Nicholas Hawksmoor
Nicholas Hawksmoor (* 1661 probably in East Drayton , Nottinghamshire , † 25. March 1736 in London ) was an English architect of the Baroque . After John Vanbrugh, he is considered the greatest individualist of this era.
biography
Nicholas Hawksmoor was born into a farming family in Nottinghamshire. At the age of 18 he worked as a collaborator for Sir Christopher Wren , including building Greenwich Hospital . After Wren's death in 1690, it was taken over by John Vanbrugh, with whom he built Castle Howard and Blenheim Palace together . After Vanbrugh fell out with his widow Sarah Churchill after the death of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough because of the construction costs, it was Nicholas Hawksmoor who supervised the construction of Blenheim Palace. How much Hawksmoor contributed to the work of Wren and Vanbrugh can no longer be determined today.
In 1702, Hawksmoor became self-employed as an architect and combined classic elements of the baroque, ideas from his teacher Vanbrugh and specifications from Roman antiquity and Gothic in his work . His first own building was Easton Neston in Northamptonshire . It is a solid rectangular building surrounded by columns.
In 1711 Hawksmoor was appointed by the British Parliament as the lead architect for the construction of 50 new churches in London , six of which he designed himself. These included St. Anne's in Limehouse (1712–1724), St. Mary Woolnoth ( 1716–1727), Christchurch in Spitalfields (1723–1739, his greatest work) and St. George in Bloomsbury . He also designed the Clarendon Building and the courtyard and dining room of All Souls College in Oxford and the west towers of Westminster Abbey , both in neo-Gothic style . The mausoleum of Castle Howard , on the other hand, is very much influenced by Roman architecture.
literature
- Mohsen Mostafavi, Hélène Binet: Nicholas Hawksmoor London Churches, Lars Müller Publishers, Zurich 2015, ISBN 978-3-03778-349-8
- Pevsner, Honor, Fleming: Lexikon der Weltarchitektur , Prestel-Verlag Munich 1992
Web links
- Literature by and about Nicholas Hawksmoor in the catalog of the German National Library
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hawksmoor, Nicholas |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English baroque architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1661 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | uncertain: East Drayton , Nottinghamshire |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 25, 1736 |
| Place of death | London |