New Annenkirchhof (Dresden)

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The new Annenkirchhof on a city map from 1828

The Annenfriedhof in the Wilsdruffer Vorstadt was a cemetery in Dresden that existed from 1712 to 1914. In contrast to the first Annenkirchhof , it was also called the new Annenkirchhof at the time. It was the second of four cemeteries in Dresden's Annengemeinde, which in addition to the Annenkirchhof (1st) also includes the Old (3rd) and New Annenfriedhof (4th).

history

Preserved graves of the new Annenkirchhof in the entrance area of ​​the Alter Annenfriedhof
AOK administration building in 2012, Sternplatz in the foreground

The Anne Cemetery was established in the wake of the expansion of Anne's Church , for the hitherto used as a cemetery Anne Kirchhof was partly built over. Since the churchyard was now too small, the Annenfriedhof was laid out on the Neue Gasse (later Josephinengasse, now Josephinenstrasse) at the Falkenhof at the instigation of the pastor of the Annenkirche Johann Christian Schwartz. The municipality had previously acquired the property for 840 thalers. The Annenfriedhof was at the end of Neue Gasse, not far from the Dresden paper mill . In the east it was bordered by Poliergasse and in the west by Weißeritzmühlgraben , as Johann Christian Hasche described the location of the cemetery as "close to the Weißeritz". From the beginning, the cemetery was surrounded by a wall that cost the community 1605 thalers.

Over the years, the Annenfriedhof was rebuilt until it was completely surrounded by residential buildings in 1831 at the latest. As a result of this, an application was made in 1831 to close the cemetery and to bury the dead from the community and Dresden's old town in the Trinity cemetery outside the city. The application met with sharp protests from the Annengemeinde and was rejected. The overcrowded Annenfriedhof was partially closed in 1854, especially since a new burial site had already been inaugurated in 1848 with the third cemetery of the Annenkirche parish . However, burials could still be carried out in the crypts of the Annenfriedhof if official approval was available. On February 11, 1867, the last burial took place in the Annenfriedhof.

From 1912 the area of ​​the cemetery was built over by the AOK administration building. In 1914, the Annenfriedhof was completely secularized, with some of the grave monuments being erected on the adjacent Sternplatz. Others came into the courtyard of the Kunstgewerbemuseum . Ornate wrought iron grids of the tombs were brought to the city ​​museum . A few grave monuments have been preserved that were erected in the Old Annenfriedhof.

Plant and graves

The Annenfriedhof had an area of ​​142.6 acres or 12 bushels . On the cemetery wall, candle arches and tombs were attached in irregular succession, some of which were still preserved in 1898. Cornelius Gurlitt described the remains of the crypt in the northern corner of the cemetery as “of very modest design: Tuscan sandstone pillars, over which a wooden beam supported the tiled roof. The openings were closed by wrought iron bars ”.

Chronicler Johann Christian Hasche wrote in 1781 that the cemetery "now has many beautiful monuments" or "many beautiful candle arches and epitaphs". In 1854 there were 37 tombs and 615 simple grave sites in the cemetery. Some of the tombstones came from the Frauenkirchhof , which was secularized in 1724 for the new building of the Frauenkirche . A funerary monument from the Renaissance period was preserved from them in 1903. Other tombstones of the cemetery that were preserved around 1900 reached back to the 18th century. Gurlitt differentiated stylistically between two grave forms:

“In the Rococo period a rock postament, sarcophagus-like substructure, obelisk with inscription cartouches, crowning with half gables, volutes, putti, etc. A. The whole thing as a plate, only worked on the front. […] In the time of Classicism, a square base, a canned column wreathed with medallions and garlands, on top of which a vase or urn, decorated with floral threads or cloths. "

- Cornelius Gurlitt, 1900

By 1900 numerous tombstones had fallen into disrepair and overturned. Among other things, the grave monument of Basilius Petritz and Johann Georg Nathusius was preserved at this time .

Personalities

A peculiarity of the cemetery was that the Scharf- and messageers of Dresden were buried on it. The personalities who found their final resting place in the Annenfriedhof include:

literature

  • The newer Annenfriedhof on Josephinengasse . In: Hans Joachim Kluge: Dresden's cemeteries and grave monuments in the time of the wars of freedom and romanticism . Baensch, Dresden 1937, p. 22. (= Eberhard Hempel (Hrsg.): Research by the Art History Institute of the Technical University of Dresden. Volume 1)
  • The Annenkirchhof . In: Cornelius Gurlitt: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the kingdom of things. 21-23 Issue: City of Dresden . Meinhold & Sons, Dresden 1903, pp. 183–194.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The cemeteries of the Annengemeinde . In: Franz Dibelius : The Dresden Annengemeinde . Teubner, Dresden 1878, p. 21.
  2. ^ A b Johann Christian Hasche : Complicated description of Dresden with all its external and internal peculiarities . Schwickert, Leipzig 1781, p. 705.
  3. ↑ a b c The cemeteries of the Annengemeinde . In: Franz Dibelius: The Dresden Annengemeinde . Teubner, Dresden 1878, p. 22.
  4. ↑ The newer Annenfriedhof on Josephinengasse . In: Hans Joachim Kluge: Dresden's cemeteries and grave monuments in the time of the wars of freedom and romanticism . Baensch, Dresden 1937, p. 22.
  5. ^ Saxon Engineers and Architects Association (ed.): The buildings, technical and industrial plants of Dresden . Meinhold, Dresden 1878, p. 155.
  6. ↑ a b The Annenkirchhof . In: Cornelius Gurlitt: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the kingdom of things. 21-23 Issue: City of Dresden . Meinhold & Sons, Dresden 1903, p. 183.
  7. ^ Johann Christian Hasche: Complicated description of Dresden with all its external and internal peculiarities . Schwickert, Leipzig 1781, p. 435.
  8. ^ Johann Christian Hasche: Complicated description of Dresden with all its external and internal peculiarities . Schwickert, Leipzig 1781, p. 507.

Coordinates: 51 ° 2 '46 "  N , 13 ° 43' 35"  E