Quinclorac

Structural formula
General
Surname	Quinclorac
other names	3,7-dichloroquinoline-8-carboxylic acid; Facet;
Molecular formula	C 10 H 5 Cl 2 NO 2
Brief description	colorless crystals
External identifiers / databases
EC number	402-780-1
ECHA InfoCard	100.100.457
PubChem	91739
ChemSpider	82837
Wikidata	Q7272100
properties
Molar mass	242.06 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	274 ° C
solubility	practically insoluble in water (65 µg l −1 at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary Caution
H and P phrases	H: 317
	P: 280
Toxicological data	2860 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Quinclorac is a chemical compound and a growth agent herbicide ( synthetic auxin ) introduced by BASF in 1989 .

Extraction and presentation

Quinclorac can be obtained from 7-chloro-8-methylquinoline . This is chlorinated and then reacts further with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, the chlorine on the side chain being replaced by a nitrile group. It is hydrolyzed to carboxylic acid by reaction with sulfuric acid.

use

Quinclorac works specifically against grass weeds and is mainly used against chicken millet ( Echinochloa ) in rice cultivation.

Admission

No plant protection products containing this active ingredient are permitted in the EU or Switzerland . For example, BASF sells the active ingredient on the Brazilian market.

literature

Zenon Woznica, John D. Nalewaja, Calvin G. Messersmith, Piotr Milkowski: Quinclorac Efficacy as Affected by Adjuvants and Spray Carrier Water . In: Weed Technology . tape 17 , no. 3 , July 2003, p. 582-588 , doi : 10.1614 / 0890-037X (2003) 017 [0582: QEAABA] 2.0.CO; 2 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on Quinclorac. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed December 10, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b Quinchlorac data sheet , PESTANAL at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 5, 2016 ( PDF ).
↑ Entry on 3,7-dichloroquinoline-8-carboxylic acid in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
↑ Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide Synthesis Handbook . William Andrew, 1996, ISBN 0-8155-1853-6 , pp. 592 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Quinclorac in the EU pesticide database; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on March 27, 2016.
^ Benjamin Luig, Fran Paula de Castro, Alan Tygel, Lena Luig, Simphiwe Dada, Sarah Schneider, Jan Urhahn: Hazardous pesticides. (PDF; 2.4 MB) from Bayer and BASF - a global business with double standards. Rosa Luxemburg Foundation , INKOTA network , Bischöfliches Hilfswerk Misereor , Campanha Permanente Contra os Agrotóxicos e Pela Vida, Khanyisa, April 2020, accessed on April 25, 2020 .

[roempp-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on Quinclorac. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed December 10, 2014.

[Sigma-2] Quinchlorac data sheet , PESTANAL at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 5, 2016 ( PDF ).

[CLP_100.100.457-3] Entry on 3,7-dichloroquinoline-8-carboxylic acid in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[unger-4] Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide Synthesis Handbook . William Andrew, 1996, ISBN 0-8155-1853-6 , pp. 592 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[5] General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Quinclorac in the EU pesticide database; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on March 27, 2016.

[6] Benjamin Luig, Fran Paula de Castro, Alan Tygel, Lena Luig, Simphiwe Dada, Sarah Schneider, Jan Urhahn: Hazardous pesticides. (PDF; 2.4 MB) from Bayer and BASF - a global business with double standards. Rosa Luxemburg Foundation , INKOTA network , Bischöfliches Hilfswerk Misereor , Campanha Permanente Contra os Agrotóxicos e Pela Vida, Khanyisa, April 2020, accessed on April 25, 2020 .