Nikolai Pavlovich Chaplin

Nikolai Pavlovich Chaplin ( Russian Николай Павлович Чаплин ; born December 6, ^jul. / 19th December 1902 ^greg. In Rognedino (then Ujesd Roslavl, Government Smolensk , today Oblast Bryansk ) .; † 23. September 1938 in Moscow ) was a leading figure of Communist youth movement of the USSR and member of the KPR (B) since 1919 as well as a Soviet party functionary. He was arrested on June 29, 1937 and executed by the NKVD in September 1938.

family

Chaplin, son of the then priest Pavel Pavlovich Chaplin and his wife, the village school teacher Vera Ivanovna, the village Mignowitschi (1906), the Alexandrow- attended grammar school no. 1 in Smolensk, where in 1912, older students, including his brother Alexander, illegal circles formed had. Of Nikolai's brothers Alexander, Sergei and Viktor, only the oldest, Alexander, and the youngest, Viktor, survived the Stalinist purges .

Chaplin was married to Rosalia Isaakovna Lipskaya. His son Boris Nikolajewitsch Tschaplin (1931-2015) was Ambassador to Vietnam from 1974 to 1986 , then Consul General in Shanghai and finally Deputy Foreign Minister. Michail Kusmitsch Ryklin , who wrote about the fate of Chaplin and his brothers, is a grandson of his brother Sergei Tschaplin and thus his great-nephew.

activity

In the Komsomol

"At the age of seventeen Nikolai joined the KPR (B) and became one of the founders of the Komsomol." In 1920 he was sent by the Central Committee of the Komsomol to Tyumen in Siberia to mobilize the youth for the front in the civil war, to fight the kulaks and to get the economy going again. In 1924 Tschaplin was secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee for Ideology. From 1924 to 1928, Chaplin was in regular contact with Stalin , who gave him orders; He had personal relationships with Lenin's widow Krupskaya , Kirov and Ordzonikidze . In 1925, at the XIV Party Congress, he accused Zinoviev of bringing differences of opinion from the Politburo to the youth movement.

As a party official

After a trip on which Tschaplin - incognito, as an auxiliary heater - visited the most important European seaports in order to get an idea of Western and Southern Europe, he attended courses in Marxism-Leninism. In 1930 he was appointed second secretary of the WKP (B) Transcaucasus Regional Committee. When Stalin's first secretary, Bessarion Lominadze, and Komsomol leader Schatzkin were deposed, Stalin's anger also hit many middle-level leaders, including Chaplin, which ended his political career. At the Tenth Congress of the Komsomol in 1931, its new leader, Alexander Kosarev, accused Chaplin of having "favored the activities of the bloc of the left and right-wing deviants."

After that

Back in Moscow in 1931, Chaplin became head of the People's Nutrition Department at the Zentrosojus . In 1933 he was transferred and head of the political department of the Murman Railway , and finally in 1937 head of the Southeast Railway .

After the assassination of Kirov on December 1, 1934, "repression of unprecedented force broke out in Leningrad, which historians have dubbed the" Kirov River "." This led to the Stalinist purges , including Nikolai Chaplin on June 29, 1937 Lasar Moissejewitsch Kaganowitsch was arrested in the office of the People's Commissar for Transport . He was accused of opportunistic carelessness as a leader of the pest activity on the Murman Railway, of supporting the bloc of right-wing and left-wing deviants and of organizing a terrorist group on the Murman Railway with the aim of murdering Kaganovich. He was later accused of planning to replace Stalin as General Secretary with Jan Ernestowitsch Rudsutak . On September 23, 1938, Nikolai Tschaplin was executed.

literature

TO Moskvičev / JD Sokolov: Nikolaj Čaplin . Tula 1969.
Mikhail Ryklin: Life thrown into the fire - The generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-518-42773-6 ( reading sample )

Web links

Chaplin, Nikolai Pavlovich

Individual evidence

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 35 f.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 64.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 326 f.

