Organikum

Organikum (cover), 23rd edition (2009)

Organikum (cover), 16th edition (1986)

The Organikum is a practical book for organic chemistry in which regulations have been collected for a large number of reactions and substance classes and general laboratory activities are described. This is presented with a chapter in which the basics of practical work in an organic chemistry laboratory are extensively described. Special topics such as the purification and analysis of organic substances are dealt with in appendices. Originally published in the GDR by a collective of authors at the suggestion of Friedrich Asinger , it was a standard work on the practical training of organic chemistry in the Federal Republic even before the fall of the Wall. The first edition was published in December 1962. The book was published by VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, from 1990 by JA Barth / Hüthig in Heidelberg, from 1996 by Wiley-VCH , the current 24th edition in 2015. The total print run of the Organikum in eleven languages ​​is 400,000 copies.

history

The first edition was created from 1959 at the Institute for Organic Chemistry at the TU Dresden under the direction of Heinz GO Becker , from whom the concept originated and who was involved until the end of the 1990s, and Klaus Schwetlick . Werner Berger and Egon Fanghänel , who had been secretary of the authors' collective since 2001 , have also been involved since 1959 . There were also Wolf-Dieter Habicher , Rainer Beckert , Günter Domschke , Peter Metz , Hans-Joachim Knölker , Jürgen Faust, Mechthild Fischer, Fritjof Gentz, Karl Gewald , Reiner Gluch, Roland Mayer , Klaus Müller, Dietrich Pavel, Hermann Schmidt, Karl Schollberg, Erika Seiler and Günter Zeppenfeld involved.

Based on the model of the Organikum, the Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften also published a textbook Inorganikum ( Lothar Kolditz et al., From 1967).

division

The book is structured as follows:

• Introduction to laboratory technology:

This section covers general information about performing chemical experiments in organic chemistry. This includes the most important reaction vessels and information on important basic techniques such as distillation and chromatography . Techniques for determining physical properties of chemical compounds are also explained.

• Organic-chemical literature and record keeping:

About important literature and the right research and record keeping in organic chemistry.

• general basics:

It covers some important basics of organic reactions and molecules (e.g. stereoisomerism).

• organic-preparative part:
  This is the main part of the book. The most important reactions in organic chemistry are dealt with one after the other. Sample reactions are given for each reaction, according to which preparations can be made from simple precursor substances in the practical course. The reactions are divided into:
  • Radical substitutions
  • Nucleophilic substitutions on saturated carbon atoms
  • Eliminations
  • Additions to multiple bonds
  • Substitutions on aromatic molecules
  • Oxidations and dehydrations
  • Reactions of carbonyl compounds
  • Reactions of heteroanalogous carbonyl compounds ( imines , oximes etc.)
  • Rearrangements
• Identification of organic molecules: This part describes ways of identifying organic molecules and functional groups
• Appendices on properties of important and particularly dangerous substances used in organic synthesis.

criticism

Because a large number of examples are given for each substance class or reaction, the reaction conditions are not optimized for special substances, as is the case with Organic Syntheses or Organic Reactions . As a result, the yields are usually lower or more impurities arise than with special regulations.

expenditure

• Klaus Schwetlick among others: Organikum . 23rd edition. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2009, ISBN 978-3-527-32292-3 .
• Klaus Schwetlick among others: Organikum . 24th edition. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2015, ISBN 978-3-527-33968-6 .

literature

• Egon Fang Hänel : 50 years of Organikum , in: Nachrichten aus der Chemie , Vol. 60, November 2012, pp. 1090-1091 ( doi: 10.1002 / nadc.201290396 ).

Web links

• 50 Years of Organikum

Individual evidence

1. ↑ In the 21st edition of 2001 the following authors are given: Heinz GO Becker, Werner Berger, Günter Domschke, Egon Fanghänel, Jürgen Faust, Mechthild Fischer, Fritjof Gentz, Karl Gewald, Reiner Gluch, Roland Mayer, Klaus Müller, Dietrich Pavel, Hermann Schmidt, Karl Schollberg, Klaus Schwetlick, Erika Seiler, Günter Zeppenfeld, and for the 21st edition: Heinz GO Becker, Rainer Beckert, Günter Domschke, Egon Fanghänel, Wolf D. Habicher, Peter Metz, Dietrich Pavel, Klaus Schwetlick