Petubastis I.

Name of Petubastis I.
Throne name	User-maat-Re-setep-en-Amun Wsr-M3ˁt-Rˁ-stp-n-Jmn Rich in Maat , a Re , chosen by Amun
Proper name	Padibastetmeriamun (Pa di Bastet meri Amun) P3 dj B3stt mrj Jmn He that Bastet gave, lover of Amun

Torso of a statue of Petubastis I

Petubastis I (also Padibastet I ) was a pharaoh (king) in ancient Egypt . His reign is from 834/831 to 809/806 BC. To apply. He is the founder of the 23 Dynasty parallel to the 22nd dynasty in Leontopolis ruled.

Domination

In Thebes , the 23rd dynasty displaces the 22nd dynasty. On the Nilstandsmarke 24 it is noted that the 5th year of the reign of Petubastis I. the 12th year of Scheschonq III. corresponds and thus the 1st year of the reign of Petubastis I in the 8th year of Scheschonq III. falls, around 841/838 BC BC ascended the throne.

In his 23rd year of reign, Petubastis I set up as the successor of Harsiese II as the new high priest of Amun Takelot E , who was still in office in the sixth year of Scheschonq IV's reign . Jürgen von Beckerath sees him as a possible successor to Petubastis I.

Dating of the Amun festival

7th year of government

In his 7th year of reign, Petubastis I gave a son named Padiamun a high priesthood in Thebes according to the priestly annals of Karnak during the Amun Re festival . The following entry is noted: “Day of the introduction of his son, the God father of Amun ” ( hrw-pn-n-bz-s3.f-jt.nṯr-n-Jmn ).

8th year of government

In the 8th year of the reign of Petubatis I, celebrations relating to the installation of the Pentiefanch as high priest of Amun during the Amun Re festival are documented:

"Year 8 Petubastis I, day 19 in the 1st month of the season Schemu: day of the introduction of the first prophet of Amun"

- Priest inscription

In addition, the high priest Harsiese II consecrated a new shrine for Amun at the same time . Due to the Amun Re festival, which basically began on the day of the new moon and lasted five days, there are several options for dating, since the inscription does not indicate on which day of the Amun Re festival Petubastis I made the priestly appointment. The only thing that is certain is that Petubastis I celebrated the Amun Re festival during the appointment of the priest. It is known from sources from other years that appointments to priests were also made on the third or fourth day of the Amun Re festival.

As a chronological approach, all Amun Re festivals that include the 19th Schemu as a festival day come into question. In addition, the evening before the Amun Re festival can also be considered as a vizier appointment, as the new moon and thus the first lunar day of the month was solemnly welcomed during the night as the prelude to the Amun Re festival. In this respect, the official start of the festival fell on the twelfth hour of the night of the 18th Schemu, which began the Amun Re festival in the first hour of the day of the 19th Schemu.

Rolf Krauss decided on the approach that the 19th Schemu I was the first day of the Amun Re festival. Based on his hypothesis , he dated the 8th year of Petubastis I's reign to 816 BC. The proposals by Aidan Dodson and Jürgen von Beckerath, on the other hand, contain the variant that the 19th Schemu does not represent the first day of the Amun Re festival. In principle, however, those suggestions can be excluded that do not take into account the Amun Re festival and the possible years associated with it.

Possible years for the 19th Schemu I as the day of the Amun Re festival
year	Holidays	Dating ( J )	Dating ( G )	1st year of government
827 BC Chr.	16. to 20. Schemu I	November 28th to December 2nd	November 20th to 24th	834 BC Chr.
819 BC Chr.	19th to 23rd Schemu I	November 29th to December 3rd	November 21st to 25th	826 BC Chr.
816 BC Chr.	16. to 20. Schemu I	November 25-29	November 17th to 21st	823 BC Chr.
805 BC Chr.	17th to 21st Schemu I	November 30th to December 4th	November 22nd to 26th	812 BC Chr.

literature

• Jürgen von Beckerath : Handbook of the Egyptian king names. (= Munich Egyptological Studies. Vol. 49). 2nd, improved and expanded edition, von Zabern, Mainz 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2591-6 , pp. 200-201.
• Karl Jansen-Winkeln : The Chronology of the Third Intermediate Period: Dyns 22-24. In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 234-264 ( online ).
• Rolf Krauss : Sothis and moon dates: studies on the astronomical and technical chronology of ancient Egypt. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1985, ISBN 3-8067-8086-X
• Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs . Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , p. 188 .

Web links

• Dating approaches Petubastis I.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Rolf Krauss: Sothis and moon dates . P. 167.
2. ^ Rolf Krauss dating approach.

predecessor	Office	successor
Osorkon II.	Pharaoh of Egypt 23rd Dynasty	Sheschonq IV.