Pengjia Yu

Pengjia Yu
View of the island
Waters	East China Sea
Geographical location	25 ° 37 '46 "  N , 122 ° 4' 35"  E Coordinates: 25 ° 37 '46 "  N , 122 ° 4' 35"  E
surface	1.141 3  km²
Highest elevation	165  m
Residents	40 35 inhabitants / km²

Pengjia Yu ( Chinese  彭佳 嶼 , Pinyin Péngjiā Yǔ , Pe̍h-ōe-jī Phêⁿ-ka-sū  - "Pengjia Island"), or simply Pengjia , is a small island about 56 kilometers north of the island of Taiwan , by the Republic of China in Taiwan (ROC). The island is the furthest northerly territory under the control of the ROC. Administratively, it belongs to the Zhongzheng District of Keelung . The island may only be entered with special permission. On older maps it is recorded under the name Agincourt .

Surname

The current Chinese name is Pengjia . In the past, British nautical charts made the island known under the name Agincourt Island (after the battle site of the Hundred Years War ). At the time of the Japanese rule over Taiwan (1895-1945) the island was named Hōka-sho ( Japanese 彭佳 嶼 ), the Japanese pronunciation of the Chinese name.

description

The island is of volcanic origin . The last volcanic eruptions probably took place in the late Pleistocene to early Holocene . The coast has been severely eroded by waves over time and is very rugged. The current island area covers 1.1413 km² (114.13 ha ) and the highest point is 165 meters above sea level. The island vegetation consists predominantly of grassland with only a few isolated trees.

history

Lighthouse on Pengjia Yu

The island was probably first settled at least temporarily in the late phase of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). Under Japanese rule, a 26.2 meter high lighthouse was built on Pengjia Yu, which went into operation on September 20, 1909 and is still in service today. The beacon is visible about 25 nautical miles . On January 9 and 11, 1945, and on May 15 and 16, 1945, the lighthouse was damaged by American bombing and reconstructed after the war.

The tower is also known by the name Pangchia Yu Lighthouse (in another transcription of the island's name). In May 2015 it was officially given the status of a “building of historic importance”.

present

Next to the lighthouse there is a weather station of the Taiwanese Meteorological Service and coastal protection facilities on the island. The island is currently inhabited by 40 people who provide services in these facilities.

About 76 nautical miles east of the island are the Senkaku Islands (in Japanese reading), or Diaoyutai Islands but, (in Chinese reading), which are under Japanese control by both the Republic of China, and from the People's Republic of China claimed . In the past there have been repeated tensions and incidents in the sea area of ​​these islands, for example between mainland Chinese or (less often) Taiwanese fishing boats and the Japanese coast guard. In order to underpin its own presence in this sea area, Pengjia Yu was repeatedly visited by high-ranking Taiwanese politicians. President Ma Ying-jeou stayed here briefly on April 9, 2016 , after he had previously done so on September 7, 2012. On August 10, 2005, his predecessor Chen Shui-bian also visited the island.

climate

The climate is subtropical warm and rich in precipitation. The average temperature is 21.9 ° C and the annual rainfall is 1954 mm. The months of June to August are the least rainy, although the seasonal periods of rainfall are not as pronounced as on the island of Taiwan.

Pengjia Yu
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     123   18th 14th     161   18th 14th     170   20th 15th     162   23 18th     203   26th 21st     194   29 24     126   31 26th     198   31 26th     237   29 25th     137   26th 22nd     132   23 19th     113   20th 16 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: Taiwan Central Weather Bureau

Climate data from the years 1981–2010 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 17.8 18.2 20.1 23.1 26.2 28.9 31.2 31 28.8 25.9 22.8 19.5 O 24.5 Min. Temperature (° C) 13.7 13.9 15.3 18.2 21.3 24 25.8 25.8 24.5 22.1 19th 15.5 O 20th Temperature (° C) 15.7 15.9 17.5 20.4 23.4 26th 28 27.9 26.3 23.7 20.7 17.4 O 21.9 Precipitation ( mm ) 122.6 161 169.5 161.6 203.2 194.1 125.8 198 236.9 136.8 132 112.5 Σ 1,954 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 2 2 2.6 3.3 4.5 5.4 8.4 8.1 6.4 4.8 3.1 2.1 O 4.4 Rainy days ( d ) 17.1 17th 18.5 14.6 14.3 12.1 6.6 9.6 12.1 11.5 14.3 14th Σ 161.7 Source: Taiwan Central Weather Bureau

Individual evidence

1. ^ Zhongzheng District. Keelung City Government, accessed December 5, 2017 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Jer-Haur Li, Wen-Liang Chiou: Changes in the Flora on Islet Pengchiayu across 100 Years . In: Taiwania . tape 51 , no. 3 , September 2006, p. 195–209 , doi : 10.6165 / tai.2006.51 (3) .195 (English, online [PDF]).
3. ↑ ^{a b} Cindy Chang: Taiwan's Northern Stepping Stones. Taiwan Today, April 1, 2013, accessed December 5, 2017 . 
4. ^ Light House Cyclopedia. (No longer available online.) Tyjh.matsu.edu.tw, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on December 5, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ↑ Pengjia Islet lighthouse designated as historic site. Focus Taiwan, December 5, 2015, accessed December 5, 2017 . 
6. ↑ President visits Pengjia Islet to aver sovereignty. Taipei Times, April 10, 2016, accessed December 5, 2017 . 
7. ↑ 陳水扁 巡視 最 北 島嶼 宣示 釣魚台 主權 ("Chen Shui-bian pays a visit to the northernmost island to substantiate his claim to the Diaoyutai Islands"). BBC Chinese.com, August 10, 2005, accessed December 6, 2017 (Chinese).