↑ His curriculum vitae in thefreedictionary.com (only reflects his career, without gaps, but without background or fall, so that only other sources can be used):

In 1918 Chaplin founded a Komsomol cell in Smolensk and in 1919 worked as the chairman of a Komsomol district committee . In 1920 and 1921 he was secretary of the provincial committees of Tyumen and Smolensk of the Komsomol and a member of the Smolensk provincial committee of the KPR (B). In 1921 Tschaplin became head of the Political Enlightenment Department of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and in 1922 Secretary of the Central Committee. In 1922 and 1923 he was secretary of the Transcaucasus Regional Committee of the Komsomol, as well as a delegate to the 2nd to 8th Congress of the Komsomol and from 1921 to 1928 a member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol. He worked as first secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol from 1924 to 1926 and from 1926 to 1928 as general secretary . Tschaplin joined the Communist Party in 1919 . In 1922 and 1923 he was a member of the Transcaucasian Regional Committee of the KPR (B). In 1930 he was Second Secretary of the Transcaucasian Regional Committee of the AKP (B). Tschaplin was a delegate of the XII. to XVI. Party Congress and from 1924 to 1930 candidate of the Central Committee of the All-Russian CP (B) and of the Central Committee's organizational office . He was a member of the Central Executive Committee of the Transcaucasian Federation, the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Tschaplin wrote about problems of the youth movement and from 1931 worked in party and business. In 1936 he was awarded the Order of Lenin .

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 63.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 64.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 168.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 118.

↑ TO Moskvičev / JD Sokolov: Nikolaj Caplin . Tula 1969. pp. 64 f.

^ Giuseppe Boffa: Istorija Sovetskogo Sojuza. Ot revoljucii do Vtoroj mirovoj vojny. Lenin i Stalin. 1917 - 1941. Moscow 1994. p. 397. Quoted from: Michail Ryklin: Life, Thrown into Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 135.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 154.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 154.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 163.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 180 f.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 195.

↑ Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 191.

personal data
SURNAME	Tschaplin, Nikolai Pavlovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Чаплин, Николай Павлович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Soviet party official
DATE OF BIRTH	December 19, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH	Rognedino
DATE OF DEATH	September 23, 1938
Place of death	Moscow

[1] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 35 f.

[2] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 64.

[3] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 326 f.

[4] His curriculum vitae in thefreedictionary.com (only reflects his career, without gaps, but without background or fall, so that only other sources can be used):
In 1918 Chaplin founded a Komsomol cell in Smolensk and in 1919 worked as the chairman of a Komsomol district committee . In 1920 and 1921 he was secretary of the provincial committees of Tyumen and Smolensk of the Komsomol and a member of the Smolensk provincial committee of the KPR (B). In 1921 Tschaplin became head of the Political Enlightenment Department of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and in 1922 Secretary of the Central Committee. In 1922 and 1923 he was secretary of the Transcaucasus Regional Committee of the Komsomol, as well as a delegate to the 2nd to 8th Congress of the Komsomol and from 1921 to 1928 a member of the Central Committee of the Komsomol. He worked as first secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol from 1924 to 1926 and from 1926 to 1928 as general secretary . Tschaplin joined the Communist Party in 1919 . In 1922 and 1923 he was a member of the Transcaucasian Regional Committee of the KPR (B). In 1930 he was Second Secretary of the Transcaucasian Regional Committee of the AKP (B). Tschaplin was a delegate of the XII. to XVI. Party Congress and from 1924 to 1930 candidate of the Central Committee of the All-Russian CP (B) and of the Central Committee's organizational office . He was a member of the Central Executive Committee of the Transcaucasian Federation, the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Tschaplin wrote about problems of the youth movement and from 1931 worked in party and business. In 1936 he was awarded the Order of Lenin .

[5] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 63.

[6] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 64.

[7] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 168.

[8] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 118.

[9] TO Moskvičev / JD Sokolov: Nikolaj Caplin . Tula 1969. pp. 64 f.

[10] Giuseppe Boffa: Istorija Sovetskogo Sojuza. Ot revoljucii do Vtoroj mirovoj vojny. Lenin i Stalin. 1917 - 1941. Moscow 1994. p. 397. Quoted from: Michail Ryklin: Life, Thrown into Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 135.

[11] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 154.

[12] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 154.

[13] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 163.

[14] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 180 f.

[15] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 195.

[16] Mikhail Ryklin: Life Thrown into the Fire - The Generation of the Great October. A research. From the Russian by Sabine Grebing and Volker Weichsel, Suhrkamp Verlag, Berlin 2019, p. 191.