Pepper Flow

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Pepper Flow
Pfefferfließ in Gottsdorf

Pfefferfließ in Gottsdorf

Data
Water code DE : 58488
location Brandenburg
River system Elbe
Drain over Nieplitz  → Nuthe  → Havel  → Elbe  → North Sea
source at Frankenförde near Luckenwalde
52 ° 5 ′ 5 ″  N , 13 ° 5 ′ 19 ″  E
muzzle at Körzin near the Blankensee in the Nieplitz coordinates: 52 ° 13 '6 "  N , 13 ° 5' 57"  E 52 ° 13 '6 "  N , 13 ° 5' 57"  E

length 16.4 km
Communities Nuthe glacial valley

The meandering pepper flow in the upper reaches is a right tributary of the Nieplitz in Brandenburg . The 16-kilometer-long river is in terms of nature conservation and the Moor - restoration in Nuthe-Nieplitz interesting.

course

The swampy headwaters of the river, crossed by rivulets, are located near Luckenwalde near Frankenförde in the Baruther glacial valley . The still undeveloped stream in the upper reaches winds through meadows and fields parallel to the Nuthe in a northerly direction and with the village of Gottsdorf reaches the extensive community of Nuthe-Urstromtal . The Pfefferfließ runs through an idyllic Brandenburg landscape between the villages of Dobbrikow and Hennickendorf, past the newly created lakes at Stangenhagen and currently flows into the Nieplitz at Körzin directly in front of the Blankensee . The mouth is exactly opposite the point at which the relatively wide Königsgraben branches off from the Nieplitz. If the Stangenhagen community plans to come into effect, the Pfefferfließ will reach the Nieplitz around a thousand meters back in the planned Stangenhagener See .

ecology

The Pfefferfließ is a stream that in a groundwater-fed fen area springs. The soil around the river is characterized by flat bog peat on a sandy ground in which iron stone inclusions can be found.

Königsgraben and moor renaturation in the lower reaches

Lower course at Stangenhagen

Not only in the upper reaches of the river was the Brandenburg marshy floodplain, also in the lower reaches of Stangenhagen , in Körzin the land was still a wilderness with flat moors around 1750 , in which one saw nothing but water, streams, bushes and reeds. It was only when Frederick the Great had the Königsgraben dug between 1772 and 1782 that the considerable amounts of water from the Pfeffer River could be diverted more quickly past the Nieplitz chain of lakes and directly into the Nuthe, and the land could be partially restored to the usable state requested by Friedrich . An extensive system with larger trenches such as Pfeffergraben and Strassgraben still feeds water from the wetland into the river.

But it was not until 1967, when a pumping station in Stangenhagen started its work for the benefit of agriculture, that the area could be drained sustainably. This in turn resulted in a considerable destruction of the remaining bog which, after the pumping station was switched off in 1991, quickly became a new flat lake, which was not yet shown on many maps. Years pass before such a rewetted area becomes a living bog again. See Stangenhagen in detail about flora and fauna and the new bird observation tower .

Upper Pfefferfließ nature reserve

Low, view from Pekenberg

In the upper reaches, the Pfefferfließ forms the approx. 250 hectare NSG Oberes Pfefferfließ , which has only been designated as a nature reserve since April 2003 . The corresponding ordinance of April 14, 2003 highlights the following measures in particular as the protective purpose of the nature reserve, which naturally belongs to the "Luckenwalder Heide" and plays an important role in the regional biotope network :

  • The preservation and development as a habitat of wild plant communities, in particular characteristic and rare, nutrient-poor moor pool communities, small sedge lawns, reed and large sedge communities, dry lawns and the common oak-hornbeam forest that are threatened;
  • the preservation and development of the area as a habitat or retreat and a potential center for re-dispersal of wild animal species, in particular for marsh and water birds as well as meadow breeders and for mammals bound to aquatic habitats;
  • the maintenance and development of a near-natural, meandering watercourse with a remarkable fish fauna;
  • the maintenance and restoration of the self-cleaning power of the flowing water;
  • the maintenance and development of the function of a regional biotope network

The maintenance and development measures lead to an already visible, near-natural river morphology with extensively used buffer zones. When the groundwater level is high, the creek flows on alluvial soil (flat bog peat on sand with groundwater nearby) through vast reeds and sedges. Remnants of a pedunculate oak and hornbeam forest and dry lawns complement the current landscape.

Watermills on the river

Obermühle

Obermühle

As at Nuthe and Nieplitz, there were also a few water mills at the Pfefferfließ . The name of the river supposedly comes from the onomatopoeia es peperte so , which was used to express the sound of the river and the millstones. The Obermühle buildings north of Gottsdorf and those of the Klinkenmühle one kilometer further down the river have been preserved and partially renovated ; the old upper mill is still in operation as a grinding mill. However, there is no visible mill romance with an outside water wheel , because the mill wheel is inside the mill. The Obermühle has a house, a bakery and an oven; old millstones are embedded in the masonry in some places. Opposite the Obermühle, on the other side of the river, passes the Mühlenroute , a 17.5-kilometer Nordic Walking circuit of the new Fläming-Walk , which was created with other routes in connection with the Nuthe-Nieplitz Nature Park and the Nuthe-Urstromtal community .

Klinkenmühle

Flachsee at the Klinkenmühle

Both mills were owned by the Cistercian monks through the sale of Luckenwald to the Zinna monastery (1285) . The Klinkenmühle originally stood near Dobbrikow as early as the 14th century and was relocated to near Gottsdorf in the middle of the 17th century. How this former under mill got its name is unclear. The name is probably not derived from Klinke , but from klingen , because the legend ascribes the saying to the Great Elector after the mill was moved to the more favorable section: Now it sounds better . According to tradition, the former millers also “claim” the naming, as they supposedly heard the flow sound . Today the mill is no longer in operation; the typical half-timbered building and its outbuildings have been preserved and modernized and are used as a farm inn.

See also: more detailed information on the drainage of the entire Gröben region (Ludwigsfelde) ; see also Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive , Biosphere Reserve

literature

  • Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: On the way to Nuthe and Nieplitz. Portrait of a Brandenburg landscape. On old tracks and new paths . Stapp Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-87776-061-9 . (Quote on the moor from this book; excerpt from the ordinance on the nature reserve "Oberes Pfefferfließ" from web link 1.)
  • Carsten Rasmus, Bettina Klaehne: Hiking and nature guides in the Nuthe-Nieplitz Nature Park. Hikes, bike rides and walks. KlaRas-Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-933135-11-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ River directory gewnet25 (Version 4.0, April 24, 2014) from the Ministry for Rural Development, Environment and Agriculture of the State of Brandenburg, accessed on May 4, 2015.