Pellonulini
| Pellonulini | ||||||||||||
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Lake Tanganyika Sardine ( Limnothrissa miodon ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pellonulini | ||||||||||||
| Berg , 1955 |
The Pellonulini are a tribe of herring (Clupeidae) that occurs in West and Central African fresh waters. The most easterly occurring representatives of the group live in Lake Tanganyika .
features
Pellonulini species are relatively small herrings. Some species can grow up to 20 cm in length, but the average length is 5 to 10 cm. Some dwarf species only reach body lengths of 1.8 to 2 cm. Most species are scaled. The mouth is terminal, in some genera the lower jaw protrudes. The teeth are usually small and tapered. The dorsal fin stands over the middle of the body, the anal fin is short and is always behind the last dorsal fin ray.
The pellonulini do not show the diagnostic feature of the Dorosomatinae, the non-overlapping gill rake. Either they lost the trait secondary or it only developed in the other species belonging to the Dorosomatinae when the separation between the Pellonulini and the other genera of the Dorosomatinae had already taken place.
Different West African species (e.g. Sierrathrissa leonensis ) show different stages of reduction of scaling, Branchiostegal rays, the second, posterior supramaxillary (upper jawbone) and size.
- Fin formula : dorsal 12–18, anal 16–27, ventral (6) –7.
- Branchiostegal rays : (2–4) or 6–7.
Way of life
Pellonulini species mostly live in fresh water , some also in brackish water or in the salt water of bays and lagoons.
Genera and species
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Congothrissa
- Congothrissa gossei Poll, 1964
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Laeviscutella
- Laeviscutella dekimpei Poll, Whitehead & Hopson, 1965
- Genus Limnothrissa
- Lake Tanganyika sardine ( Limnothrissa miodon ) Boulenger, 1906
- Genus Microthrissa
- Microthrissa congica Regan, 1917
- Microthrissa minuta Poll, 1974
- Microthrissa moeruensis Poll, 1948
- Microthrissa royauxi Boulenger, 1902
- Microthrissa whiteheadi Gourène & Teugels, 1988
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Nannothrissa
- Nannothrissa parva Regan, 1917
- Nannothrissa stewarti Poll & Roberts, 1976
- Genus Odaxothrissa
- Odaxothrissa ansorgii Boulenger, 1910
- Odaxothrissa losera Boulenger, 1899
- Odaxothrissa mento Regan, 1917
- Odaxothrissa vittata Regan, 1917
- Genus Pellonula
- Pellonula leonensis Boulenger, 1916
- Pellonula vorax Günther, 1868
- Genus Potamothrissa
- Potamothrissa acutirostris Boulenger, 1899
- Potamothrissa obtusirostris Boulenger, 1909
- Potamothrissa whiteheadi Poll, 1974
- Genus Sierrathrissa
- Sierrathrissa leonensis Thys van den Audenaerde, 1969
- Genus Stolothrissa
- Stolothrissa tanganicae Regan, 1917
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Thrattidion
- Thrattidion noctivagus Roberts, 1972
use
The two species Limnothrissa miodon and Stolothrissa tanganicae that occur in Lake Tanganyika are of great importance for the fishing industry there.
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
- Peter JP Whitehead: Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalog of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies, and wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. Pages 26-32, FAO Species Catalog for Fishery Purposes. No. 7th FAO Rome 2005. ( PDF )
- Sébastien Lavoué, Peter Konstantinidis & Wei-Jen Chen: Progress in Clupeiform Systematics. in Konstantinos Ganias (Ed.): Biology and Ecology of Sardines and Anchovies. CRC Press, 2014, ISBN 978-1482228540