Lasówka

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Lasówka
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Lasówka (Poland)
Lasówka
Lasówka
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Kłodzko
Gmina : Bystrzyca Kłodzka
Geographic location : 50 ° 18 ′  N , 16 ° 27 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 18 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 27 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 700 m npm
Residents :
Postal code : 57-517
Telephone code : (+48) 74
License plate : DKL
Economy and Transport
Street : Międzylesie - Duszniki-Zdrój
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Lasówka (German Kaiserswalde ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It belongs to the municipality of Bystrzyca Kłodzka ( Habelschwerdt ), from which it is seventeen kilometers to the west.

geography

Lasówka lies on a plateau between the Habelschwerdter Mountains and the main ridge of the Eagle Mountains . The Erlitz flows through the place, which rises in the nearby lake fields ( Torfowisko pod Żielencem ) and forms the border with the Czech Republic as far as Lesica . Neighboring towns are Młoty in the east and Mostowice and Piaskowice in the southeast. Beyond the border are the villages of Trčkov in the northwest, Bedřichovka in the west and Zelenka , Jadrná and Kunštát in the southeast. They belong to the municipality of Orlické Záhoří , which can be reached via the Mostowice border crossing. The voivodship road 389 leads through Lasówka, which begins below the Hummel Pass between Lewin Kłodzki and Duszniki-Zdrój and leads to Międzylesie .

history

Kaiserswalde emerged from 1662 on imperial forest land and belonged to the Habelschwerdt district in the county of Glatz , with which it shared the history of its political and ecclesiastical affiliation. It was founded by the glassmaker Adam Paul Peterhansel , who had owned the glassworks in the neighboring Bohemian Friedrichswald since 1652 , which lies on the right bank of the Wild Adler. From 1657 onwards, Peterhansel negotiated with the Glatzer royal chamber to acquire a forest area on the left bank of the Wilder Adler, which belonged to the County of Glatz. The sale came about in 1662, the corresponding contract was signed by the Governor of Glatz, Johann Georg von Götzen , and confirmed by Emperor Leopold I in his capacity as King of Bohemia. On the acquired property, Peterhansel built a glassworks and a small Vorwerk as well as other houses. The entire estate was given the rights of a free judge. This included the settlement of craftsmen as well as gardeners and cottagers , the lower jurisdiction , the hunting law, the serving of wine and beer, among others

After Adam Paul Peterhansel's death in 1693, the estate was inherited by his son Franz Ferdinand Peterhansel. He built a chapel in 1699 with the permission of the Prague Consistory , for which he hired a clergyman. Around 1700 he moved the Friedrichswald glassworks to Kaiserswalde. In 1710 he was raised to the bohemian knighthood with the predicate "von Retzburg" . In 1720 he transferred the debt to his son Franz Anton Peterhansel von Retzburg, who however died in August 1728 at the age of 40. A few weeks earlier, Kaiserswalde, because of over-indebtedness, came with all rights and subjects to the imperial general Franz Paul von Wallis , who linked it with his rule Plomnitz . After his death around 1737 his possessions passed to his brother, the imperial general Georg Olivier von Wallis .

After the First Silesian War in 1742 and finally with the Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763, Kaiserswalde came to Prussia together with the County of Glatz . Georg Olivier's son Olivier Stephan von Wallis sold part of the Kaiserwalder Vorwerk as colonists and cottagers in 1768/69. He sold the rest of the estate together with his other possessions in the County of Glatz in 1783 to Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf on Hassitz and Stolz . This sold Kaiserswalde with Plomnitz as well as the rule Seitenberg to Franz Bernhard von Mutius on Altwasser and Gellenau , who sold Plomnitz with Kaiserswalde to Friedrich Traugott von Sack. From this, in 1794 the general tenant of the Grafenort Majorate , Amtsrat Franz Hoffmann, acquired the place Kaiserswalde and sold it in 1801 to the leaseholder of the glassworks, Johann Christoph Rohrbach .

After the reorganization of Prussia, Kaiserswalde belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was initially incorporated into the district of Glatz. In 1818 it was reclassified to the district of Habelschwerdt , with which it remained connected until 1945. Evidence for the beginning of the 19th century: a flour mill and 36 colonists, gardeners and cottagers . The then 290 inhabitants included a butcher, a blacksmith, a baker and a shoemaker.

After the death of Johann Christoph Rohrbach, the Kaiserswalde estate came into possession in 1818 through the marriage of his widow Elisabeth to the glass manufacturer August Hatscher. He sold the estate on February 2, 1843 to the industrialist Hermann Dietrich Lindheim in Eisersdorf . After further changes of ownership, Kaiserswalde came in 1853 to the tenant of the glass factory, Gustav Pangratz, and later to Carl Pangratz († 1893). From 1874, together with Friedrichsgrund and Stuhlseiffen , Kaiserswalde belonged to the newly established district of Langenbrück. In addition to glass production, flax spinning and weaving were of economic importance, which fell sharply in the mid-19th century due to a lack of demand. It was replaced by a match factory that the blacksmith Ferdinand Wenzel founded in Kaiserswalde in 1845. In 1869 41 people were employed in it, in 1904 the company was closed. Subsequently, the production of wooden and paper boxes, which were made by home workers, gained importance. In addition, Kaiserswalde developed into a popular summer resort and winter sports location from the end of the 19th century. In 1939 there were 640 inhabitants.

