Orange shadow hummingbird
| Orange shadow hummingbird | ||||||||||||
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Orange shadow hummingbird painted by John Gould and Henry Constantine Richter |
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| Phaethornis philippii | ||||||||||||
| ( Bourcier , 1847) |
The orange-colored shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis philippii ) or red-brown hermit or thin-billed hermit is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The distribution area of this species includes the countries Peru , Bolivia and Brazil . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .
features
The orange shadow hummingbird reaches a body length of about 13 cm, the straight beak about 31 mm and the tail about 57 mm. The blackish purple wings are approx. 53 mm long. The top is dark bronze green, with the rear dorsal feathers and the upper tail coverts lined with reddish brown. The color of the stripe above the eyes and the underside, as well as the tips of the lateral tail feathers, are decorated with a rusty red. The rest of the tail feathers are bronze green with a subterminal wide black band. The central control springs have long white tips. While the upper bill is black, the yellowish flesh-colored lower bill has black tips.
distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the hummingbird extends over the east of Peru over the north of Bolivia to the west of Brazil.
In Brazil it is found in the south of the Amazon to the western banks of the Rio Tapajós and the north of the state of Rondônia .
In Peru they can be found east of the Río Ucayali and south of the Amazon at heights below 500 meters above sea level. In central Peru they do not seem to be present east of the Ucayali. They move in the undergrowth of damp forests. Here they are mainly in the terra firme forest, i. H. Rainforest areas that are not inundated by rivers.
behavior
This hummingbird species is very territorial and fiercely defends its territory against intruders.
Vocalizations
Your call sounds like a monotonous series of constant or only imperceptibly louder Pseet sounds.
Etymology and history of research
Jules Bourcier described the hummingbird under the protonym Trochilus philippii . The type specimen was collected in Bolivia. For a long time it was assigned to the genus Ametrornis , since it is the only species of the genus Phaethornis that has a straight beak, alongside the brown-bellied shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis bourcieri ) ( Lesson , 1832) . The orange-brown shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis koepckeae ) is occasionally considered in the literature as a subspecies Phaethornis philippii koepckeae Weske & Terborgh , 1977. Only later was the species added to the genus Phaethornis .
The term “Phaethornis” is derived from the Greek words “phaethōn Φαέθων ” for “the shining one, the shining one” and “órnis, όρνις ” for “bird”. The specific epithet "philippii" honors Filippo De Filippi , the then professor of zoology at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano .
literature
- Rolf Grantsau : The hummingbirds of Brazil . Expressão e Cultura, Rio de Janeiro 1988, ISBN 978-85-208-0101-7 .
- Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Marcos Pérsio Dantas Santos, Glauko Correa da Silva, Aldimar Lima dos Reis: Birds of the Igarapé Lourdes Indigenous Territory, Jí-Paraná, Rondônia, Brazil . In: Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia . tape 19 , no. 2 , 2011, p. 230–243 ( online (PDF; 2.4 MB) [accessed December 9, 2012]).
- Christoph Hinkelmann : Notes on the taxonomy and geographic variation of Phaethornis bourcieri (Aves: Trochilidae) with the description of a new subspecies . In: Bonn zoological contributions . tape 40 , no. 2 , 1989, pp. 99-107 ( online (PDF; 3.5 MB) [accessed December 9, 2012]).
- Jules Bourcier: Description of the trois nouvelles espèces d'Osiseau-Mouches . In: Annales des sciences physiques et naturelles, d'agriculture et d'industrie . tape 10 , 1847, p. 623-624 ( online [accessed December 9, 2012]).
Web links
- Phaethornis philippii inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012.2. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Needle-billed Hermit ( Phaethornis philippii ) . Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings for Needle-billed Hermit (Phaethornis philippii) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Orange shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis philippii ) at Avibase; Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- Phaethornis philippii in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved December 9, 2012.
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Needle-billed Hermit ( Phaethornis philippii )