Guido Stache

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Title page of the Geology of Transylvania by Hauer and Stache (1863)

Guido Stache (also Karl Heinrich Hektor Guido Stache ) (born March 28, 1833 in Namslau / Namysłów , †  April 11, 1921 in Vienna ) was an Austro-Hungarian geologist and paleontologist and director of the k. k. geological imperial institute in Vienna. Among the Austro-Hungarian geologists of the 19th century, Stache carried out early and systematic research in the karst areas near Trieste and on Istria and thereby made a significant contribution to the geoscientific understanding of these phenomena.

Life

After attending high school in Breslau studied Stache in 1851 at the University in this city (briefly also in Berlin ) and received his doctorate in 1855 at Heinrich Robert Goeppert- Dr. phil. As a young scientist in 1857 he got a job at the Imperial Geological Institute .

Recording work (geological field work) in 1858/59 led him to the karst areas of the Austrian coastal region . As a result of this work, a first larger geological description of the karst formations (published in 1864) with a geological overview map was created. At the same time he extensively examined the biostratigraphic conditions of the neogene deposits in the lower Carniola . For this purpose, Stache prepared extensive fossil registers of important sites such as Altendorf, St. Canzian and St. Margarethen . He was only able to continue this systematic palaeontological work later.
Around 1860 he was engaged in geological exploration in Transylvania and thus participated in the extensive recording work of the chief geologist Franz von Hauer . This led the recording work in what was then the Grand Duchy of Transylvania. The results of this extensive work were published in 1863. The corresponding geological overview map of Transylvania was published in Sibiu in 1861 .

In the context of this work, Hauer and Stache proposed the term Dacit for a group of quartz-containing trachytes . Originally a name with Biharit ( agalmatolite ) was intended, which would have related to the main distribution area of ​​this rock group in the Transylvanian Bihar Mountains . Because this name had already been used for a mineral by Carl Ferdinand Peters , this consideration could not be taken up. The rock group name is still recognized today and is part of the petrographic nomenclature.

Since his experience in geological field work and mapping was recognized, Stache was commissioned in 1869 to conduct geological surveys in the region around Unghvár . In 1874 he published a summary of the paleozoic formations of the Eastern Alps , which was based on the findings compiled and compiled by the Imperial Geological Institute . They resulted from the work of Markus Vincent Lipold , Adolf von Morlot (1820–1867), Carl Ferdinand Peters , Friedrich Rolle , Dionýs Stur , Eduard Suess , Emil Tietze , Th. Zollikofer and their own research. This comprehensive article provided an initial overview of the geological conditions in the most complex Austrian section of the Alps and paved the way for further research with international participation.

Stache was only able to resume his comparative work on the Paleozoic of the Alps in 1889. In the same year he examined old loose sediments in the area of ​​the Isonzo .

The early work on the Karst was followed by further investigations in the region around Trieste in 1877 and, from 1888, geological mapping work to record new existing map documents. The sheets Trieste (edited 1886-1891), Sessana - St. Peter (added 1859) and Gorizia - Gradiška (edited 1886-1891) come from Stache .

His extensive knowledge of the geology of Austria-Hungary brought Stache first the position of an assistant, then the chief geologist of the Imperial Geological Institute and in 1892 (October 21), after a brief period in office, he became its director. In this position he succeeded the geologist Dionýs Stur, whose deputy he had been since 1885. Stache performed this task from 1892 until his retirement in 1902. He was the fourth director of this institution since it was founded in 1849. During his term of office, the 50th anniversary celebration (June 9, 1900) for the institution fell.

Merits

Due to his scientific work, Stache achieved a high level of recognition in specialist circles. Its main services include:

  • the naming and description of the Dacit rock group
  • the comprehensive overview of contemporary research in the Paleozoic of the Alps
  • Basic research in the karst areas of Trieste, Carniola and Istria on the distribution and geological position of the karst formations
  • Paleontological research on the fossils of the Liburnian stage ( Cosina layers )
  • several geological map sheets (1: 75,000)

Memberships and awards

Selected Works

  • The Eocene regions in Inner Carniola and Istria . in: JB dkk geol. RA, Vol. 10 (1859)
  • with Franz von Hauer : Geology of Transylvania. After the photographs of the Imperial Geological Institute and literary aids . Vienna (Wilhelm Braumüller) 1863
  • Geological landscape of the Istrian coastal land . Vienna 1864
  • The geological conditions of the surroundings of Unghvár in Hungary . in: JB dkk geol. RA, Vol. 21 (1871), Vienna 1871
  • The Liburnian level and its border horizons with an overview of the geological conditions of the coastal countries of Austria-Hungary and the description of the non-marine fauna and flora remains of the Protocene layers of the northern distribution area . in: Abhandl. the kk geol. RA, Vol. 13, 1863, Vienna
  • Photograph of special geological objects and landscape types in Carinthia and in the vicinity of Trieste . in: Verh. geol. RA, (1892), Vienna 1892

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Ritter von Hauer / Guido Stache: Geology of Transylvania. After the photographs of the Imperial Geological Institute and literary aids . Vienna (Wilhelm Braumüller) 1863, p. 72.
  2. ↑ Guido Stache: The paleozoic areas of the Eastern Alps . in: JB dkk geol. RA, 24: 135-273, 333-424 (1874)
  3. ↑ Endre Dudich: Relations between the kk Imperial Geological Institute in Vienna and the Hungarian Geology from 1867 to 1918 . in: Abh. Geol.B.-A., Vol. 56/1, Vienna (GBA) 1999, p. 65
  4. ^ Member entry by Guido Stache at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 20, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Stache, Guido
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian geologist and mineralogist
DATE OF BIRTH March 28, 1833
PLACE OF BIRTH Namslau
DATE OF DEATH April 11, 1921
Place of death Vienna