As a result of the Second World War , Kaiserswalde fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was renamed Lasówka . The German population was expelled . Some of the new residents were displaced from eastern Poland . Since numerous houses and farms were left to decay in the post-war years, the population fell significantly and was less than 100 inhabitants in the 1990s. Since 1945 Lasowka belonged to Powiat Bystrzycki, in 1975, as well as the hitherto competent Province Wroclaw ( Breslau was) dissolved. In 1975 it came to the newly formed Wałbrzych Voivodeship ( Waldenburg ), which existed until 1998.

Königswalde Colony

The Königswalde colony belonged to the Bohemian parish of Kronstadt until 1780 and then to the newly built parish church in Langenbrück . Politically, it initially belonged to the municipality of Grunwald in the district of Glatz . Because of its geographical proximity to Kaiserswalde, it was added to the municipality of Kaiserswalde and thus the district of Habelschwerdt in 1896 . After the transition to Poland in 1945, Königswalde was renamed Królewski Las .

Church conditions

Kaiserswalde was first parish off to Habelschwerdt and dedicated to the branch church of Voigtsdorf . Because of the long distance it was added to the newly established parish of Kronstadt in Bohemia ( Kunštát ) in 1700 . After the county of Glatz fell to Prussia in 1763 , the parish boundaries were also adjusted to the political borders in 1780 on the instructions of the Prussian King Friedrich II . Together with the Glatz localities of Langenbrück , Königswalde and Friedrichsgrund , Kaiserswalde was separated from the Kronstadt parish church in 1780 and a parish church was built in Langenbrück for these villages in 1781–1782. The church building was financed from contributions from the four dominions and one state collective . The inauguration by the dean Karl Winter, who officiated as pastor in Mittelwalde, took place on December 15, 1782. The first pastor of the newly established parish of Langenbruck was Joseph Beschorner from Mittelwalde. The regulation of the parish boundaries also resulted in a change of diocesan membership: While the four villages belonged to the diocese of Königgrätz until 1780 because they belonged to Kronstadt , with the establishment of the parish of Langenbrück they came to the Glatzer deanery and thus to the archbishopric of Prague . Kaiserswalde, Friedrichsgrund and Königswald belonged to the parish of Langenbrück in 1857. Today Lasówka is part of the parish of St. Francis and Leonhardus in Duszniki-Zdrój ( Bad Reinerz ).

Glass manufacturing

The glassworks founded by Ferdinand von Peterhansel in 1662 remained with his descendants until 1728. In 1768 it was leased from Olivier Stephan von Wallis to Ignaz Rohrbach, who founded another glassworks in neighboring Friedrichsgrund . After his death in 1792, the Kaiserswalder Glashütte was taken over by his brother Johann Christoph Rohrbach, who in 1801 acquired both the glassworks and the estate. The glassworks was rebuilt in 1812, and in 1820 it employed 37 people. In 1840, the glass melting furnace was converted by Bohemian experts. In 1870 a large factory chimney was added to the facility. Two years later, a second glass furnace with a chimney was built. After a fire in 1894, the glassworks was rebuilt that same year. After numerous changes of ownership, the glassworks came to the company Pangratz & Co., which employed almost 300 people at the end of the 1930s.

In addition to table and utility glass, high-quality crystal glass was also produced, which was decorated with artistically high-quality ornamentation. From the end of the 1920s, the well-known glass engraver Konrad Tag , who headed the department for glass finishing techniques, worked at the Kaiserswalder Glashütte .

The craft of reverse glass painting with religious motifs was widespread in Kaiserswalde until the 1870s . The paintings were mainly sold at the pilgrimage sites.

Attractions

  • The St. The branch church consecrated to Antonius was built in 1912 by the builder Paul Blau from Lewin .
  • Foundations of the former glass furnaces and glass mills.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Glashütte Kaiserswalde, Pangratz & Co. In: Documents of modern arts and crafts, Volume 1 . Publishing house of the Dokument des Modernes Kunstgewerbes, 1902, p. 151 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ Langenbrück death register 1893/18 p. 44
  3. ↑ Dr. Eduard Ludwig Wedekind: History of the county Glatz. Chronicle of the cities, towns, villages, colonies, castles, etc. of this sovereign county from the earliest past to the present . Friedr. Wilh. Fischer, Neurode 1855, p. 696 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ↑ Heinrich Bernhard