Whorled Mallow

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Whorled Mallow
Whorled Mallow (Malva verticillata)

Whorled Mallow ( Malva verticillata )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Mallow-like (Malvales)
Family : Mallow family (Malvaceae)
Subfamily : Malvoideae
Genre : Mallow ( Malva )
Type : Whorled Mallow
Scientific name
Malva verticillata
L.

The malva verticillata ( Malva verticillata ), even vegetables Mallow called, is a plant of the genus of mallow ( Malva ) within the family mallow (Malvaceae). It comes from East Asia and is used as a cultivated plant.

description

illustration
Foliage leaf
Underside of leaves with star hairs
blossoms
Flower, open on the right
Open flower, the stamen tube is only sparsely hairy.
Fruit, opened on the right
Partial fruits

Appearance and leaf

The whorled mallow grows as an annual or usually biennial herbaceous plant and reaches stature heights of mostly 50 to 100 (rarely up to 120) centimeters. The prostrate to ascending stems are sparsely covered with velvety star hairs.

The alternate arranged on the stem leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The 2 to 8, rarely up to 15 centimeters long petiole has a furrow at the top that is downy hairy, otherwise it is balding. The leaf blade is 3 to, usually 5 to 11 centimeters long and 2 to, usually 5 to 11 centimeters wide, kidney-shaped to round and five- or seven-lobed. The leaf lobes end rounded or pointed. The leaf edge is smooth cut notched-up, but with the variety Malva verticillata var. Crispa wavy frizzy. The top and bottom of the leaf are hairy or almost bald. The fluffy stipules, covered with star hairs, are ovate-lanceolate with a length of 3 to 5 mm and a width of 2 to 4 mm.

Flower, fruit and seeds

The flowering period extends from July to September in Central Europe and from March to November in China. Three to many flowers are clustered in the leaf axils. The flower stalks are usually 2 to 15, rarely up to 40 mm long and extend to at most twice the length of the calyx until the fruit is ripe. The hermaphrodite flower is radially symmetrical and five-fold. The rarely 3 to, usually 5 to 6 mm long, ciliate calyx ends in five thread-like, lanceolate calyx teeth. The five 5 to 8 mm long sepals are cup-shaped fused with triangular calyx teeth and are sparsely curled with star hairs. The sepals are slightly shorter or at most as long as the petals. The five whitish to reddish petals are 6 to 8 mm long, have a ragged upper end and a nail that is bald or sparsely hairy. There are many stamens, the stamens of which have grown together to form a columna. The Columna is 3 to 4 mm long and bald or has a few simple hairs ( trichomes ). There are ten to eleven stylus branches.

The split fruit is flat-spherical with a diameter of 5 to 7 mm and disintegrates into ten to twelve partial fruits. The 1 mm thick partial fruits are smooth at the bottom, the edges are rounded and wrinkled and the sides are net-like. The bald, purple-brown seeds are kidney-shaped with a diameter of about 1.5 mm.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = about 126.

ecology

There is insect pollination and self-pollination . There is spread of wind and Velcro.

Systematics and distribution

The first publication of Malva verticillata was in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 2, p. 689.

It is cultivated and has grown wild in many areas of the world.

There are at least three varieties of the species Malva verticillata :

  • Malva verticillata var. Crispa L .: It is cultivated and is wild in many areas of the world.
  • Malva verticillata var. Rafiqii Abedin : It occurs in China, Korea, northern India and Pakistan.
  • Malva verticillata L. var. Verticillata (Syn .: Malva chinensis Mill. , Non Malva sinensis Cav. , Malva mohileviensis Downar , Malva pulchella Bernhardi , Malva verticillata subsp. Chinensis (Mill.) Tzvelev , Malva verticillata var. Chinensis (Mill.) SYHu )

use

The whorled mallow is one of the earliest plant species cultivated in China and has been cultivated there for around 2500 years. The leaves and seeds are edible raw and cooked. In Tibet, the seeds are traditionally used as diuretics and laxatives.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen: Flora of Germany and neighboring countries. 91st edition. Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2000, ISBN 3-494-01291-1 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Ya Tang, Michael G. Gilbert & Laurence J. Dorr: Malvaceae Malva verticillata , p. 266, the same text online as the printed work. , In Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 12 - Hippocastanaceae through Theaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2007. ISBN 978-1- 930723-64-1
  3. ↑ Malva verticillata at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ Malva verticillata L., Whorled Mallow. In: FloraWeb.de.
  5. ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
  6. ↑ a b Malva verticillata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed May 6, 2013.
  7. ↑ Malva verticillata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  8. ↑ Malva verticillata in Plants For A Future . Retrieved May 6, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Whorled Mallow ( Malva verticillata )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files