Otto von Ritter zu Groenesteyn

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Otto Johannes Joseph Wilhelm Berthold, Freiherr von Ritter zu Groenesteyn (until 1921: zu Grünstein ; born August 23, 1864 in Starnberg ; † January 1, 1940 in Munich ) was a Bavarian diplomat .

Coat of arms of the barons von Ritter zu Grünstein: Alliance coat of arms of the de Ridder and van Groenesteyn families

origin

Parental alliance coat of arms of Ritter-Grünstein-Preen (⚭ 1861) at Groenesteyn Castle near Kiedrich

Otto von Ritter zu Groenesteyn was the son of Marie von Preen (born January 10, 1843 - † November 26, 1922), lady of honor of the royal Bavarian Order of Theresa, and Carl Adolph Friedrich Constantin Philipp, Freiherr von Ritter zu Grünstein (* 3. June 1830; † March 14, 1895), royal Bavarian chamberlain . The Bavarian ambassador to Paris , Lothar von Ritter zu Grünstein (1868–1945), was Otto's brother. In 1921 Lothar also adopted the older spelling of the name component, "Groenesteyn" instead of "Grünstein".

Otto married Caroline Adolphine, Countess von Holnstein from Bavaria (born January 29, 1870, † 1915) and studied law . After the death of his first wife, he married Theda von Meyer (1898–1994) in 1917 in Hannover-Kleefeld. The daughter Maximiliane (* 1890) married the bacteriologist Hermann Dürck . The son Elmar Freiherr von Ritter zu Groenesteyn (* 1920) married Pia Freiin Riederer von Paar (1926–1997) in 1948 . In 1995, he handed over his father's written estate to the Bavarian Main State Archives.

Life

In 1887 he was a ministerial trainee in the Bavarian State Ministry of the Royal House and Foreign Affairs . In 1889 he was an attaché at the Bavarian representation at the court of Wilhelm II of the German Empire . In 1898 he was the legation secretary in Rome . From 1903 to 1907 he was Minister Resident in Bern . From 1907 to 1908 he was ambassador and minister plenipotentiary at the court of Württemberg in Stuttgart and was at the courts in Karlsruhe and Darmstadt accredited. From 1909 he was envoy extraordinary and ministre plénipotentiaire to the Holy See , from 1920 to 1934 envoy and plenipotentiary minister to the Holy See, based in Lugano . He was also a Bavarian Chamberlain and Councilor of State.

On July 24, 1914, he had an audience with Pius X , from which he reported in a telegram. From April 17 to 20, 1919 René Payot was in Munich and received a copy of the telegram from Felix Fechenbach , which he reported on April 30, 1919 in the Journal des débats :

"Le pape et l'agression against the Serbie N. René Payot publie dans le Journal une série de documents quí precise une fois de plus les intentions agressives de l'Allemagne. Parmi les pièces que lui a remises M. Ferenbach, l'ancien secrétaire particulier de Kurt Eisner , figure une dépêche du 24 juillet 1914 du baron Ritter, ministre de Baviêre auprès du Saint-Siège, dépêche trouvé dans les archives du ministère des affaires ètrangeres ètr bavarois et dont voici le texte: Le pape (Pie X) approuve une action énergique de l'Autriche contre la Serbie. Karsek éspère que cette fois l'Autriche tiendra le coup. Il se demande quand elle pourrait faire 1a guerre, si elle n'était pas meme resolue a repousser par les armes une agitation étrangère qui a amené le meurtre de l'archiduc et qui, en égared à la situation actuelle de l'Autriche, met de danger son existence. In ces declaration se release the crainte de la Curie romaine à l'égard du panslavisme. Signé Ritter "

Otto von Ritter zu Groenesteyn is known as the last Bavarian envoy. The abolition of the last Bavarian embassy and his resignation from the diplomatic service on May 30, 1934 were the result of the law on the reconstruction of the Reich , which consistently continued the policy of conformity .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pius Dirr : Bavarian documents on the outbreak of war and the Versailles guilty verdict , 3rd, expanded edition 1925, p. 258.
  2. ↑ "Ritter zu Grünstein, Lothar Franz Philipp Idolar Freiherr von", in: Hessische Biografie < https://www.lagis-hessen.de/pnd/1011643847 > (as of July 2, 2019)
  3. ↑ Master sheet Otto Ritter zu Groenesteyn
  4. ^ Directorate of the Bavarian State Archives: Estate of Otto von Ritter zu Groenesteyn
  5. ^ Fritz Bauer , Die Humanität der Rechtsordnung: selected writings, p. 404
  6. ↑ Journal des débats , April 30, 1919, Le pape et l'agression contre la Serbie , p. 2 bottom left.
  7. ↑ Ed .: Jörg Zedler, The Holy See in International Relations 1870-1939, pp. 175 ff., Federal Archives , [1]
  8. ^ Jörg Zedler: Bavaria and the Vatican. A political biography of the last Bavarian envoy to the Holy See Otto von Ritter (1909-1934) , Ferdinand Schöningh , Paderborn, 2013
predecessor Office successor
Eduard of Montgelas Bavarian Minister-Resident in Switzerland from
1903 to 1907 		Gottfried von Bohm
Carl Johann Friedrich von Niethammer Bavarian envoy in Württemberg
1907 to 1908 		Karl Moy de Sons
Georg von und zu Guttenberg Bavarian envoy to the Holy See
1909 to 1934 		Office dissolved
personal data
SURNAME Knight of Groenesteyn, Otto von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ritter zu Groenesteyn, Otto Johannes Joseph Wilhelm Berthold Freiherr von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bavarian diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH 23 August 1864
PLACE OF BIRTH Starnberg
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1940
Place of death Munich