Oscar D. Ratnoff
Oscar Davis Ratnoff (born August 23, 1916 in Manhattan , New York City , † May 20, 2008 in Cleveland ) was an American hematologist . He is best known for his contributions to the elucidation of the blood coagulation cascade .
Live and act
Ratnoff's father was a general practitioner in New York City. Oscar Ratnoff studied medicine at Columbia University , graduating with an MD (1939). After completing his specialist training and military service, he initially taught at Johns Hopkins University before moving to Case Western Reserve University in 1950 , where he remained until his retirement in the late 1990s.
Ratnoff published 302 scientific publications . In 1955 he described the lack of Hageman factor (factor XII) and began to elucidate the mechanisms through which contact with certain surfaces induces blood clotting. Ratnoff initiated studies of the complement system and described the complement factor C1 as an enzyme . He realized that blood coagulation, fibrinolysis , the formation of kinins and the complement system are closely interwoven, which his studies of Prekallikrein (Fletcher factor) and high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK, Fitzgerald factor) confirmed. Together with Earl Davie , he proposed the model of a waterfall ("cascade") of blood clotting. In the early 1970s, he and Ted Zimmerman developed an immunoassay to distinguish between classic haemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) and Willebrand-Jürgens syndrome . In the early 1980s he was among the first to observe immunological abnormalities and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in patients treated with factor VIII concentrates and predicted the risk of contamination of these concentrates with an infectious agent later identified as HIV . In order to minimize the risk of infections at an early stage, the use of promoted Ratnoff cryoprecipitate (from fresh frozen plasma ) instead of pooled blood donations for the production of preparations for the treatment of coagulation disorders.
Ratnoff was a member of the International Committee on Nomenclature of Blood Coagulation Factors , which systematically classified the coagulation factors and from which the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis emerged .
Ratnoff was married and had two children.
Awards (selection)
- 1972 Henry M. Stratton Lecture
- 1975 President of the American Society of Hematology
- 1976 member of the National Academy of Sciences
- 1985 Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal
- 1985 George M. Kober Lectureship
- 1988 George M. Kober Medal
literature
- Stanton L. Gerson, Nathan A. Berger: Oscar D. Ratnoff: Champion of Clotting. In: hematology.org. January 1, 2008, accessed November 4, 2016 .
- Jeremy Pearce: Oscar Ratnoff, 91, Expert on Blood Clots, Is Dead. In: nytimes.com. June 6, 2008, accessed November 4, 2016 .
- Alvin H. Schmaier, Stanton L. Gerson: Oscar D. Ratnoff, MD (1916-2008). In: hematology.org. July 1, 2008, accessed November 4, 2016 .
- H. Saito, V. Donaldson: A tribute to Dr Oscar Ratnoff (1916-2008). In: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 6, 2008, S. 2004, doi : 10.1111 / j.1538-7836.2008.03131.x .
Individual evidence
- ^ Henry M. Stratton Medal Recipients (Formerly Lecture). In: hematology.org. Retrieved November 4, 2016 .
- ^ Past Presidents. In: hematology.org. Retrieved November 4, 2016 .
- ↑ Oscar Ratnoff. In: nasonline.org. Retrieved November 4, 2016 .
- ↑ Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal. In: nasonline.org. Retrieved November 4, 2016 .
- ↑ a b George M. Kober Medal and Lectureship. In: aap-online.org. Retrieved November 4, 2016 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ratnoff, Oscar D. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ratnoff, Oscar; Ratnoff, Oscar Davis |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American hematologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 23, 1916 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | New York City |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 20, 2008 |
| Place of death | Cleveland |