Remigiusberg Formation

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Lithostratigraphic structure of the permocarbon of the Saar-Nahe basin, abbreviations: O. = Upper, M. = Middle, U. = Lower, Subgr. = Subgroup, Nierst.-F. = Nierstein formation

The Remigiusberg Formation is the lowest lithostratigraphic rock unit of the Rotliegend ( Permian ) of the Saar-Nahe basin in the history of the earth . It follows the Breitenbach Formation ( Oberkarbon ) and is overlaid by the Altenglan Formation . The dating is not yet fully established. According to Boy & Schindler (2000) it is still placed in the highest carbon.

Naming and conceptual history

The Remigiusberg formation is named after the Remigiusberg on the area of ​​the municipality of Haschbach am Remigiusberg in the Kusel district ( Rhineland-Palatinate ). The name was already used in 1910 by Ludwig von Ammon and Otto Maria Reis in the form "Remigiusberger stage". In 1914 the name appears in a work by Paul Kessler as "Remigiusberger layers". Karl Stapf changed it in 1990 in line with the guidelines for lithostratigraphy in the Remigiusberg formation.

Definition, Correlation and Age

The Remigiusberg Formation consists mainly of gray and red siltstones and fine sandstones in which two to three distinctive conglomerate layers are embedded. In the lower and upper part of the formation, gray fine sandstones and claystones with limestone banks predominate. The formation seldom contains thin rhyolitic tuffs and thin coal seams. The lower limit of the formation is defined in the southwest by the base of the so-called Dirminger conglomerate (also Dirmingen conglomerate). The Jungewald conglomerate has developed at the base between St. Wendel and Lemberg. The upper limit of the formation is placed where the distinctive color change between gray and red clay stones takes place. In the upper parts of the formation between St. Wendel and Kusel, the so-called Remigiusberg conglomerate (or Remigiusberg lead conglomerate) is interposed. The Remigiusberg Formation has a thickness of 60 m to 130 m, at the type locality of 80 m. In the south-west it is most powerful at 130 m, in the area of ​​the Palatinate domes only 60 m and in the north-east again 120 m. It is formally not further subdivided lithostratigraphically into subformations. In the new work by Fröbisch et al. (2011) it is divided into a lower, middle and upper Remigiusberg formation. In Rhineland-Palatinate, the formation contains the following important banks that are suitable for the regional correlation of profiles: Mahrbach-Bank, Friedelhausen-Bank, Remigiusberg-Konglomerat and Lochmühle-Tuff, Haschbach-Bank, Dirmingen-Konglomerat and Dirmingen-Tuff, Obere Theisbergstegen -Bank, Untere Theisbergstegen-Bank, Obere Pittelgraben-Bank, Untere Pittelgraben-Bank, Jungswald-Konglomerat and Gimbsbach-Bank (from top to bottom).

The middle Remigiusberg formation is described by Fröbisch et al. (2011) and Schindler (2007) still placed in the Gzhelium (uppermost Pennsylvanian or upper carbon). A tuff horizon in the lower part of the formation gave an absolute age of 300 ± 1.2 million years. According to the currently accepted International Stratigraphic Chart 2009, this corresponds to the uppermost Gzhelium level of the Upper Carboniferous (Carbon / Permian limit: 299 ± 0.8 million years).

Storage room

The Dirmingen conglomerate with its internal fining-upward sequence is interpreted as a deposit of intertwined rivers . Stapf describes the deposition area in the gray facies as lacustrine, otherwise predominantly fluvial. According to Schindler (2007), the silicicoplastics were mainly deposited as channel sediments and in small and shallow lakes.

Fossils

Overall, the Remigiusberg Formation is not exactly rich in fossils. However, the siltstones contained in layers repeatedly piled plant residues ( Callipteris ), tube worms ( Spirorbis ), ostracods (Ostracoda), mussels , crabs syncaride ( Uronectes fimbriatus ) and freshwater snails. In 2008 a complete specimen of the syncarid cancer Uronectes fimbriatus was published under very special find circumstances . Fossil remains (scales, teeth and bones) of hybodontid and xenacanthid sharks, barbed sharks , bony fish , lung fish , coelacanth and rarely amphibians have been found in the limestones . In 2011 the oldest sphenacodontid tetrapod from the middle Remigiusberg Formation was described ( Cryptovenator hirschbergeri ).

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literature

  • State Office for Geology and Mining Rhineland-Palatinate (Hrsg.): Geology of Rhineland-Palatinate. 400 p., E. Schweizerbart´sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Stuttgart 2005.
  • Manfred Menning, Reinhard Benek, Jürgen Boy, Bodo-Carlo Ehling, Frank Fischer, Birgit Gaitzsch, Reinhard Gast, Gotthard Kowalczyk, Harald Lützner, Wolfgang Reichel and Jörg W. Schneider: Das Rotliegend in the Stratigraphic Table of Germany 2002 - "Paternoster- Stratigraphy "on the decline. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 41 (1-3): 91-122, Stuttgart 2005 ISSN  0078-0421
  • Andreas Schäfer: Sedimentologically-numerically based stratigraphic standard for the permo-carbon of the Saar-Nahe basin . Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (Stratigraphie von Deutschland V - Das Oberkarbon (Pennsylvanium) in Germany), 254: 369-394, Frankfurt 2005 ISBN 3-510-61380-5
  • Thomas Schindler: Geology, stratigraphy and genesis of the permocarbonic Saar-Nahe basin. In: Thomas Schindler and Ulrich HJ Heidtke (eds.): Coal swamps, lakes and semi-deserts. Pollichia special publication, 10: 4-37, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse, 2007.
  • Karl RG Stapf: Introduction of lithostratigraphic formation names in the Rotliegend of the Saar-Nahe basin (SW Germany). Messages from Pollichia, 77: 111-124, Bad Dürkheim 1990 ISSN  0341-9665 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen A. Boy and W. Schindler: Ökostratigraphische Bioevents in the border area Stefanium / Autunium (highest carbon) of the Saar-Nahe-Basin (SW-Germany) and neighboring areas. New yearbook for geology and palaontology, treatises, 216: 89-152, Stuttgart.
  2. ↑ Ludwig von Ammon and Otto M. Reis: Explanations on the sheet Kusel of the geognostic map of the Kingdom of Bavaria 1: 100,000. 186 pp., Munich 1910.
  3. ^ Paul Kessler: Attempt to determine the time of the disturbance processes in the Saar-Nahe area. Geological-Paleontological Treatises, New Series, 13: 125-220, Jena Online at archive.org
  4. ↑ Stapf (1990: pp. 115,118)
  5. ↑ Schäfer (2005: p.)
  6. ↑ Important lithostratigraphic units in the Remigiusberg Formation. In: Website of the State Office for Geology and Mining Rhineland-Palatinate. July 6, 2012, accessed May 1, 2020 .
  7. ↑ a b Jörg Fröbisch, Rainer R. Schoch, Johannes Müller, Thomas Schindler and Dieter Schweiss: A new basal sphenacodontid synapsid from the Late Carboniferous of the Saar-Nahe Basin, Germany. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica in press, available online 16 Sep 2010 doi : 10.4202 / app.2010.0039
  8. ↑ a b Schindler (2007: p. 14)
  9. ↑ Ortwin Emrich and Thomas Schindler: New finds of freshwater snails in the Permocarbon of the Palatinate. (PDF) In: Pollichia-Kurier, 25: 33-34, 2009. Accessed May 1, 2020 .
  10. ↑ Thomas Schindler: A cancer find from the Remigiusberg formation. In: heimat-pfalz.de. Retrieved May 1, 2020 .

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