Anne's Church (Dresden)

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Anne's Church

The Annenkirche , built in 1578 in the Wilsdruffer suburb, is the oldest suburban church in Dresden . The church was also the first new Protestant church in the city. Today's church made of Posta sandstone was built between 1764 and 1769 after the previous building was destroyed in the Seven Years War .

history

First Church of St. Anne (1578–1760)

The first Church of St. Anne in Dresden was built in 1578 and named after its founder, the Saxon Electress Anna ("Mother Anna", 1532–1585). The construction became necessary because there was no more space in the nearby St. Bartholomew Church . The altar was taken over by the Freiberg Nikolaikirche in 1598 .

The cemeteries were also overcrowded at this time, so that the Annenkirchhof was laid out around the church . In 1593 the associated rectory was built.

Due to the further growth of the community, an expansion of the church became necessary in 1618. The council relative Michael Schaffhirt , son of Hieronymus Schaffhirt, was entrusted with this . The bell tower erected in the process received its button on June 7, 1619 and on August 14, 1619 a ring consisting of four bells. On August 18th, the prayer hour could be rung for the first time. A century later, another enlargement was necessary, which took place from 1712 to 1718. The Neue Annenkirchhof was laid out in 1712 as a replacement for the smaller Annenkirchhof .

When the old Frauenkirche was demolished , its altar was moved to the Annenkirche in 1727; the altar that had existed until then was to be moved to the church in Plauen (near Dresden) , but this did not happen. The church was destroyed by Prussian troops in 1760 during the Seven Years' War, along with many houses in the Wilsdruffer suburb . The partially preserved altar was moved to the Matthäuskirche in Friedrichstadt, two kilometers away, by 1768 .

Second Church of St. Anne (since 1764/69)

After the end of the war, the council carpenter Johann George Schmidt , nephew and former employee of George Bähr during the construction of the Dreikönigskirche and Frauenkirche , created the design for today's appearance. The "second" Church of St. Anne was consecrated on October 8, 1769. Until then, the painter's hall on Ostra-Allee served the community as an interim church.

The floor plan of the Church of St. Anne is based on the shape of a rectangle with twelve pillars included. The altar came from the old cruciform church and was reconstructed into a pulpit altar. The arrangement of the stalls is similar to that of the Frauenkirche. This also makes the George Bähr school clear. Johann Christian Kayser built an organ in 1782/1783.

The 57 meter high classical tower, built in 1824, is based on a design by Gottlob Friedrich Thormeyer (1823), which ultimately made the church architecturally recognizable as a place of worship.

Between 1906 and 1909 the church was fundamentally rebuilt by Richard Schleinitz in order to meet the new fire protection guidelines for church construction, which were issued after the fire in the Kreuzkirche (1897). The entire interior, the roof structure and the western end of the nave were demolished and the nave was rebuilt in an oval shape. The altar from the old Kreuzkirche was moved to St. John's Church in Bad Schandau , where it is still located today. The interior of the Annenkirche was redesigned in the Art Nouveau style. For the first time, the church also received its own altar.

The roof of the church burned in the bombardments in February 1945 ; nevertheless, around 1000 people who had sought refuge there survived in it. The restoration after the Second World War was carried out until 1950 by the architect J. Arthur Bohlig , who had already been commissioned to "objectify" the church in 1939.

The tower dome of the Annenkirche was only put back on in the last year of the 5-year general renovation of the outer shell in 1997.

Between 2009 and 2011 the comprehensive renovation of the interior technology (heating system, sanitary area, electrical system, Jahn organ ) took place with funding from the European Regional Development Fund , after no investments had been made in this area for over 50 years. In 2011, the monument to Mother Anna , donated to mark the 100th anniversary, was restored at the north exit.

organ

Johannes Jahn built a new three manual organ with 50  stops as Opus 178 for the Dresden organ building company Julius Jahn & Sohn . It was played on it for the first time at the festive rededication on February 21, 1909. Jehmlich Orgelbau Dresden repaired the organ in 1950, which also resulted in extensive changes in the disposition in terms of organ movement. In the course of this, the original Echowerk (2nd swellwork ) was transformed into a Rückpositiv and attached to the gallery parapet. The instrument was first modified in 1936 (based on the ideas of Gerhard Paulick). Only a few changes were made to the original tonal substance, as the sound ideal of the past epoch was still partially adhered to at this time. only a few "clearings" were made in the disposition. After extensive restoration in 2009-2010, the organ was put back into use on May 29, 2011 with a concert.

Disposition in its current form:

I main work C – a 3
Principal 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
Dulciana 8th'
octave 4 ′
Pointed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 23
recorder 2 ′
Mixture V
Zimbel II
bassoon 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
III Rückpositiv C – a 3
Singing dumped 8th'
Quintatön 8th'
Principal flute 4 ′
Pommer 4 ′
octave 2 ′
Super-fifth 1 13
Sesquialtera II 1 35
Cymbal III – IV
shelf 8th'
Tremulant
II Oberwerk C – a 3
Quintatön 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Dumped 8th'
Dolce 8th'
octave 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Nasat 2 23
octave 2 ′
Third flute 1 35
Larigot 1 13
Schwiegel 1'
Sharp III – IV
Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Pedestal 32 ′
Principal bass 16 ′
Sub-bass 16 ′
Dolce 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Thought bass 8th'
Octave bass 4 ′
Italian principal 2 ′
Mixture bass V
trombone 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'

Peal

The bell consists of four bronze bells. The bell cage consists of an oak wood construction and was renovated in 1998. The following is an overview of the data of the bell:

No. Casting date Caster diameter Dimensions Chime
1 1998 A. Bachert bell foundry 1316 mm 1302 kg it
2 1922 Bell foundry B. Pietzelt 987 mm 600 kg G
3 1998 A. Bachert bell foundry 888 mm 448 kg
4th 1932 Bell foundry S. Schilling 735 mm 240 kg c´´

Anne cemeteries

The associated four Annenfriedhöfe are also named after the Annenkirche, of which the third ( Alter Annenfriedhof ) and the fourth ( Neuer Annenfriedhof ) are still preserved today.

literature

Web links

Commons : Annenkirche, Dresden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of the royal capital and residence city of Dresden. MBLindau, 1885, p. 347
  2. ^ City of Dresden, district development projects - project area Dresden West / Friedrichstadt, measure upgrading of the Annenkirche ( memento from April 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  3. Dark Baroque becomes bright Art Nouveau. On February 21, 1909, the Church of St. Anne was consecrated after renovation. Retrieved September 8, 2016
  4. ^ Organ database , accessed on September 18, 2017
  5. ^ Rainer Thümmel: Bells in Saxony; Evangelische Verlagsanstalt Leipzig: ISBN 978-3-374-02871-9 : p. 287
  6. ^ Rainer Thümmel: Bells in Saxony; Evangelische Verlagsanstalt Leipzig: ISBN 978-3-374-02871-9 : p. 287

Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 56 "  N , 13 ° 43 ′ 40"  E