Christian Ulrich Grupen

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Christian Ulrich Grupen, contemporary painting

Christian Ulrich Grupen (* 16th June 1692 in Hannover Harburg today (a suburb of Hamburg); † 10. May 1767 in Hannover ) was a German lawyer who as a historian , legal historian and author made his name. As mayor of the city of Hanover, during whose term of office the Seven Years' War fell, he was "the most important Hanover city leader in the 18th century" (city archivist Klaus Mlynek ). Among his best-known works are the Origines et Antiquitates Hannoverenses (with copperplate illustrations, published in Göttingen in 1740).

Life

In 1747 Christian Ulrich Grupen (left in the center of the picture) explained to the Hanover City Council the expansion of the city through the Aegidienneustadt ; Picture relief by Peter Schumacher as part of the historical frieze on the New Town Hall of Hanover

Christian Ulrich Grupen was the son of the bailiff (among others in Harburg), since 1713 Princely Waldeck Chamber Councilor Joachim G. Grupen. After attending school in Braunschweig, Christian Ulrich Grupen first studied law in Rostock in 1710/11, then at the University of Jena from 1712–1715 . Already there, Grupen recommended himself with his "ceremonial speech about the Hanoverian succession to the throne in Great Britain ... before the Hanoverian country children". Grupen personally presented the print edition with a dedication to Georg I in 1715 .

In 1715 Grupen settled in Hanover as a lawyer, became town syndicus in 1719 , and a member of the merchants' guild and mayor of Hanover in 1725 . In 1729 he was appointed to the royal council. From 1734 he was also a member of the ecclesiastical consistory as a consistorial councilor .

Grupen was the tenant of the Marienröder monastery courtyard from 1727 to 1749 .

mayor

During his tenure as mayor, which lasted from 1725 until his death in 1767, he implemented numerous reforms and building projects: Grupen reformed and modernized the poor and school system, fire extinguishing and medical services (construction of the Nikolaistift 1728-1730) as well as the brewing trade and reorganized the city ​​archive of Hanover .

Grupen reactivated forgotten privileges and prevented the Regiminalverordnung of December 29, 1739 issued by George II , a planned restriction of urban autonomy : Grupen sued the Higher Appeal Court in Celle and achieved that the (British) King's new constitutional order was not repealed, but was not actually applied either.

He had the Schnellen Graben renewed (1742–1745), the most expensive building in the city until then, the Heilig-Geist-Spital (1744–1747) and made the Schiffgraben (1747) passable again for peat navigation in the Altwarmbüchener Moor .

In 1757 the citizens experienced the occupation of Hanover by French troops in the Seven Years War.

City expansion

Hanover within the fortress ring around 1750, ramparts of the city fortifications and water subsequently colored

Grupen remained controversial in the city, as his plans for city expansion show. In order to counteract the beginning economic decline of the city as a result of the relocation of the court to London (1715) and the stagnation tendencies of the guilds , Grupen wanted to settle specialized craftsmen from outside on the outskirts. Therefore, in 1747/48 the mayor initiated the first city expansion since the Middle Ages:

Hanover around 1800 with the Aegidienneustadt on the bastion in the southeast

Grupen initiated the razing of the fortress ring around the Aegidientor for the construction of the Aegidienneustadt on the Süder-Bothfelder Bastion by Georg Friedrich Dinglinger . The complaints of the craftsmen from the old town against Grupen's authoritarian leadership led to the fact that a sovereign commission of inquiry was set up in August 1748. As a result, however, the review of his behavior had no consequences for groups.

However, hardly any foreign craftsmen settled in the Aegidienneustadt: of the 102 designated building sites, only 72 were occupied by 1756, the sites were given in particular to wealthy citizens of the old town, craftsmen, civil servants and nobles (e.g. the Charlotte Kestners family lived here ).

Traces in Hanover

  • The Grupenstrasse was named after the mayor from 1881 to 1950 as a section of the Karmaschstrasse between Leinstrasse and Osterstrasse. Since 1950, Grupenstrasse, located between Osterstrasse and Schmiedestrasse, has been Hanover's first pedestrian street.
  • On the northern upper floor of the New Town Hall , a relief shows groups with a plan of the Aegidienneustadt.
  • In front of Gneisenaustrasse 29 is the so-called Grupen-Wappenstein , a low boundary stone with a striding bird in the coat of arms, the initials CVG and the year 1730.
Grupens grave slab

Works

Grupen created, among other things, a register of the city's properties ( Corpus Bonorum , 1720ff.), A lending house regulation (1729), a mortgage regulation (1744) and a court regulation (1765).

