René Leriche

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
René Leriche, 1915

René Leriche (born October 12, 1879 in Roanne , † December 28, 1955 in Cassis ) was a French surgeon . He also made a name for himself as a scientist, writer and philosopher and was considered an excellent speaker and teacher. Leriche was a student of Mathieu Jaboulay (1860-1913), who made the first attempts at kidney transplantation from animals to humans and xenotransplants of thyroid tissue from sheep to humans.

A French postage stamp was issued in 1958 in honor of Leriche. The International Society of Surgery awards an award that bears his name ( The Rene Leriche Prize ). Among colleagues and students, he was considered an incorruptible observer and keen thinker. His patients described him as humble, understanding, empathetic and committed. He had a particular affection for French cuisine and wines; he also had a keen interest in art.

Life

Leriche was born on October 12, 1879 in Roanne on the Loire in central France, the son of a lawyer. In Lyon , he attended the Collège de Saint-Chamond , initially aimed at training as a priest, but then decided to become a surgeon. He then completed his medical studies in Lyon, where he also began his career. He completed his practical year in 1902, followed by his doctorate in 1906 with a thesis on gastric resection in cancer.

From 1906 to 1909 Leriche was head of the surgical clinic in Lyon ( Chef de Clinique Chirurgicale ). In 1906, 1911 and 1914 he traveled to Germany, where he sat in on university clinics, the strict organization of which he was enthusiastic about. It was his wish to later run a clinic based on the German model. In 1913 and 1921 he stayed abroad in the United States , where he received significant influences from Alexis Carrel and William Stewart Halsted . During the First World War , Leriche made clinical experiences with seriously injured people. Here he carried out neuropathological examinations of residual limb pain in amputees. After the war he worked at Saint Francois d'Assise until 1920 . After his habilitation in 1920, he became head of experimental surgery in Lyon before becoming head of clinical surgery at the University of Strasbourg in 1924 . On March 10, 1927 he became an honorary member of the Royal College of Surgeons in England. In 1931 he returned to Lyon before he received the call from Paris in 1937, where he became the first surgeon ever to become head of experimental medicine at the Collège de France . In the same year he published his work La Chirurgie de la Doleur , which appeared in three editions and has been translated into numerous languages.

In 1939, for his services in surgical science, he was awarded the Lister Medal by the Royal College of Surgeons , one of the highest honors a surgeon can receive. In the same year he gave the corresponding lecture on The Listerian Idea . During the Second World War he continued his surgical activities in Portugal before finishing his career at the American Hospital in Neuilly . In 1945 he was elected a member of the Académie des Sciences . René Leriche died on December 28, 1955 at the age of 76 in Cassis near Marseille. His funeral took place in Sainte-Foix near Lyon.

Clinical and scientific focus

Leriche was one of the pioneers in vascular surgery . The symptoms that occur when the main artery is blocked in the area where it branches off into the pelvic arteries, he described precisely, which is why this disease bears his name today: the Leriche syndrome . He was also the namesake for the Sudeck-Leriche syndrome (syn .: Sudeck's disease, reflex dystrophy, algoneurodystrophy, complex regional pain syndrome). Leriche dealt with sympathetic surgery from an early age . He was the inventor of the periarterial sympathectomy, which was also known as Leriche's operation. B. in Raynaud's disease or chronic occlusions of the celiac trunk . Before bypass surgery was introduced, this was the only treatment option for arterial occlusive disease . He published his data on this in the Journal Lyon Chirurgical , Vol. 10, 1913. Later he dealt with the surgery of vessels and bones. Publications on this were made a. 1926 ( Problemes de la physiologie normal et pathologique de l'os ; with Albert Policard , Paris) and 1933 ( L'Arteriectomie dans les arterites obliterantes ). Furthermore, he was interested in holistic medicine , an approach according to which the patient should be viewed and treated as a whole in his life context with an emphasis on subjectivity and individuality.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Leriche, René. 2005, p. 845.
  2. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter L. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 12, 2020 (French).
personal data
SURNAME Leriche, René
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French surgeon
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Roanne
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1955
Place of death Cassis