Parish church Bad Deutsch-Altenburg

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South view of the parish and pilgrimage church

The parish and pilgrimage church of Bad Deutsch-Altenburg is a Romanesque-Gothic three-aisled pillar basilica with a Gothic choir and west tower, which was built from around 1050 in Bad Deutsch-Altenburg in four construction phases . The Roman Catholic parish church has the patronage of the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the deanery Hainburg of the Archdiocese of Vienna . The church is a listed building and is an important monument of medieval architecture in Austria.

location

The church stands in the northeast of the village, raised on a terrace that slopes steeply towards the Danube . It is surrounded by a cemetery with a wall made of rubble stones. To the south-east of the church, within the cemetery, there is a Romanesque charnel house .

history

King Stephan I of Hungary probably had a previous church built. This was probably destroyed during armed conflicts with the Hungarian king Andreas I in 1050. In 1051, Emperor Heinrich III planned or raised a document . Deutsch-Altenburg to the Reichspropstei (Kollegiatstift) of the Hungarian Mark . In 1058, the seven-year-old Roman-German King Heinrich , son of Heinrich III. and later emperor, his mother Agnes von Poitou, the presumably newly built three-aisled basilica "with everything that his father, Emperor Heinrich (III), had intended for the same, including all accessories and all income with the right to freely dispose of". In 1213, the owners of the Deutsch-Altenburg estate, Alban and Johann Doerr (Dörr), donated a priest, arranged for the church to be rebuilt or expanded, and decided to build the church as the family's burial place. Around the middle of the 14th century, the west tower with the bricked octagonal spire was built and probably afterwards or at the end of the 14th century the choir with the sacristy added to the north.

After the castle was relocated from Bad Deutsch-Altenburg to the Hainburger Schlossberg ( Heimenburg ) around 1050, the former Martinskirche was built there on the high terrace and Hainburg had undergone an ambitious urban development process, the Marienkirche in Bad Deutsch-Altenburg became one around 1260 Branch church of Hainburg. In 1725 the Deutsch-Altenburger Church was restored to parish church status.

Fires damaged the church in 1585 and 1683, and most of the tracery and buttresses were destroyed in the fire on August 15, 1774 . By 1862 the church building was in a ruinous state and as a result a profound renovation took place, which architect Richard Jordan led from 1897 to 1900 or 1906 and was completed in 1911.

description

Nave and chapel

The three-aisled basilica nave has six bays . The side walls of the main nave are supported by ten massive, square pillars and are opened to the side aisles by arched arcades. Originally the basilica was probably roofed flat. In the first half of the 14th century, a ribbed vault was drawn in and at the end of the 16th / 17th century. Century a groined vault on the four western central nave bays . A Romanesque chapel, which originally had its own west entrance, is attached to the south nave over a length of two bays.

Choir and sacristy

The high-Gothic , two-bay choir with a 5/8 end was built in place of the Romanesque central nave apse and is attributed to Master Michael . The choir is mostly dated towards or around 1400. The buttresses are vierzonig and above have empty statues canopies . Between the deep pillars there are two (north-facing) and four-lane (south-facing) tracery windows .

On the north side of the choir, a two-storey extension with two polygonal stair turrets in the west is built over the length of the two yokes of the choir. The sacristy is located in the basement and an oratory on the upper floor .

tower

A high Gothic tower that can be seen from afar and is almost free-standing. The outside plan is a square with multi-zone, deep, high buttresses. In the upper area a free octagon with a gable wreath and a bricked octagonal helmet at the end .

Karner

Portal-side view of the Karner

The Romanesque Karner southeast of the parish church was built around the beginning / middle of the 13th century and in the 17th / 18th century. Century to St. Leonhard consecrated. The round building with a conical roof has a semicircular apse and in the west a porch with a five-step funnel portal. The basement of the Karner was previously used as an ossuary and the upper floor as a chapel. The community has owned the Karner since 1995 and uses it as a funeral hall.

Web links

Commons : Parish Church Bad Deutsch-Altenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria: Lower Austria south of the Danube. Part 1. A to L. Bundesdenkmalamt (editor), Berger Verlag, Horn / Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85028-364-X , page 114ff.
  2. ^ Johann G. Meyndt: History of the older relations between Germany and Hungary ; Leipzig 1870 (Online: [1] )
  3. ↑ a b Landesmuseum Niederösterreich: Parish Church of the Assumption in Bad Deutsch-Altenburg ; accessed on Nov. 24, 2015
  4. ^ Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz: 1058 October 18, Regensburg ; accessed on Nov. 24, 2015
  5. ↑ Eduard Freiherr von Sacken: The Roman city of Carnuntum, its history, remains and the monuments of the Middle Ages standing in their place (Online: [2] )
  6. ^ Dehio-Handbuch Die Kunstdenkmäler Austria: Lower Austria south of the Danube. Part 1. A to L. Bundesdenkmalamt (editor), Berger Verlag, Horn / Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85028-364-X , page 676ff.
  7. ^ A b Elisabeth Hassmann: Master Michael: Builder of the Dukes of Austria ; Böhlauverlag, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-205-99354-3 (Online: [3] )
  8. ↑ According to the display board on site; accessed on November 18, 2015
  9. ↑ Until 1900 according to Richard Jordan. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007 .; according to other information until 1906
  10. ^ Mario Schwarz: The architecture of the 13th century in Austria ; Böhlau Verlag, ISBN 978-3-205-78866-9 (Online: from page 200 )
  11. ↑ Alfred Eder fish-Meis Eder: The Gothic architecture in eastern Austria. Studies on sacred buildings in the 14th and 15th centuries with a focus on around 1400. Diss. University of Vienna . Vienna 2016, p. 100 .
  12. ^ Mario Schwarz: Gothic architecture in Lower Austria . St. Pölten / Vienna 1980, p. 36 .
  13. ^ Landesmuseum Niederösterreich: Karner in Bad Deutsch-Altenburg ; accessed on December 3, 2015
  14. ^ Bad Deutsch-Altenburg: Sights worth seeing ; accessed on December 3, 2015

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 15.7 "  N , 16 ° 54 ′ 29.3"  E