Karl Gewald

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Karl Gewald (1968)

Karl Friedrich Gewald (born August 1, 1930 in Kaiserswalde , Habelschwerdt district, Lower Silesia ; † September 8, 2017 in Dresden ) was a German chemist who was an associate professor of organic chemistry at the Technical University of Dresden . The Gewald reaction is named after him.

Life

Karl Gewald was an apprentice in the crystal smelter in Kaiserswalde in 1944/45 and after his training in 1945/46 worked as a grinder in the Pangratz grinding shop in Kaiserswalde. After being expelled from his homeland due to the war in 1946, he worked for several years as a farm worker in Friedersdorf near Görlitz . Since 1949 he studied at the ABF at the Technical University of Dresden and in 1951 acquired the university entrance qualification. He studied chemistry at the Technical University of Dresden . First he worked as an assistant, later as a senior assistant at the Institute for Organic Chemistry and head of the Pirna-Copitz branch of the TH / TU Dresden. It was established in 1959 with a thesis "On Preparation and Reactions of thiazolines and thiazoles, starting from Mercaptoacetaten, aromatic aldehydes and ammonia" doctorate . His doctoral supervisor was Friedrich Asinger . His habilitation (subject: “Synthesis of heterocycles from CH-acidic nitriles”) took place in 1964. He was also employed at the Dresden pharmaceuticals plant in Radebeul . Since 1966 he has worked as a lecturer, since 1969 as a university lecturer for organic chemistry at the Technical University of Dresden . 1985 Gewald was appointed associate professor. In 1988/1989 he was visiting professor at the Technical University of Vienna with Fritz Sauter . In 1992 he accepted a professorship for Special Organic Chemistry II at the Technical University of Dresden. Gewald retired in 1995.

Gewald had been married to his school friend Sophie Theresia Stumpf since 1957 and had two adult children.

Scientific achievements

Gewald has become internationally known for the Gewald reaction he discovered, a multi-component reaction for the production of heterocycles , especially aminothiophenes. He published 173 publications and patents, mainly dealing with new heterocycle syntheses.

Gewald is co-author of the internship textbook Organikum with a total circulation of almost 400,000 copies. This standard work is now available in 24 editions and has been translated into ten languages.

Publications (selection)

  • K. Gewald: Reaction of malononitrile with α-aminoketones , Z. Chem. 1961, 1, 349.
  • K. Gewald: Heterocycles from CH-acidic nitriles. III. Simple synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes , Z. Chem. 1962, 2, 305-306.
  • K. Gewald; E. ham; H. Böttcher: Heterocycles from CH-acidic nitriles. VIII. 2-aminothiophenes from methylene-active nitriles, carbonyl compounds and sulfur , Chem. Ber. 1966, 99, 94-100.
  • K. Gewald; E. Schinke: Heterocycles from CH-acidic nitriles. X. Reaction of acetone with cyanoacetate and sulfur , Chem. Ber. 1966, 99, 2712.
  • K. Gewald; G. Neumann; H. Böttcher: Heterocycles from CH-acidic nitriles. XI. New synthesis of 2-aminothionaphthenes , Z. Chem. 1966, 6, 261.
  • R. Mayer; K. Gewald: Action of carbon disulfide and sulfur on enamines, ketimines, and CH acids , Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1967, 6, 294-306.
  • K. Gewald, P. Bellman, H.-J. Jaensch: New synthesis of 4-aminoisothiazoles , Z. Chem. 1975, 15, 18-19.
  • K. Gewald: Syntheses and reactions of 2-aminothiophenes , Khim. Geterotsik. Soed. 1976, 1299-1315.
  • K. Gewald: Newer heterocyclic intermediates for the azo coupling by cyclization of nitriles Chimia, 1980, 34, 101-110.
  • K. Gewald: Recent syntheses of heteroaromatic amines by cyclizations of nitriles , Lectures in Heterocyclic Chem. 1981, 6, 121-138.

Awards

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ RW Sabnis, Sulfur Reports , 1994, 16, pp. 1-17.
  2. ↑ Gewald, Karl (Friedrich) . In: Dorit Petschel : 175 years of TU Dresden. Volume 3: The professors of the TU Dresden 1828–2003. Edited on behalf of the Society of Friends and Supporters of the TU Dresden e. V. von Reiner Pommerin , Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 2003, ISBN 3-412-02503-8 , p. 270 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  3. ^ John A. Joule, Keith Mills: Heterocyclic Chemistry , John Wiley & Sons, 5th Edition (2010), p. 340, ISBN 978-1-405-13300-5 .
  4. ↑ Bradford P. Mundy, Michael G. Ellerd, Frank G. Favaloro, Jr .: Name Reactions and Reagents in Organic Synthesis , John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Edition (2005) p. 306, ISBN 0-471-22854-0 .
  5. ↑ Christopher Hume: Applications of Multicomponent Reactions in Drug Discovery - Lead Generation to Process Development , pp. 311–341, there pp. 332–334, In Jieping Zhu, Huges Bienaymé: Multicomponent Reactions , Wiles-VCH ​​Verlag, 2005, ISBN 978 -3-527-30806-4 .
  6. ↑ Alfred Hassner, Irishi Namboothiri: Organic Synthesis Based on Name Reactions , Elsevier: 3rd Edition (2011) pp 179-180, ISBN 978-0080966304 .
  7. ↑ Stéphane Caron: Practical Synthetic Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Principles, and Techniques , John Wiley & Sons: 1st edition (2011) p. 641, ISBN 978-0470037331 .
  8. ↑ Alan R. Katritzky, Christopher A. Ramsden, John A. Joule, Viktor V. Zhdankin: Handbook of Heterocyclic Chemistry , Elsevier: 3rd edition (2010) p. 680, ISBN 978-0080958439 .
  9. ↑ Jason P. Tierney, Pelle Lidström: Microwave assisted organic synthesis , Blackwell: 1st edition (2010) pp. 110-111, ISBN 978-1405115605 .
  10. ^ Jie Jack Li: Name Reactions: A Collection of Detailed Mechanisms and Synthetic Applications , Springer: 4th extended edition (2006) pp. 254-256, ISBN 978-3642010521 .
  11. ↑ S. Gronowitz, A.-B. Hörnfeldt: Thiophenes (Best Synthetic Methods) , Academic Press: 1st edition (2004) pp. 487-490, ISBN 978-0123039538 .
  12. ↑ Heinz GO Becker , Werner Berger , Günter Domschke , Egon Fanghänel , Jürgen Faust, Mechthild Fischer, Fritjof Gentz, Karl Gewald, Reiner Gluch, Roland Mayer , Klaus Müller, Dietrich Pavel, Hermann Schmidt, Karl Schollberg, Klaus Schwetlick , Erika Seiler and Günter Zeppenfeld: Organikum , Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag, 1993, 19th edition, ISBN 3-335-00343-8 .
personal data
SURNAME Gewald, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gewald, Karl Friedrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH August 1, 1930
PLACE OF BIRTH Kaiserswalde , Habelschwerdt district, Lower Silesia
DATE OF DEATH September 8, 2017
Place of death Dresden