Otto Vollmer

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Karl Otto Vollmer (born November 1, 1894 in Neckargartach ; † May 6, 1978 in Kempten (Allgäu) ) was a politician ( KPD ) and trade unionist . He was a member of the Landtag of the Free People's State of Württemberg .

Life

Otto Vollmer was the son of the bricklayer Johann Georg Vollmer (1857-1918) and his wife Johanne Katherine Schick (1849-1927). He had five siblings and was baptized Protestant. After attending primary school, Vollmer learned the trade of iron turner at the NSU engine works in Neckarsulm . He then worked there in this profession. In 1910 he joined the Socialist Workers' Youth and in 1913 the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). From 1914 to 1916 he headed the local youth workers in Neckarsulm.

In 1914 he was one of the war opponents in the party. From 1916 to 1918 he served as a soldier on the Western Front . In 1918 he joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD). Vollmer was a delegate of the USPD at the unification party congress in Berlin in December 1920 and became a member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD).

From 1918 to 1922 Vollmer worked as a lathe operator in the NSU factories and was also a works council there. In 1922 he was elected managing director of the German Metalworkers' Association , Heilbronn Paying Agency. In the same year he became head of the KPD sub-district Heilbronn. From 1924 he was party secretary responsible for union work and a member of the Württemberg district leadership of the KPD. Vollmer was elected to the Württemberg state parliament on May 20, 1928 for the KPD in the Heilbronn-Neckarsulm electoral association. He belonged to it until 1933 and was chairman of the legal committee from 1928 to 1932, deputy parliamentary group chairman from 1932 to 1933 and member of the administrative and economic committee.

From 1929 to 1933 Vollmer was party secretary of the KPD in Stuttgart and served as district leader of the Revolutionary Trade Union Opposition (RGO) for Württemberg. In 1933 he was the 2nd authorized representative of the Heilbronn administrative office at the German Metalworkers Association. On December 11, 1932, Vollmer ran for the mayoral election in Schwäbisch Gmünd and was defeated by the incumbent Karl Lüllig with 1890 to 5429 votes .

After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists , the SA stormed the Heilbronn trade union houses on May 2, 1933. Vollmer was temporarily taken into “ protective custody ” and then emigrated to Switzerland , where he was supported by the Red Aid . In September 1934, however, he returned to Germany with the approval of the Württemberg Political Police Office and lived in Weinsberg in 1934/35 , and in Heilbronn from 1935 . First he was unemployed, then he was a laborer in the construction of motorways and in various metalworking companies. He was refused a job in the profession he had learned. At this time Vollmer had contacts with the resistance group around Wilhelm Leuschner . After the assassination attempt on Hitler on July 20, 1944 , he was arrested on August 22, 1944 as part of the " Operation Grid " and taken to the Dachau concentration camp , where he was held until October 2, 1944 as inmate No. 93.065.

After the war ended in 1945, he rejoined the KPD. As a secretary, he played a key role in the rebuilding of the unions in Heilbronn (October 1945: Chairman of the Heilbronn Trade Union Federation, November 25, 1945: 1st authorized representative of the Metal Industry Group ) and then head of the legal department at the Heilbronn Labor Court . From November 1946 he acted as chairman of the Heilbronn Labor Court and was later appointed to the Labor Court Councilor. From 1952 until his retirement in 1955 he worked at the labor court in Göppingen . He continued to live in Heilbronn until 1963 and then moved to Waltenhofen .

literature

  • Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933 . Volume I: Politics, Economy, Public Life . Saur, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-598-10087-6 , p. 785.
  • Siegfried Mielke (edit.): Sources on the history of the German trade union movement in the 20th century . Vol. 6 .: Organizational structure of the trade unions 1945–1949 . Dietz, Bonn 1987, ISBN 3-7663-0906-4 , p. 607.
  • Markus Dieterich: It can cost us our heads. Anti-fascism and resistance in Heilbronn 1930–1939. Distel-Verlag, Heilbronn 1992, ISBN 3-923208-35-9 .
  • Susanne Stickel-Pieper (arrangement): Trau! Look! Whom? Documents on the history of the labor movement in the Heilbronn / Neckarsulm area 1844–1949 . Distel-Verlag, Heilbronn 1994, ISBN 3-929348-09-8 , in the book ISBN 3-923348-09-8 .
  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 958 .
  • Vollmer, Otto . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst (ed.): German communists. Biographical Handbook 1918 to 1945 . 2nd revised and greatly expanded edition. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 , p. 973.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dieterich , p. 208
  2. ^ Werner Müller: Wage struggle, mass strike, Soviet power. Aims and limits of the "Revolutionary Trade Union Opposition" (RGO) in Germany from 1928 to 1933 . Bund-Verlag, Cologne 1988, ISBN 3-7663-3063-2 , p. 75.
  3. ↑ a b Dieterich , p. 19
  4. ↑ Dieterich , pp. 55-56
  5. ↑ Stickel-Pieper , p. 381
  6. ↑ Stickel-Pieper , p. 485
personal data
SURNAME Vollmer, Otto
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vollmer, Karl Otto (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD), trade unionist, MdL Württemberg
DATE OF BIRTH November 1, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Neckargartach
DATE OF DEATH May 6, 1978
Place of death Kempten (Allgäu)