Police headquarters in Düsseldorf

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Bird's eye view of police headquarters, from the northwest
Police headquarters, at Fürstenwall Düsseldorf
Imperial eagle on the corner of the building facing Jürgensplatz: The triangle in front of it with the slogan Before the law, all people are equal , indicates the principle of equality . The iron plate was installed in 1984; The artist is Anatol Herzfeld .

The Düsseldorf Police Headquarters is located in Düsseldorf-Unterbilk at Jürgensplatz 5–7. The authority existed from 1926 to 1945 and since 1953 as a state presidium, before and in the post-war period, however, under municipal supervision. The Presidium is now subordinate to the North Rhine-Westphalian Ministry of the Interior and is responsible for the police force for the regional capital Düsseldorf and all federal motorways in the Düsseldorf administrative region . Norbert Wesseler has been the head of the authorities since February 1, 2014 . The barrack-like building of the police headquarters, which has modern as well as neoclassical features and transitions into the forms of architecture in National Socialism , is located on the edge of the government district of the state capital.

history

Commemorative stele for Aktion Rheinland (Jürgensplatz), a station in the history project Path of Liberation

The state police headquarters in Düsseldorf was institutionally established by decree of the Prussian Ministry of the Interior on July 1, 1926. It replaced the local police, which was transferred from the supervision of the city of Düsseldorf to state supervision. The presidium was initially housed in the town hall at Mühlenstrasse 29-31. On October 12, 1929, the foundation stone for today's building on Kavallerieplatz (from 1937 on Mackensenplatz 5–7) was laid in the presence of the Prussian Interior Minister Albert Grzesinski . The architects Alexander Schäfer and A. Hein designed the building complex as part of an ideas competition announced by the state building authorities in 1928. The site of the former hussar barracks was available as building site, which is surrounded by Jürgensplatz, Hubertusstraße, Neusser Straße and Fürstenwall. The southern half of the property was assigned to the police headquarters and the northern half to the state tax office as construction site, the construction of which was initially postponed. In the winter of 1933/34 the various police departments were completed and moved to the presidium.

During the National Socialist era , the Düsseldorf police were brought into line: On April 29, 1933, President Hans Langels (Center Party) was given a leave of absence by the National Socialist rulers with immediate effect, with a resolution of the Prussian State Ministry of May 5, 1933, into temporary retirement and finally on October 3, 1933, according to § 6 of the law for the restoration of the professional civil service on February 1, 1934 retired. He was followed by SS leader Fritz Weitzel . The Political Police was transformed into the State Police Headquarters in Düsseldorf . The Presidium was also the scene of interrogations and mass arrests, political murders and the mistreatment of political opponents or Düsseldorf Jews . The report by Major of the Police Police, Paul Salitter, about a deportation of Jewish citizens to Riga on December 11, 1941, achieved sad notoriety . The report symbolizes the participation of the Düsseldorf regulatory police in the Holocaust . Around 1,200 police officers were on "foreign assignments" after 1939 and participated in crimes against the civilian population, particularly in the occupied territories. In April 1945, Aktion Rheinland took place in the Presidium , during which Police President August Korreng was arrested in a detention cell and Franz Juergens took over command of the police. The Second World War in Düsseldorf ended on April 17, 1945 with the handover of the presidium to US troops without a fight. Since the summer of 1945 the square has been called “Jürgensplatz”, in memory of a central actor in the resistance of Aktion Rheinland against the Nazi regime.

The Allies reversed the nationalization of 1926 and dissolved the authority or transferred it back to the responsibility of the municipality and the city director. It was not until 1953 that the interior minister of the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia , founded in 1946, became responsible again. On the side of the building facing Lorettostraße , a plaque with the inscription " All people are equal before the law " was placed above the former swastika eagle . Today a memorial room under the foyer and an attached permanent exhibition "Transparency and Shadow", which was developed and supervised by the association "Geschichte am Jürgensplatz eV", remind of the eventful history of the Presidium and the Düsseldorf police.

In 2007 an anthology with scientific articles on local police history topics was published. This book is accompanied by a DVD with a revised version of the advertising film made in Düsseldorf in 1928 and 1929 for the Prussian police with the title “Dienst am Volk”. In front of the characteristic floor mosaic in the entrance hall stands the sculpture “Guardian” by the artist and former police officer Anatol Herzfeld , on whose eightieth birthday in 2011 the exhibition “Anatol Herzfeld - Artist and Policeman” was held.

modernization

The two building complexes (Jürgensplatz, Fürstenwall, Neusser Straße, Hubertusstraße), which have been under monument protection since 1984, are being modernized according to plans by the Düsseldorf architects HPP and expanded with extensions. The cars disappear into a two-story underground car park. The Jürgensplatz receives a new design with stone elements.

List of police presidents (selection)

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Landesarchiv NRW Rhineland department. File 2.4.1.3 Police Headquarters Düsseldorf
  2. Association of Victims of the Nazi regime -VVN, Circle Association Dusseldorf (ed.): Unpunished Nazi murders in Dusseldorf. Düsseldorf 1980.
  3. Annette Leo: Letters between Coming and Going. Police Headquarters
  4. Permanent exhibition “Transparency and Shadow” opens. ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. April 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei-nrw.de
  5. ^ Project to come to terms with the history of the Düsseldorf police. ( Memento of the original from November 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 2006. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei-nrw.de
  6. welt.de: Police headquarters will be a construction site by the end of 2016 , May 2, 2013
  7. http://www.hpp.com/de/projekte/wettbewerbe/1-preise/polizeipraesidium-duesseldorf.html , website of the architects

Web links

literature

  • Carsten Dams, Klaus Dönecke, Thomas Köhler (eds.): “Service to the people”? Düsseldorf police officers between democracy and dictatorship. Publishing house for police science, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-935979-99-3 .
  • Klaus Dönecke (Red.): Transparency and shadow. Düsseldorf police officers between democracy and dictatorship. Catalog for the permanent exhibition in the police headquarters in Düsseldorf. Edited by the History Association at Juergensplatz eV Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-1306-7 .
  • Michael Dybowski (Ed.): Chronicle Police Düsseldorf 1945–1953. Düsseldorf 2000.
  • Hans Lisken (Ed.): 50 years of police headquarters on Jürgensplatz. Festschrift. Hornung, Düsseldorf 1983.
  • Joachim Lilla : The state police administration in Düsseldorf 1926–1945. In: Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch. 73 (2002), pp. 217-294.

Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 57 "  N , 6 ° 45 ′ 59.7"  E