Pawel Wassiljewitsch Engelhardt

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Pawel Engelhardt; Watercolor by Taras Shevchenko 1833, Taras Shevchenko National Museum , Kiev

Pavel Vasilyevich Engelhardt ( Russian Павел Васильевич Энгельгардт Pavel Vasilyevich Engelgardt , Ukrainian Павло Васильович Енгельгардт Pawlo Wassyljowytsch Enhelhardt * February 5 jul. / 16th February  1798 greg. In Kirillovka , Kiev Governorate , Russian Empire ; † December 15 jul. / 27 December  1849 greg. , Saint Petersburg , Russian Empire) was a Russian landowner and officer from the German-Baltic noble Engelhardt family . He is best known as the landlord of the serf Ukrainian poet and painter Taras Shevchenko .

Life

Pawel Engelhardt was the illegitimate (legitimate) son of Wassili Engelhardt , nephew and one of the heirs of the Russian prince Grigori Potjomkin and of MO Glinka, mother of the composer Michail Glinka . At the age of seven, Pavel was sent to the imperial court in Saint Petersburg , and 10 years later he went into military service. Since 1821 he served as adjutant to the general of the infantry and governor of the Vilna Governorate Alexander Mikhailovich Rimsky-Korsakov . In 1823 at a ball in Vilnius , Lithuania , he met his future wife, Baroness Sofja Grigoryevna Engelhardt (1805–1875), who was seven years his junior. She was the daughter of the Kurland baron and general Grigori Grigorjewitsch Engelhardt (1759-1833), a distant relative. On December 6, 1830 Engelhardt was captain and on February 12, 1831 Polkownik the bodyguard of lancers -Regiments. Their son Vasily Pavlovich (1828-1915) devoted himself to the study of astronomy and became a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences . Later the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Kazan was named after WP Engelhardt.

After his father's death in 1828, Pavel inherited 3 million rubles and became the owner of his birthplace Kyrylivka ( Кирилівка ), today's village of Shevchenkove in Cherkasy Oblast , as well as several neighboring villages and 17,000 serfs, including the future Ukrainian national poet Taras Shevchenko. He hired him as a house boy when he was 14, who then accompanied him on trips to Poland , Lithuania and Saint Petersburg. In Vilnius he enabled Shevchenko to study painting with Jan Rustem between the autumn of 1829 and 1830 .

In February 1831 Engelhardt moved to Saint Petersburg, where he became adjutant to Prince Alexander Friedrich Karl von Württemberg , head of the Russian Ministry of Transport. Again he took Taras Shevchenko with him and allowed him to do an apprenticeship with a Petersburg painter.

Shevchenko's friends in St. Petersburg tried to buy him out of his serfdom. Karl Brjullow first spoke to Pawel Engelhardt about Shevchenko's ransom, but returned angry, named Engelhardt an amphibian in slippers and informed Ivan Soshenko : “This is the dirtiest pig I have ever met in my life. Tomorrow he promised to name a price for Shevchenko ” . The next day Alexei Wenezianow went to Engelhardt, and Engelhardt named the price for Shevchenko: 2500 rubles. That was an outrageously high price, since a simple servant would pay 20-25 rubles and a well-trained serf craftsman only 500-1000 rubles for his freedom. After the sum was raised, he released Taras Shevchenko on April 22, 1838 from his serfdom.

Engelhardt retired on October 16, 1832. He was interested in music, so he had a music orchestra made up of serfs on his estate near Smolensk and a musical instrument shop in Saint Petersburg. Pavel died in December 1849 at the age of 51 in Saint Petersburg and was buried there in the Volkovo Cemetery.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Portrait of PV Engelhardt in the encyclopedia of the life and works of Taras Shevchenko; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ a b Pawel Wassiljewitsch Engelhardt
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Pawel Wassiljewitsch Engelhardt on the website of the National Taras Shevchenko Museum ; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  4. ↑ About Vilnius They lived in Vilnius; in vilnius.penki.lt ; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Russian)
  5. ↑ a b c Lord Engelhardt ; on Redakzija hromadsko-politytschnoho vydannja "Pres-Zentr", March 9, 2008; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  6. ^ Entry on the Engelhardt family in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  7. ↑ Article on Taras Shevchenko and Jan Rustem in Krim Svitlitsa from November 15, 2013; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  8. ↑ Teacher of Taras Shevchenko in Ukrainjia moloda from August 15, 2008; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  9. ↑ From the story Taras Shevchenko by Konstantin Georgijewitsch Paustowski on russkay-literatura.ru ; accessed on August 7, 2018 (Russian)
  10. ↑ 1838 - Taras Shevchenko collected money as a ransom in the palace of Tsarskoye Selo ; accessed on August 4, 2018 (Russian)
  11. ↑ Taras Shevchenko's biography on biographera.net ; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
  12. ↑ Pawel Engelgardt - Ukrainians in Spirit on uamodna.com , May 26, 2015; accessed on April 18, 2018 (Ukrainian)
personal data
SURNAME Engelhardt, Pawel Wassiljewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Энгельгардт, Павел Васильевич (Russian); Енгельгардт, Павло Васильович (Ukrainian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian landowner and officer
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1798
PLACE OF BIRTH Kyrylivka , Kiev Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1849
Place of death Saint Petersburg , Russian Empire