Police (italy)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Italian Ministry of the Interior at the Viminal in Rome , the supreme coordination point of the Italian police forces
Polizia di Stato in front of the Roman Forum in Rome
Carabinieri in front of the Quirinal Palace in Rome
Guardia di Finanza in front of a commercial building in Avellino

Like France or Spain, Italy doesnot have a federally structured police system , but has several national police organizations, some of which have overlapping responsibilities. This also has the purpose of preventing a concentration of power in one hand or in a ministry.

National Police

There are two police forces with general duties and constant availability.

The civil polizia di Stato ( state police ) reports to the Ministry of the Interior .

The Carabinieri subject to as a fourth part Force the Ministry of Defense and provided to transfer the MOI police service. The stations, which form a dense network, are usually only manned during the day. The radio patrol car units of the superordinate companies and provincial commandos are constantly in action. Hierarchically above that are the 16 legions and four interregional commands.

A third national police force is the Guardia di Finanza , a militarily organized financial and customs police that is subordinate to the Ministry of Economy and Finance and is responsible for combating economic crime. She is also primarily active in the field of tax and customs investigations .

In the Direzione Investigativa Antimafia (DIA), which is responsible for combating mafia , mainly members of the above-mentioned police forces work together under one roof.

The Polizia Penitenziaria is the prison and judicial police.

As part of the "Strade Sicure" operation, soldiers of the Italian army also take on police duties.

The Ministry of the Interior is responsible for coordinating all national police forces. The head of the State Police is also the Director General for Public Security and, as such, the national police coordinator. Polizia Penitenziaria and Guardia di Finanza can also be used for general police duties if necessary.

Special police forces

In addition, there are some special police authorities at the national level. These include the Polizia Penitenziaria ( prison police ) , which is under the Ministry of Justice . The forest police authority Corpo Forestale dello Stato , which is subordinate to the Ministry of Agriculture , existed until 2016 . Your area of ​​responsibility was transferred to the Carabinieri. In addition, the military coast guard Guardia Costiera operates in the portfolio of the Ministry of Transport .

While the Carabinieri are permanently subordinate to the Ministry of Defense (and act according to the instructions of the Ministry of the Interior), the Finance Police and Coast Guard can also be subordinated to the Ministry of Defense or the General Staff for the military defense of the national borders in the event of a defense.

Local police

At the local level there are the sometimes unarmed Vigili Urbani or Polizia Municipale ( municipal police ), who mainly take care of the regulation of local road traffic, the lost property department, parking space management and the smaller concerns of the population. They are subordinate to the respective mayors, but the highest official supervision is carried out by the regional governments .

At the provincial level there are also the small provincial police Polizia Provinciale , which ensure compliance with the hunting and inland fishing regulations of the respective provincial government.

literature

  • R. Canosa: La polizia in Italia dal 1945 ad oggi. Il Mulino, Bologna 1976.
  • G. Oliva: Storia dei carabinieri dal 1814 ad oggi. Mondadori, Milan 2002.
  • A. Paloscia: I segreti del Viminale. Storia della police. Newton Compton, Rome 1989.
  • A. Sannino: Le forze di polizia nel dopoguerra. Mursia, Milan 2007.

Web links

Commons : Police (Italy)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files