Nikolai Fyodorovich Kjung

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Nikolai Fyodorowitsch Kjung ( Russian: Николай Фёдорович Кюнг ; born August 9, 1917 in Sofino , Smolensk Governorate ; † February 2, 2008 in Shcherbinka ) was a Soviet teacher and prisoner in the Buchenwald concentration camp , resistance fighter against the National Socialist Committee and member of the Soviet War Committee .

Life

Kjung was born as the son of the Swiss immigrant Friedrich Ferdinand Küng ( Russian Федор Иванович Кюнг ; Fyodor Ivanovich Kjung) and his Russian wife Efrosinja Timofejewa. After finishing school , he trained to work as a teacher. He worked in a school in the country. Kjung became a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). In the early 1940s he joined the Red Army and after completing his training became a platoon leader in the Brest Fortress . Here he should train artillerymen . After the attack of Nazi Germany on the USSR , he fought in an artillery unit as a political officer . On October 5, 1941, he was wounded and taken prisoner by Germany . At the end of October 1941 he was transferred to the Zeithain prisoner of war camp No. 304 (N). As of spring 1942, he was in Belgium forced labor in the coal mining afford. On September 17, 1943, he was sent to Buchenwald concentration camp after refusing to change sides and fight in the Vlasov Army . In Buchenwald he headed the defense organization of the Soviet prisoners and was their security officer in the International Camp Committee . Even an illegal “newspaper” appeared under his editorial team.

When the Nazi rule was eliminated, he returned to the Soviet Union in July 1945 and found his wife and family in the Vyazma area . During this time he worked as a teacher for orphans of the war. On March 11, 1949, he was picked up by the NKVD in the Lubyanka and imprisoned for a total of 14 months and subjected to numerous interrogations in order to extract the admission that he had acted as a “traitor” on the German side. He steadfastly refused. He later volunteered on the War Veterans Committee.

The museum, located in School No. 4 in Shcherbinka , which Kjung had directed until 1962, has been named after him since May 12, 2011.

literature

  • Author collective: Buchenwald. Reminder and obligation. Documents and reports. Berlin 1983.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The hard fate of Nikolaj Kjung . Retrieved June 14, 2011
  2. ^ Emil Carlebach, Willy Schmidt, Ulrich Schneider (eds.): Buchenwald a concentration camp. Reports - pictures - documents. Bonn 2000, ISBN 3-89144-271-8 , p. 119.
  3. ↑ Author collective: Buchenwald. Reminder and obligation . Documents and reports, Berlin 1983, p. 434.
personal data
SURNAME Kjung, Nikolai Fyodorovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Кюнг, Николай Фёдорович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet teacher and political officer
DATE OF BIRTH August 9, 1917
PLACE OF BIRTH Sofino , Smolensk Governorate
DATE OF DEATH February 2, 2008
Place of death Shcherbinka