Offboard navigation
The off-board navigation allows the use of a mobile phone as a navigation system, the route data and the map data is not stored on the device. With the help of special navigation software, the user contacts an external server via UMTS or GPRS and downloads the desired route information and maps from there. Offboard navigation is also called "cell phone navigation" in everyday language.
The difference between offboard navigation and onboard navigation : In the case of onboard navigation, the route data and maps are stored in the mobile device together with navigation software. This requires a lot of storage space, which is why only devices with a more powerful processor and more storage space, such as PDAs and smartphones , are suitable for onboard navigation . By contrast, many common cell phones with Java operating systems (J2ME) are now suitable for offboard navigation . The prerequisite for offboard navigation is that the mobile phone can establish a connection to the Internet via UMTS or GPRS. Both variants require GPS reception. It must therefore have an integrated or an externally connected GPS receiver (GPS mouse). If an external GPS receiver is used, the two devices are now usually linked to one another via Bluetooth .
Beginnings
The first programs for offboard navigation were available in German-speaking countries in 2005. These included the Activepilot programs from Jentro for cell phones with the Java operating system and the 3Soft-Navigation, T-Navigate and Wayfinder programs for Nokia Series 60 devices ( S60 ). The first offboard navigation programs had to be downloaded for a fee.
Market development 2005 to 2010
The first offboard navigation programs were limited in their use compared to current developments: Wayfinder and T-Navigate from T-Mobile , for example, could only be used on certain smartphones. 3Soft, on the other hand, was only available in conjunction with a hands-free system from Cullmann, which was initially only available for three Nokia cell phones. In addition, when purchasing the program from 3Soft, an annual flat rate had to be paid for route calculation. The Activepilot program was available from various mobile phone providers. T-Navigate was and is only available for T-Mobile customers and is charged either per route or as a subscription. In 2007 the first mobile operator (E-Plus) reduced its data transmission costs to 24 cents per megabyte for the Simyo and Aldi-Talk brands. Since then, these providers have only incurred transmission costs of two cents for the route from Munich to Nuremberg (165 km) (25 kilobytes, clocked at ten kilobytes). At T-Mobile, data transmission is now included in its own network.
In recent years, the use of mobile phone navigation has increased significantly. When the first UMTS mobile phone Siemens SXG75 with an integrated GPS receiver came onto the German market in the fourth quarter of 2005 , navigation became more interesting. In 2006 the free navigation software Nav4all was discovered in Germany and discontinued in 2010. In 2007, many other offboard navigation programs came onto the German market, including Amaze, Mobile Navigator from Navigon, Skobbler , Map24 Mobile from Navteq and Ö-Navi from DasÖrtliche . Ö-NAVI offered DasÖrtliche free of charge. The service ended on July 31, 2010. The service was financed by advertising, but according to test reports, the advertisements did not distract from navigation. Mobile Navigator is a paid product. With Nokia Maps has a license for navigating in a particular category to be acquired. Category A corresponds, for example, to Europe , Turkey , Eastern Europe , Canada , Hong Kong & Macau . The Nokia Maps navigation software is only compatible with Nokia mobile phones. The other services mentioned are free and available for most cell phone models with the Java operating system (J2ME). From Nokia Maps was 2009, Nokia Maps , which for pedestrians and all phones from Symbian S60 5th Edition operating system is launched in February 2010 as a free download from Nokia. Since the Nokia XPress5xxx series for pedestrians, it has been preinstalled as standard across Europe. Some of the cell phones appear in a special "Navi Edition", which enables worldwide navigation (on foot & in the car, voice-guided in 2D / 3D - e.g. X6-16GB Navigation Edition).
With most of the free navigation programs, the display can be set as a two-dimensional map, arrow or 3D. Skobbler, on the other hand, offers a two-dimensional map and arrows, but no 3D view . Nav4all only has an arrow display. Ö-Navi was based on the same platform as the Activepilot software developed by Jentro, which is now sold by Falk. The DasÖrtliche phone book was also integrated into Ö-Navi, and an entry contained in it could also be selected as the destination address using the phone number using a reverse search. With the Ö-Navi 2 Beta version presented at the IFA in September 2008, the user was able to call over 500,000 business people on their mobile phones free of charge. In addition, an automatic emergency location was integrated into the program and there was a vector-based map display that reduced the amount of data to be loaded and thus also the loading time.
In addition to navigation software, there is also a route planner as an offboard solution. The difference to conventional route planning on the Internet is the possibility of transmitting the user's location. Google Maps offers such a mobile route planner with the Google Maps Mobile software. The location determination also works without a GPS receiver connected to the phone using GSM radio cell data. However, the method is not as precise as the determination via GPS. The deviation from the actual location is around 1000 meters, but in rural areas it can be up to ten kilometers due to the larger diameter of the cell phone cells.
Advantages of offboard navigation compared to onboard navigation solutions are lower technical requirements and the fact that the map material is up-to-date. For offboard navigation, you usually need a UMTS or GPRS-capable mobile phone with a GPS receiver and receive the map material currently available on the server with every route calculation. For onboard navigation you need a PDA or a smartphone with significantly more storage space. For example, maps of Europe require around four gigabytes of storage space. The device must therefore have a large internal memory or an external memory card.
With the offboard solution, depending on the mobile phone tariff, costs are incurred for data transmission via UMTS or GPRS if the mobile phone calls up data from the server to update the route information. With this solution, users who do not have a data flat rate must pay attention to a low tariff for data transmission. Data can be saved with navigation software that offers vector graphics as a display type. Further costs can be saved by opting for a free offboard navigation solution. Due to their portability and their on-demand functionality, offboard navigation solutions are best suited for occasional, spontaneous use.
Future prospects
According to a study by the Federal Association for Information Technology, Telecommunications and New Media Studies eV (BITKOM), sales with mobile data services, excluding SMS and MMS, will grow by more than 60 percent by 2012. It is expected that more and more mobile phones will have access to broadband internet in the near future. In 2008, the number of UMTS users in Germany rose from 10.4 to 15.9 million. For 2009 another 40% increase to 22.7 million is expected. It is therefore to be expected that the average loading time for route calculation will be further reduced in the near future. The study mentioned assumes that a large part of mobile services will be financed through advertising in the future. In the future, data transmission will probably cost less than before, as mobile network providers are offering ever cheaper data flat rates for mobile phones.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Röbke-Doerr: That long! Offboard navigation: Navigate with mobile phone and server. In: heise mobil. September 26, 2005, archived from the original on February 18, 2008 ; Retrieved April 3, 2016 .
- ↑ http://www.innovations-report.de/html/berichte/cebit_2007/bericht-80967.html
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from March 16, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Philipp Rauschmeyer: For a few cents to the goal, NAVI Magazin 3-4 / 2008, p. 86
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://pressetext.de/news/071129027/google-macht-auch-handys-ohne-gps-zu-navigationsgeraeten/
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated November 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
