Oder, Main, across the Rhine, the North and Baltic Seas. Established walking from place to place. 4 volumes and map. Bookstore of the orphanage and others, Halle and others 1875–1876.
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Weber, Dreizehnlinden, Paderborn 1878.
- ↑ https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Westf%C3%A4lische_Zeitschrift/Inhalt#Band_1_.281838.29_bis_Band_5_.281842.29