Neustadt shipyards

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Frederic III

The first Neustadt shipyard in Neustadt in Holstein gained in importance for the Danish Navy in the 17th century when a large number of warships were built. In the 20th century, three smaller shipyards established themselves at Neustädter Hafen, which initially built wooden cargo sailing ships and later steel three- and four-masted schooners.

history

17th and 18th centuries

Sea battle between Sweden and Denmark off Fehmarn in October 1644
Model of the Trefoldigheden in the church in Sejerø

In 1638 Berens and Marselis founded a shipyard next to the hospital in Neustadt in Holstein, " Auf dem Holm ". The shipyard came to prominence on October 27, 1639 through an order from the Danish King Christian IV to build nine warships for the Danish Navy . Christian IV personally inspects his large flagship Trefoldighed  ( Trinity ), which was under construction in 1640, several times  . The large wood requirement for the construction of the ships, a medium-sized warship needed 4,000 full-grown oak trunks, could be covered by the wood-rich hinterland of Neustadt.

This development called the Swedish rulers, the potential enemies of the Danish crown, on the scene. During the Torstenson War from 1643 to 1645 , the Swedish troops attacked Neustadt in the spring of 1644 against the fierce resistance of the residents, occupied the city and destroyed the shipyard. The Swedes took an almost completed ship and a ship under construction as well as many thousands of stored ship planks and ropes as spoils of war and brought it to the city of Wismar, which was occupied by the Swedes . The almost finished ship was taken over into the Swedish fleet under the name Ørnen ( The Eagle ). In July of that year the Swedish troops were forced to leave Neustadt by the Danes.

The shipyard was then rebuilt and again built warships for the Danish crown under Friedrich III . In 1649 the Frederik , the main ship for the Danish fleet, was built with 86 to 100 cannons and 500 men.

In the city's church archives, the shipyard is still assigned the ships Charitas , Fides , Justitia (built by Berens and Marselis ), Otto von Nüßen and Patriarch Jacob . It is not known whether the two last-named ships were new builds or repairs.

In the 1660s Claus Reimers took over the shipbuilding and delivered more ships to Denmark until his death in 1671. For his services to the city, his name was engraved on the large brass chandelier in the city ​​church . His grave slab in the Hospital Church shows that he was only 51 years old.

In 1717 the last ship was delivered to the Danish Crown.

In addition to the new building, major repairs to the ships were carried out at the shipyard, which were usually necessary after 10 to 15 years of sailing. In particular, rotted ship planks were replaced. As a result, the ships were in service for up to 70 years.

The shipyard named after Claus Reimers is said to have existed until 1729.

Compilation of the shipbuildings of the Neustadt shipyard:

Surname Completion-disposal Displacement (t) Length (m) Cannons crew Ship price ( approx. ) annotation
From the shipyard in Berns u. Marselis built:
Santa Maria 1639-1657 6-12 13,500 Cargo ship / yawl
Variety Bjørn ( Black Bear ) 1640-1674 600 18th 100 20,000
Trefoldigheden ( Trinity ) 1642-1676 1,300 45 44-66 265-350 53,000 Currently the largest ship in Europe, renovated in 1657, last used in 1666, burned down in 1676.
Graa Ulv ( Gray Wolf ) 1642-1659 600 37 30-36 104-150 38,000 Captured by Sweden in 1659.
Pelicans ( pelican ) 1642-1658 600 37 34-36 110-150 38,000 Identical to Graa Ulv , captured by Sweden in 1658.
Charitas 1643-1657 30th
Fides 1615 / 1643-1644 400 28 120 Captured by Sweden in 1664 during the sea ​​battle off Fehmarn .
Lady Justice 1609 / 1643-1658 800 24-26 124-280
Ørnen ( eagle ) 1644 600 41 20th 120 Captured by Sweden from the shipyard in 1644 and built.
Røde ( Red Fox ) 1647-1652 40
Victoria 1647-1674 1,200 44 44-56 220-301 53,000
Frederik ( Friderich ) 1649-1671 1,700 50 86-100 434-527 70,000 Main ship of the Danish fleet, also known as the White Elephant .
Phoenix 1642-1659 600 36 26-32 98-150 Captured by Sweden in 1659.
Built by the Claus Reimers shipyard :
København 1663-1676 400 34-46 190 Built for the Salt Company , exploded in 1676.
Oldenborg 1663-1677 1,000 41 34-48 145 Gained to the East India Co. in 1673 , destroyed in 1677.
Tre Kroner 1666-1712 1,200 44 66-86 554 It caught fire in 1676, sunk in a sea battle in 1717.
Prince Christian ( Elephants ) 1667-1717 1,800 46 76-96 580 Sunk in a sea battle in 1717.
Håbet 1669-1678 46 32 Gained to the East India Co. in 1673 , destroyed in 1678.

