Peter Payne

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Peter Payne (also called Peter English or Petr Engliš ) (* around 1385 in Hough in Stamford, Lincolnshire / UK; † 1456 in Prague ) was a from England originating in Bohemia acting reformer of the 15th century.

Life

After studying at the University of Oxford , Peter Payne became a Master of Arts before 1406 , then a teacher , around 1409 head of the colleges White Hall and St. Edmund Hall, which belonged to the center of Wikilifism. He was a supporter of the English reformer John Wyclif and a master of the Seven Liberal Arts at Oxford.

Persecuted in England, Payne sought refuge in Bohemia in 1415 with intensive political involvement in the movement of the Hussites and their teaching of Jan Hus . He lived in Prague , was a member of diplomatic missions to Poland in 1420 and to Constantinople in 1443. He led several important theological disputations at Charles University in Prague and was instrumental in the negotiations in Basel in 1433 . In the Hussite worship service he represented the chalice communion as one of the most important symbols of this Reformation movement in Bohemia and was the author of theological treatises.

Peter Payne, often referred to in Bohemia as Peter Englisch after his home country England , was an excellent speaker, diplomat and staunch advocate of the teaching of Jan Hus. As an envoy from the Hussites, he took part in the Council of Basel in 1433 and defended the Prague article on the surrender of ecclesiastical property and the renunciation of wealth and secular influence by the clergy .

After the Battle of Lipan and the military end of the Hussite movement, Peter Payne retained his convictions, was captured, ransomed, expelled from Bohemia by King Sigismund and left Prague, but came back and accompanied the Hussite envoys to Constantinople in 1443 . This group of people wanted to establish contacts with the Greek Orthodox Church, which also administered the Lord's Supper in both forms to the believers. The conquest of Constantinople (1453) by the Turks and the city's turn to Islam prevented these plans.

Payne spent the last years of his life until 1456 in a monastery in Prague under the protection of the Archbishop.

literature

Web links

  • Peter Payne in the repertory "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages"
  • Bibliography at LitDok East Central Europe
personal data
SURNAME Payne, Peter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Payne Engliš, Petr
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English reformer who worked in Bohemia
DATE OF BIRTH around 1385
PLACE OF BIRTH England
DATE OF DEATH 1456
Place of death Prague