Pachnoda
| Pachnoda | ||||||||||||
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Congo rose beetle ( Pachnoda marginata peregrina ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pachnoda | ||||||||||||
| Burmeister , 1842 |
Pachnoda is a genus from the subfamily of the rose beetles (Cetoniinae). Over a hundred species are currently known. The best known is probably the Congo rose beetle ( Pachnoda marginata ), which enthusiasts like to keep in terrariums.
Occurrence and distribution
The species of the genus Pachnoda can be found all over Africa. Some of them are native to an astonishingly large area. The Congo rose beetle ( Pachnoda marginata ) can be found in various subspecies throughout tropical Africa. Some representatives are very common in their homeland, which is due to the frugal larvae. Legrand found larvae of Pachnoda ephippiata even in garden waste, piles of leaves and even in humus deposits from uncleaned gutters. Pachnoda sinuata even follows humans into newly populated areas.
Way of life
Many species are typical savanna dwellers . Some take a diapause when it is extremely dry . The last larval stage in the cocoon , which is already made of soil and a special secretion, lasts for periods of four to six months. In order for pupation to occur, it is often necessary to increase the humidity of the surrounding substrate.
The adults feed mainly on flowers of various herbaceous plants and shrubs, including acacias and sugar bushes . All accessible fruits (even unripe ones) belong to the food spectrum.
Species and subspecies
The validity or the status of the species and subspecies listed below is partly controversial:
- Pachnoda abyssinica Blanchard , 1842
- Pachnoda acutipennis Kolbe , 1914
- Pachnoda adelpha Kolbe , 1914
- Pachnoda aemula Bourgoin , 1919
- Pachnoda albini Bourgoin , 1921
- Pachnoda allardi Ruter , 1969
- Pachnoda alluaudi Bourgoin , 1913
-
Pachnoda ardoini ardoini Ruter , 1978
- Pachnoda ardoini lydiae Rigout , 1986
- Pachnoda arrowi arrowi Bourgoin , 1913
- Pachnoda arrowi cludtsi Rigout , 1986
- Pachnoda arrowi kivuensis Rigout , 1986
- Pachnoda basilewskyi Ruter , 1953
- Pachnoda bax ( Gory & Percheron , 1833)
- Pachnoda berliozi Rigout , 1980
- Pachnoda bourgeoni Moser , 1924
- Pachnoda bourgoini Burgeon , 1931
- Pachnoda bousqueti Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda bukobensis Moser , 1914
- Pachnoda chionopleura Fairmaire , 1884
-
Pachnoda cincticollis cincticollis Moser , 1914
- Pachnoda cincticollis nigricans Rigout , 1985
- Pachnoda collinsi Rigout , 1985
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Pachnoda concolor concolor Schürhoff , 1938
- Pachnoda concolor schuerhoffi Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda concolor teocchii Ruter , 1969
- Pachnoda congoensis Moser , 1914
- Pachnoda coolsi Rigout , 1984
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Pachnoda cordata cordata ( Drury , 1773)
- Pachnoda cordata camerounensis Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda cordata dahomeyana Rigout , 1985
- Pachnoda cordata obsoleta foam , 1844
- Pachnoda cordata tigris ( autumn , 1790)
- Pachnoda cordata villiersi Ruter , 1953
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Pachnoda crassa crassa foam , 1848
- Pachnoda crassa discoidalis Moser , 1910
- Pachnoda crassa fairmairei Raffray , 1877
- Pachnoda crinita Schürhoff , 1938
- Pachnoda dargei Rigout , 1986
- Pachnoda dechambrei Rigout , 1986
- Pachnoda demoulini RIGOUT , 1978
- Pachnoda denuttae Ruter , 1972
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Pachnoda dimidiaticollis dimidiaticollis Moser , 1915
- Pachnoda dimidiaticollis rubilateris Ruter , 1958
- Pachnoda dimidiaticollis undatofasciata Ruter , 1958
- Pachnoda dimidiaticollis uniformis Ruter , 1958
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Pachnoda discolor discolor Kolbe , 1895
- Pachnoda discolor kolbei Schürhoff , 1938
- Pachnoda divisa Gerstaecker , 1884
- Pachnoda durandi Ruter , 1958
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Pachnoda elegantissima Csiki , 1909
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Pachnoda ephippiata ephippiata Gerstaecker , 1867
- Pachnoda ephippiata franceoisis Basilewsky , 1955
- Pachnoda ephippiata falkei Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda fasciata ( Fabricius , 1775)
- Pachnoda fedierei Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda fissipuncta Kraatz , 1885
- Pachnoda fromenti Rigout , 1981
- Pachnoda frontalis ( Harold , 1878)
- Pachnoda helleri Moser , 1910
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Pachnoda histrio histrio ( Fabricius , 1775)
- Pachnoda histrio ukambanii ( Pouillaude , 1914)
- Pachnoda histrioides ( Pouillaude , 1914)
- Pachnoda inscripta ( Gory & Percheron , 1833)
- Pachnoda interrupta ( Olivier , 1789)
- Pachnoda jokoensis Moser , 1915
- Pachnoda katangensis Burgeon , 1931
- Pachnoda kiellandi Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda knirschi Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda kordofana Moser , 1914
- Pachnoda kühbandneri Beinhundner , 1997
- Pachnoda kustai Nonfried , 1892
- Pachnoda lamottei Ruter , 1954
- Pachnoda lateristicta Kolbe , 1910
- Pachnoda leclercqi Rigout , 1985
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Pachnoda Leonina Leonina Schoch , 1896
- Pachnoda leonina flavomarginata Moser , 1908
- Pachnoda leonina lobayensis Preiss , 1933
- Pachnoda leonina schoutedeni Moser , 1918
- Pachnoda leopoldiana Burgeon , 1931
- Pachnoda lerui Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda lequeuxi Rigout , 1979
