Nikola Jurišić

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Nikola Baron Jurišić (1490–1545)
Statue of Nikola Jurisic in Senj , Croatia

Nikola Jurišić also Hungarian Miklós Jurisics (* 1490 in Senj ; † 1545 in Kőszeg ) was a Croatian diplomat and general of the Roman-German King Ferdinand I and defender of the Hungarian city of Kőszeg.

Diplomat and general

place of birth

Nikola Baron Jurišić was born in 1490 in the Croatian coastal town of Senj , which is part of today's Lika-Senj County . His diplomatic-military career began with the appointment of the Roman-German King Ferdinand I.

commander

Nikola Jurišić achieved his military fame through the defense of the Hungarian city of Kőszeg in 1532, which initially stopped the military advance of Sultan Suleyman I's Ottoman army towards Vienna . After the Ottoman army had besieged the city of Vienna in the course of the Turkish wars in 1529 in the first Turkish siege and the peace negotiations that took place later remained unsuccessful, the Ottoman army under its grand vizier Pargalı Damat İbrahim Pascha again moved to Vienna to conquer the imperial city .

Siege of Kőszeg

Before the siege of Kőszeg , the order was issued to Nikola Jurišić to go to Vienna with his twenty-eight light and ten heavily armed cavalry to join the main imperial army. The siege of Kőszeg began on August 5th, 1532. When Jurišić saw the fear of the population who took refuge in the castle complex of Kőszeg, he sent a letter to King Ferdinand I explaining his motives for defense:

“I dared to defend this small and weak city from the Turkish power, not because I hope that I will save it, but that I will occupy the enemy for a while and thus give the Christian rulers time to stand up for the Arming defense. That is the only reason I have exposed myself to the greatest mortal danger and hardship. "

During the first three days of the siege, the Ottoman army used gunfire incessantly, only to begin storming on August 13, 1532. After the twelfth repulsed Ottoman attempt at conquest, on August 28, 1532, General Jurišić wrote again to Ferdinand I:

“Of our seven hundred compatriots, half have already perished; I still have a hundred of the gunpowder I bought for 300 forints in stock. May Divine grace protect us; be merciful to my soul. "

After the twelfth failed attempt at conquest, the Turkish lord tried, through their intermediaries, to persuade the townspeople to surrender Kőszeg peacefully. Jurišić responded to the offer with audacity and cynicism, which drove Suleyman I to white heat. With the thirteenth attempt to storm the city lost another sixty defenders, Nikola Jurišić was wounded. Nevertheless, Jurišić and his remaining defenders decided to advance out of the castle fortress. This courage frightened the Turkish army so much that they began to flee. Jurišić wrote to Ferdinand I:

“My gunpowder was almost running out; what remained of my people alive, they lost their will, I could not have defended myself for an hour. "

On August 30, 1532, Suleyman I withdrew with his army, emphasizing that he had generously wanted to leave the city of Kőszeg to Jurišić.

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personal data
SURNAME Jurišić, Nikola
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jurisics, Miklós (Hungarian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Croatian-Hungarian general and defender of Kőszeg
DATE OF BIRTH 1490
PLACE OF BIRTH Senj
DATE OF DEATH 1545
Place of death Kőszeg