Production school
Production schools are educational institutions in Germany that are essentially characterized by a targeted interlinking of systematic, professional qualifications or vocational training with employment-oriented production. They contain an operating model in which work or production processes are designed according to didactic aspects and made fruitful for the learners.
history
The historical origins of the production school approach can be discovered on the one hand in the concepts of the reform pedagogues of the Federation of Determined School Reformers - such as Paul Oestreich or Georg Kerschensteiner - in the 1920s, on the other hand, the idea goes to the establishment of institutions for vocational training in France at the beginning back to the 19th century.
Models
Depending on the content orientation and characteristics, different models of production schools and the associated target groups can be distinguished. On the one hand, there are production schools “based on the Danish model”, which primarily target “disadvantaged” young people between the ages of 15 and 25 who have not completed any vocational training, are unemployed and have either dropped out of school or vocational training or have finished school have not found a vocational training position. In addition to these production schools, where it is primarily about the social integration of social fringe groups going and to promote personal development, production schools exist that provide a technological and business skills of the target group in the foreground. Essentially, these production schools are assigned the task of generating technological and vocational educational innovations and promoting economic efficiency in the region with a high level of qualifications . Furthermore, a distinction can be made between production schools that strive to combine general and vocational training . With these types of production school concepts, vocational training becomes an integral part of a comprehensive (general) educational approach.
The concept of production schools in Germany was developed in Denmark and is beginning to establish itself with the establishment of around 30 production schools in German-speaking countries. While there are around 100 production schools in Denmark, around 25 have been founded in Germany and 17 in Austria, of which one is in Vienna, two each in Carinthia and Tyrol, two in Vorarlberg, four in Styria and six in Upper Austria. The first facility of this type was set up in Linz in 2001, and the largest began operations in Vienna in autumn 2009.
financing
So far there has been no legal basis to integrate production schools into the German or Austrian school system. In Hamburg, for example, after the production school in Altona , seven additional production schools were set up in several stages up to 2010 as "training and vocational training, advisory and support offers" in independent sponsorship. They are not schools within the meaning of the Hamburg Schools Act, but their attendance replaces compulsory education at vocational preparatory schools for young people without a secondary school certificate. In addition to public funding, production schools cover part of their costs through their own funds, such as the sale of the products made in the workshops.
In contrast to the situation in the German-speaking area, the concept was able to establish itself across Denmark and has been part of the mainstream school system since 1985 when the Production School Act came into force .
organization
Production schools in Germany are organized as an umbrella organization in the Federal Association of Production Schools. The federal association was founded in 2007 and defines the principles for the production schools. Its aim is to promote the work of the production schools, to spread the underlying idea and to represent the institutions to the ministries.
literature
- Paul Oestreich : The elastic standard school: life and production school. 2. through Edition - Berlin: Schwetschke, 1923.
- Johann Handke: The development of the workers' school into a production school . (= Decided School Reform Issue 8), Verlag Ernst Oldenburg, Leipzig 1923
- David Lechner: Mattighofen Production School. Youth unemployment in the Braunau labor market district . Linz 2006
- David Lechner, Gudrun Scheiber: Steyr Production School. Opportunities and Perspectives . EQUAL project “EQ - Regional social economy as an opportunity for women”, LIquA, Steyr 2005
- Kurt Plank: Historical, typological and political dimensions of production schools in Austria . Linz 2009, Akademikerverlag ISBN 3639841603
- Roland Schöne (Ed.): Comparative study on the current state of development of production schools in Denmark, Austria and Germany . 1st edition. Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 2004 (study commissioned by the BMBF ), ISBN 3937487050 .
- Stephan Stomporowski, Martin Kipp : Between Utopia and Reality - Aspects of the History of Ideas in Production School Development. (Festschrift for Willi Brand ), University of Hamburg, 2003
Individual evidence
- ↑ Excerpt from a study on production schools ( Memento of the original from January 11, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. by Roland Schöne on behalf of the BMBF (PDF, 174 kB)
- ↑ Lecture on the topic of "Production School - the innovative way into the world of work" by David Lechner (LIquA) and Kurt Plank (VÖPS) (PDF, 100 kB)
- ↑ Hamburg Authority for Schools and Vocational Education and Training: Information on the production schools in Hamburg , June 28, 2010 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 85 kB)
- ^ The Altona Production School (PSA). More than a model school with a role model , September 12, 2005 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
