Polyglycerol polyricinoleate

Structural formula
	; R = H and / or ricinoleic acid and / or polyricinoleic acid
General
Surname	Polyglycerol polyricinoleate
other names	E 476; PGPR;
CAS number	29894-35-7
Monomers / partial structures	" Triricinolein "
PubChem	9843407
Brief description	Clear, light brown, viscous liquid
properties
Physical state	liquid
solubility	Soluble in diethyl ether , hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons ; insoluble in water and ethanol ;
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no classification available
	no classification available
H and P phrases	H: see above
	P: see above
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) is a recently used food additive . It is the carboxylic acid ester of an oligomeric glycerine with polymeric ricinoleic acid .

Manufacturing

In the first step, base-catalyzed oligomeric glycerine is produced from glycerine with 2,3- epoxy- 1-propanol ( glycidol ) .

At the same time, ricinoleic acid is intermolecularly esterified to polyricinoleic acid with a controlled supply of heat .

The oligomeric glycerine and polyricinoleic acid are then esterified to form PGPR with the general structural formula

where, depending on the process, R = H and / or ricinoleic acid and / or polyricinoleic acid can be.

One possible structure of the PGPR is as follows:

use

PGPR is often used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in combination with lecithin . In the EU it has limited approval as a food additive with the number E 476 , but only for low-fat spreads, sauces and cocoa-based confectionery.

safety

High doses of this agent have shown no carcinogenic effects in animal experiments , but have led to hypertrophy of the kidneys and liver, the cause of which is presumably the change in the permeability of the intestinal mucosa . Histological examinations of the tissue showed no impairment.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d FDA: GRAS No. 270: Polyglycerol polyricinoleic acid , accessed October 25, 2011.
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
↑ The textbook of food chemistry by H.-D. Belitz, W. Grosch and P. Schieberle, 6th edition, Springer Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-73201-3 Google Books
↑ ZZulV Annex 4 (to Section 5, Paragraph 1 and Section 7) Limited additives
↑ Food and Chemical Toxicology , Volume 36, 1998, pages 747-754: Assessment of the Carcinogenic Potential of Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate (PGPR) in Rats and Mice, MR Smith, R. Wilson and PA Hepburn doi : 10.1016 / S0278-6915 (98 ) 00056-8

[fda-1] FDA: GRAS No. 270: Polyglycerol polyricinoleic acid , accessed October 25, 2011.

[NV-2] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[3] The textbook of food chemistry by H.-D. Belitz, W. Grosch and P. Schieberle, 6th edition, Springer Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-73201-3 Google Books

[4] ZZulV Annex 4 (to Section 5, Paragraph 1 and Section 7) Limited additives

[5] Food and Chemical Toxicology , Volume 36, 1998, pages 747-754: Assessment of the Carcinogenic Potential of Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate (PGPR) in Rats and Mice, MR Smith, R. Wilson and PA Hepburn doi : 10.1016 / S0278-6915 (98 ) 00056-8