Nitrosomonas halophila

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Nitrosomonas halophila
Systematics
Department : Proteobacteria
Class : Betaproteobacteria
Order : Nitrosomonadales
Family : Nitrosomonadaceae
Genre : Nitrosomonas
Type : Nitrosomonas halophila
Scientific name
Nitrosomonas halophila
Koops et al. 1991

Nitrosomonas halophila is a species of bacteria in the genus Nitrosomonas . It is a nitrifying bacterial species which metabolizes ammonia (NH 3 ) to nitrite (NO 2 - ) and thereby gains energy.

features

The cells are 1.1-1.5 × 1.5-2.2 µm in size. When motile, the cells have a tuft of flagellates . Like all bacteria of the Proteobacteria group, the species is gram-negative . Nitrosomonas halophila is aerobic , the bacterium needs oxygen. As the species name suggests, the species is halophilic, it lives in environments with increased salt concentration. Some cultures are alkali-tolerant , they tolerate values ​​of up to 10 pH.

In contrast to some other representatives of the genus, the bacteria are unable to use urea as a source of ammonium. Nitrosomonas halophila , like all members of the Nitrosomonadaceae family , is chemolithoautotrophic ; H. Inorganic electron donors (ammonia) are used to generate energy, the species does not depend on organic energy and carbon sources.

Nitrosomonas halophila has been isolated from salt lakes in Mongolia and from brackish water in the North Sea .

metabolism

Nitrosomonas halophila , like all Nitrosomonadaceae, is one of the nitrifiers. The metabolism is based on nitrification , ammonia (NH 3 ) is oxidized to nitrite (NO 2 - ).

The oxidation of ammonia brings electrons into an electron transport chain . A proton motor force is generated, which ultimately leads to the formation of ATP . For carbon fixation , the nitrifying bacteria use the Calvin cycle , which is also used during photosynthesis in plants.

Nitrification plays an important role in the earth's nitrogen cycle .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (eds.) The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria . Volume 5: Proteobacteria: Alpha and Beta Subclasses , 3rd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York et al. O., 2006, ISBN 978-0-387-25495-1 (print) and ISBN 978-0-387-30743-5 (Online), doi : 10.1007 / 0-387-30743-5 .

literature

  • Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock - Microbiology . 11th edition. Pearson Studium, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8274-0566-1
  • George M. Garrity: Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology . 2nd Edition. Springer, New York 2005, Vol. 2: The Proteobacteria Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteabacteria , ISBN 0-387-24145-0
  • HP Koops, B. Böttcher, UC Möller, A. Pommerening-Röser and G. Stehr: Classification of eight new species of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria: Nitrosomonas communis sp. nov., Nitrosomonas ureae sp. nov., Nitrosomonas aestuarii sp. nov., Nitrosomonas marina sp. nov., Nitrosomonas nitrosa sp. nov., Nitrosomonas eutropha sp. nov., Nitrosomonas oligotropha sp. nov. and Nitrosomonas halophila sp. nov In: Journal of General Micrology , July 1991, Volume 137, pp. 1689-1699 doi : 10.1099 / 00221287-137-7-1689 Online

Web links

  • Genus Nitrosomonas - LPSN List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature
  • A little glimpse into the world of bacteria - AquaCare. Sellner, BR 1997: A little glimpse into the world of bacteria - biological metabolic processes in the aquarium using the example of nitrogen oxidation (nitrification).