Titmice
| Titmice | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Great tit ( Parus major ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Paridae | ||||||||||||
| Vigors , 1825 |
The tits (Paridae) are a family in the order of the passerine birds (Passeriformes), subordination songbirds (Passeri).
The systematic classification is the subject of ongoing scientific discussions. According to more recent taxonomy based on genetic studies, the species-rich genus Parus is divided into several genera. The bag tits (Remizidae) and the tailed tits (Aegithalidae) are regarded as independent families. According to the classification given here, the family includes 51 species .
distribution
Tits are found in the northern hemisphere and Africa .
Way of life
The tits are mainly species that live in tree-rich habitats . They are small and stocky and have powerful bills. As skilled climbers, they mainly get their food in the woods . They are adaptable animals that live mainly on insects and seeds . Many species live near human settlements and are happy to accept food from humans. They are cave breeders and mostly resident birds . In winter, they often form mixed groups.
Brood care
They like to breed near or in fruit trees, using the insects or their larvae (maggots) found there as food for the brood.
Internal system
-
Poecile
- Black tit , Balkan tit ( Poecile lugubris )
- Marsh tit ( Poecile palustris )
- Black- necked tit ( Poecile hypermelaenus )
- Mountain Tit ( Poecile hyrcana )
- Willow tit , monk tit ( Poecile montana )
- Chinese willow tit ( Poecile songarus )
- Carolina ant ( Poecile carolinensis )
- Black- capped Chickadee ( Poecile atricapilla )
- Gambelmeise ( Poecile gambeli )
- Gray-flanked tit ( Poecile sclateri )
- White- browed tit ( Poecile superciliosa )
- Red-backed tit ( Poecile rufescens )
- Hudson's tit ( Poecile hudsonica )
- Lapland tit ( Poecile cincta )
- Tit of David ( Poecile davidi )
- Weigoldicus willow tit ( Poecile weigoldicus )
-
Periparus
- Coal Tit ( Periparus ater )
- Spruce Meise ( Periparus rufonuchalis )
- Red-breasted tit ( Periparus rubidiventris )
- Black crested tit ( Periparus melanolophus )
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Pardaliparus
- Jewelery Meise ( Periparus venustulus ) or ( Pardaliparus venustulus )
- Panther tit ( Periparus elegans ) or ( Pardaliparus elegans )
- Meise hood ( Periparus amabilis ) or ( Pardaliparus amabilis )
-
Lophophanes
- Crested tit ( Lophophanes cristatus )
- Birch tit , gray crested tit ( Lophophanes dichrous )
-
Melaniparus
- Guinea tit ( Parus guineensis ) or ( Melaniparus guineensis )
- Ruinous tit ( Melaniparus leucomelas ) or ( Parus leucomelas )
- Black tit ( Melaniparus niger )
- White-bellied tit ( Parus albiventris )
- White-backed tit ( Melaniparus leuconotus ) or ( Parus leuconotus )
- Monochrome tit ( Melaniparus funereus ) or ( Parus funereus )
- Rust-bellied tit ( Melaniparus rufiventris ) or ( Parus rufiventris )
- Zimtbauchmeise ( Parus pallidiventris ) or ( Melaniparus pallidiventris )
- Rust-throated tit ( Melaniparus fringillinus ) or ( Parus fringillinus )
- Black-breasted tit ( Melaniparus fasciiventer ) or ( Parus fasciiventer )
- Somali tit ( Melaniparus thruppi ) or ( Parus thruppi )
- Gray- bellied tit ( Melaniparus griseiventris ) or ( Parus griseiventris )
- Acacia tit ( Melaniparus cinerascens ) or ( Parus cinerascens )
- Cape tit ( Parus afer )
-
Parus
- Great tit ( Parus major )
- Japanese tit ( Parus minor )
- Parus cinereus
- Great Great Tit ( Parus monticolus )
- White-winged tit ( Parus nuchalis )
- Crowned Tit ( Parus xanthogenys )
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Pseudopodoces
- Ground tit , tit cave, Hähermeise ( Pseudopodoces humilis ) - (long been a jay held)
-
Macholophus
- Taiwan Meise ( Macholophus Holsti , Syn. : Parus Holsti )
- King Tit ( Machlolophus spilonotus )
-
Cyanistes
- Blue tit ( Cyanistes caeruleus )
- Canary tit ( Cyanistes teneriffae ) - was classically considered conspecific, i.e. H. belonging to the same species, considered to be the blue tit
- Lasurmeise ( Cyanistes cyanus )
- Yellow-breasted tit ( Cyanistes flavipectus ) - usually considered a subspecies of the glaucous tit
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Sittiparus
- White- fronted tit ( Sittiparus semilarvatus ) or ( Cyanistes semilarvatus )
- Varied tit ( Sittiparus varius ) or ( poecile varius )
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Baeolophus
- Bridle tit ( Baeolophus wollweberi )
- Schlicht Meise ( Baeolophus inornatus )
- Juniper Meise ( Baeolophus ridgwayi )
- Indianermeise ( Baeolophus bicolor )
- Black- hooded tit ( Baeolophus atricristatus )
-
Sylviparus
- Tree tit ( Sylviparus modestus )
-
Melanochlora
- Sultan tit ( Melanochlora sultanea )
See also
Web links
- To classify the genera. In: ornitaxa.com
- The titmouse's sophisticated warning system. In: Wissenschaft.de
literature
- Hans Löhrl: The crested tit . Ziemsen, Wittenberg Lutherstadt 1991, ISBN 3-7403-0251-8 .
- Roger T. Peterson, Guy Mountfort, Philip AD Hollom: The Birds of Europe. 15th, revised edition. Blackwell, 2002, ISBN 3-8263-8526-8 .
- Andreas Tjernshaugen : The hidden life of the tits . Translated from Norwegian by Paul Berf . Insel, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-458-17723-4 .