20th and 21st centuries

In the 20th century there were still three shipyards in Neustadt.

The Tornoesche Werft built cargo sailing ships out of wood and was located at the end of the Werftstrasse on what used to be called the Predigerkoppel .

The Wagria shipyard was at the end of Werftstrasse and was managed by the brothers Hans and Gustav Klahn after the First World War. The shipyard built with the trades boat building , fittings , sailmaking , engine workshop and sawmill wooden and iron ships up to 1000 tons load capacity, like the Elbnixe with 342 GRT from 1922. The two steel four-masted schooners with auxiliary engine Flottbek and Lübek with 320 GRT each were the last Buildings that were delivered in 1927 by the successor company Neustädter Slip . The large shipyard was taken over by the Navy in 1937 and is still used by the German Navy today.

The Klahn shipyard in Untere Querstraße was managed by Klaus Klahn. On May 15, 1930 the wooden motorboat Neustadt was created. Son Heinz built three wooden fishing trawlers at the shipyard in 1947/48 and managed the shipyard until 1969. Today the parking lot is located next to the pagoda warehouse .

With the closure of the shipyard, the construction of new ships in Neustadt was completed. In Neustädter Hafen there are two ship chandlers ( Kunya Yachtwerft and ancora Marina ) who offer service and repair operations for the yachts located there.

Composition of the shipbuilding:

Surname Built / launched Type of ship / use Equipment / drive Dimensions 1. Owner / shipping company annotation
Built in 1920 - 1925 by the Wagria shipyard :
Elbe mermaid July 18, 1922 Three-masted schooner (blueprint from the ship) / cargo ship 2-cylinder auxiliary engine, 100 HP 342 GRT Krabbenhöft & Bock, Hamburg 1926 accident off the east coast of South America
Wagria 1922 Cruiser yacht
Surf launch 1922 Motor ship
Papua Nov. 1923 Oak gaff cover 4-cylinder Brons engine, 80 HP, electric lighting system 77 GRT, length over deck 23.2 m, width 5.4 m, draft 3.3 m H.-Rudolf Wahlen, Hamburg Use in the Moluccas archipelago
Blue Abel Motor ship
8 fishing trawlers Pomeranian type
Surf boats Two and three points
Built by the Neustädter Slip shipyard:
Flottbek 1927 Four-masted schooner / cargo ship Steel construction / auxiliary engine 320 GRT, length 40 m, width 7.9 m, draft 3.35 m Shipping company Barthold Richters , Hamburg Sept. 5, 1935, drowned with a load of wood on the journey from Danzig to Riga .
Lübeck 1927 Four-masted schooner / cargo ship Steel construction / auxiliary engine 320 GRT
Built 1930 - 1969 by the Klahn shipyard :
Neustadt May 15, 1930 motorboat Timber construction
3 fishing trawlers 1947/48 motorboat Timber construction

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Uwe Tychsen shipbuilding for the Danish Krone in Neustadt .
  2. ↑ a b c You are Neustadt: Neustädter Schiffswerften (with illustration of the four-masted schooner Lübeck ).
  3. ↑ You are Neustadt: 30 Years War
  4. ^ Center for Classic Yachting: Overview of the former shipyards
  5. ↑ Denmark-Norway - Ships 1600-1649
  6. ↑ Denmark-Norway - Ships 1650-1699 (over 40 guns)
  7. ↑ Port plan - S14 / 2 - Neustadt
  8. ↑ Thomas Schwarz: [1] (with images of various ships from the Neustädter Werften), accessed on May 10, 2019.
  9. ^ Blueprint of the ship , German Maritime Museum , Bremerhaven .
  10. ↑ SV Flottbek (+1935) , site wreck.
  11. ^ Sailing Vessels 1935-36 , Lloyd's Register .