- Pachnoda limbata ( Fabricius , 1775)
- Pachnoda maculipennis Moser , 1918
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Pachnoda madaraszi madaraszi Csiki , 1909
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Pachnoda madaraszi ryani Rigout , 1989
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Pachnoda madaraszi ryani Rigout , 1989
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Congo rose chafer ( Pachnoda marginata marginata ) ( Drury , 1773)
- Pachnoda marginata aurantia ( autumn , 1790)
- Pachnoda marginata cerandi Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda marginata fernandezi Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda marginata mirei Ruter , 1963
- Pachnoda marginata murielei Rigout , 1986
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Pachnoda marginata peregrina Kolbe , 1906
( Syn. Pachnoda butana Schurhoff , 1938) - Pachnoda marginata tunisiensis Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda mastrucata Gerstaecker , 1884
- Pachnoda meloui Bourgoin , 1915
- Pachnoda nigritarsis Harold , 1880
- Pachnoda nigroplagiata Kraatz , 1900
- Pachnoda nutricia Rigout , 1980
- Pachnoda onorei Rigout , 1980
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Pachnoda orphanula orphanula ( autumn , 1790)
- Pachnoda orphanula dimidiata Moser , 1914
- Pachnoda orphanula legrosi Ruter , 1963
- Pachnoda orphanula morerei Ruter , 1963
- Pachnoda orphanula nachtigali Kraatz , 1885
- Pachnoda pendemi Schürhoff , 1938
- Pachnoda picturata Boheman , 1860
- Pachnoda poggei ( Harold , 1878)
- Pachnoda polita Blanchard , 1842
- Pachnoda postica ( Gory & Percheron , 1833)
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Pachnoda postmedia postmedia Moser , 1915
- Pachnoda postmedia austera De Lisle , 1947
- Pachnoda praecellens praecellens Moser , 1908
- Pachnoda praecellens mateui Rigout , 1980
- Pachnoda praecellens patricia De Lisle , 1947
- Pachnoda prasina Karsch , 1881
- Pachnoda rectangularis Vuillet , 1911
- Pachnoda rougemonti Rigout , 1984
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Pachnoda rubriventris rubriventris Moser , 1910
- Pachnoda rubriventris propinqua Ruter , 1958
- Pachnoda rubriventris rubrocinctoides Ruter , 1958
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Pachnoda rubrocincta Hope , 1847
Pachnoda sinuata flaviventris - Pachnoda rufa ( De Geer , 1778)
- Pachnoda rufomarginata Burmeister , 1842
- Pachnoda rwandana Rigout , 1984
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Pachnoda savigny savigny ( Gory & Percheron , 1833)
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Pachnoda savigny consentanea foam , 1844
(or Pachnoda consentanea foam , 1844)
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Pachnoda savigny consentanea foam , 1844
- Pachnoda sciencesnati Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda semiflava Kraatz , 1900
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South African fruit beetle ( Pachnoda sinuata sinuata ) ( Fabricius , 1775)
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Pachnoda sinuata calceata Harold , 1878
(or Pachnoda calceata Harold , 1878) -
Pachnoda sinuata flaviventris ( Gory & Percheron , 1833)
(or Pachnoda flaviventris ( Gory & Percheron , 1833)) - Pachnoda sinuata machadoi Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda sinuata nicolae Rigout , 1986
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Pachnoda sinuata calceata Harold , 1878
- Pachnoda sjoestedti Moser , 1921
- Pachnoda spinipennis Moser , 1914
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Pachnoda stelini stelini ( foam , 1841)
- Pachnodastehelini tessari Knirsch , 1944
- Pachnoda tessmanni Schürhoff , 1938
- Pachnoda thoracica ( Fabricius , 1775)
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Pachnoda tridentata tridentata ( Olivier , 1789)
- Pachnoda tridentata diabolica De Lisle , 1947
- Pachnoda tridentata lachaumei Rigout , 1989
- Pachnoda tridentata moseri Schürhoff , 1935
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Pachnoda trimaculata trimaculata Kraatz , 1885
- Pachnoda trimaculata turlini Rigout , 1979
- Pachnoda tshikambai Rigout , 1984
- Pachnoda uelensis Burgeon , 1931
- Pachnoda upangwana Moser , 1918
- Pachnoda vethi Lansberge , 1886
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Pachnoda viridana viridana Blanchard , 1850
- Pachnoda viridana collarti Burgeon , 1931
- Pachnoda viridana ituriensis Burgeon , 1931
- Pachnoda viridana rufipes Kraatz , 1896
- Pachnoda viridiflua Kraatz , 1900
- Pachnoda vitticollis Moser , 1914
-
Pachnoda vossi vossi Kolbe , 1892
- Pachnoda vossi hyalina Kolbe , 1906
- Pachnoda vuilleti Burgeon , 1914
- Pachnoda watulegei Rigout , 1981
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b www.flower-beetles.com - engl. Rose beetle page
- ↑ a b c d Arndt Löwenberg: Exotic beetles, care and breeding of rose and giant beetles in the terrarium , bede, Ruhmannsfelden 1999. ISBN 3-933646-44-8
- ^ JP Legrand: Notes on biologie et l′écologie de deux cétoines du Kenya Genyodonta interrupta Bourgin et Pachnoda ephippiata Gerstaecker . Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat 51, 16-17, 1986
- ↑ E. Holm & E. Marais: Fruit chafers of southern Africa (Scarabaeidae: Cetoniidae) . Pretoria 1992.
- ↑ a b c www.hier-krabbelts.de ( Memento of the original from June 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Catalog of African rose beetles
Web links
Commons : Pachnoda - collection of images, videos and audio files