The ZVDD, Central Directory of Digitized Prints , contains the following works:

  • Dissertatio de successione legitima augustissimae Hannoveranae Domus in Magnae Britanniae regna = From the legitimate Great Britain succession of the most illustrious house of Hanover. Meyer, Lemgo (1714?).
  • Christian Ulrich Grupen hands Georg I the print of his celebratory speech on the Hanoverian succession in Great Britain, given in front of the Hanoverian regional children at the University of Jena, 1715 : Inventory and duration title in the online finding aid of the Lower Saxony State Archives.
  • Observationes rervm et antiqvitatvm germanicarvm et romanarvm. Or, notes from the German and Roman rights and antiquities, with a preface and treatise, De lingva Hengisti, Hengist's tonge, as the old Saxon language which the Saxon prince Hengist brought into Britain with the Saxons. Part 1 , Verlag des Waysenhauses, Halle 1763, and Part 2 , Meyer, Lemgo 1766 (digital copies from Google books).
  • Treatise of those advocatis and those pactis of the advocates with their party and an appendix of those Proxenetis and their designations forbidden in Roman rights and imperial laws and tribunals, canzley and court orders. Meyer, Lemgo 1765.

After Grupes death, the Historical Association for Lower Saxony brought out a work by Grupens: Von dem hannöverschen Kirchenstaate In: Vaterländisches Archiv des Historisches Verein für Niedersachsen, born in 1837, at Herold and Wahlstab, Lüneburg 1838, pp. 48-133 digitized

Library

Grupen bequeathed his library to the Higher Appeal Court in Celle in 1743, whose legal successor, the Higher Regional Court of Celle, has kept it to this day as a private law foundation library . The more than 200 manuscripts were only described in a modern catalog in 2018. There are also around 60 incunabula in the inventory.

literature

Lexicon entries

Treatises

  • Oskar Ulrich : Christian Ulrich Grupen, Mayor of Hanover Old Town 1692–1767. A contribution to the history of the German urban system in the 18th century. Publication of the Association for the History of the City of Hanover. Geibel, Hanover 1913.
  • Dietrich H. Hoppenstedt : Christian Ulrich Grupen as a lawyer and legal historian. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter NF 25 (1970), pp. 1-96 (with references).
  • Johanna May: From the city government to bourgeois local politics. Lines of development of the Hanoverian city policy from 1699 to 1824. Publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen, Volume 198. Hahn, Hanover 2000, Chapter 3.1.g: Christian Ulrich Grupen - a thorough scholar and an authoritarian bourgeois person. Pp. 129-138.
  • Hiram Kümper with the assistance of Bernd Giesen: The medieval and modern manuscripts of the foundation library at the Higher Regional Court of Celle . Wiesbaden 2018, pp. 5–10

Brief mentions

  • Horst Kruse: Estates and Government - Antipodes? The Calenberg-Götting estates around 1715–1802. Sources and presentations on the history of Lower Saxony, Volume 121. Hahn, Hannover 2000, p. 240 f.

Web links

Commons : Christian Ulrich Grupen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Quotation from the City Lexicon Hannover .
  2. ↑ See the entry of Christian Ulrich Grupen's matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal
  3. ↑ Quotation and source: Lower Saxony State Archives , Main State Archives Hanover , German Chancellery in London , inventory “Hann. 92 ”, signature“ No. 136 ", running time 1715.
  4. ↑ Footnote of the editors to the essay by Grupens Von dem Kirchenstaate in the patriotic archive of the historical association for Lower Saxony, year 1837, by Herold and Wahlstab, Lüneburg 1838, p. 48 digitized
  5. ^ Klaus Mlynek: Grupen, Christian Ulrich. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon. P. 140.
  6. ↑ Kümper et al. 2018. See also http://fabian.sub.uni-goettingen.de/fabian?Bibliothek_Des_Oberlandesgerichts_-_Der_Grupenschen_Stiftung .
personal data
SURNAME Grupen, Christian Ulrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and author, Mayor of Hanover (1728–1767)
DATE OF BIRTH June 16, 1692
PLACE OF BIRTH Harburg , today Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH May 10, 1767
Place of death Hanover