Nishan el Iftikhar
The Nishan el Iftikhar Order ( Arabic نيشان الافتخار, DMG Nīšān al-Iftiḫār ), also Order of Glory , was a civil and military order of merit in Tunisia .
history
The order was donated by Haines Bei in 1835. It was changed many times by the government of Ahmad I al-Husain from 1837 to 1855, but especially from 1853 to 1855 . In 1855 the order was divided into five classes. In this form it represented a model of the Legion of Honor. It was awarded until the Republic of Tunisia was founded in 1957.
Order classes
The order consisted of five classes.
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Order decoration
A ten-pointed star with alternating green and red tips was filled with silver, brilliant rays in the corners. In the middle was a green enamelled medallion and showed the name of the ruler Bey of Tunisia. The surrounding hoarfrost was brilliant. Above the medal was a silver bow to attach the medal ribbon.
Ribbon and way of wearing
The ribbon was green with two red stripes on the sides of the ribbon. Grand cruisers wear the medal as a sash over the right shoulder to the left hip. An additional star, very similar to the large decoration, was attached to the right breast by the high classes. Grand officers only wore this additional star, but without a ribbon. The class of commanders took the medal as a neck medal and officers and knights wear it on the left side of the chest. For the officers, the ribbon was tied as a rosette . The decoration was also smaller for the two classes and no colored enamel was intended for knights, only cut pearls .
Known porters
- Richard Wagner (1813–1883), composer - (expression unknown)
- Robert Bréard (1894–1973), composer - Grand Commander (1939)
- Gilbert Charles-Picard (1913–1998), classical archaeologist - Commander
- René Dedieu (1899–1985), football player and coach - expression unknown
- Jes Leve Duysen (1820–1903), piano maker - Commander (1880)
- Gustave-Auguste Ferrié (1868–1932), electrical engineer and general - Grand Commander
- Jean Camille Formigé (1845–1926), architect - Officer's Cross (1904)
- Alphonse Georges (1875–1951), General - Grand Cross
- Jacques Gosselin (1897–1953), Colonial Administrator - Knight's Cross
- Charles-Philippe Larivière (1798–1876), painter and graphic artist - characteristics unknown
- Woldemar Lippert (1861–1937), historian and archivist - commander
- Jules Marouzeau (1878–1964), classical philologist - expression unknown
- Pierre Messmer (1916–2007), politician - Commander
- Frédéric Monier (1842–1908), industrialist and politician - Grand Commander
- Jean Rapenne (1901–1952), Colonial Administrator - Grand Commander
- Georg Sibbern (1816–1901), diplomat and politician - Grand Cross
- Walter Bedell Smith (1895–1961), general, CIA director, and diplomat - Grand Cross
- Guido Stache (1833–1921), geologist and paleontologist - Commander (1872)
- Théophile Tellier (1872–1955), Colonial Officer - Officer's Cross (1907)
literature
- Mohamed El Aziz Ben Achour, Honneur & Gloire. Les décorations tunisiennes à l'époque husseïnite , Sagittaire éditions 1994, ISBN 9973-9738-0-1 , pp. 14–33.
See also
- Nischan Iftikhar , order of the same name in Turkey
Individual evidence
- ↑ Author collective: Meyers Konversationslexikon. 4th edition. Bibliographical Institute, Leipzig and Vienna 1885–1892.
- ↑ Description in the orders, coats of arms and flags of all regents and states. Leipzig 1883–1887.
- ↑ Birthday meeting: Wagner meets Verdi (8). Order glamor of a different kind . The German Stage , August 2013. Accessed December 8, 2017
- ↑ NI Herescu: Entretiens avec Jules Marouzeau . Paris 1962, p. 17.
- ^ Journal for the Austrian grammar schools . K. Tomaschek, W. Hartel, K. Schenkl, Vienna 1876.