Roanne
| Roanne | ||
|---|---|---|
.svg)
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Loire | |
| Arrondissement | Roanne | |
| Canton |
Roanne-1 (main town) Roanne-2 (main town) |
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| Community association | Roannais agglomeration | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 2 ' N , 4 ° 4' E | |
| height | 257-304 m | |
| surface | 16.12 km 2 | |
| Residents | 34,366 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 2,132 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 42300 | |
| INSEE code | 42187 | |
| Website | www.mairie-roanne.fr | |
 Bridge over the Loire |
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Roanne is a French city with 34,366 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Loire department in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes about 70 kilometers northwest of Lyon .
geography
The city lies on the upper reaches of the Loire and is the end point of the parallel Canal de Roanne à Digoin (German: Roanne-Digoin Canal ). Here the Rhins flow into the Loire from the right and the Renaison and Oudan from the left .
History and economy
Because of its strategic location below a narrow part of the Loire, the place was already settled in Celtic times and belonged to the territory of the Segusiavi . The place name is derived from the Gallic Rod-Onna (flowing water), in Roman times it became Rodumna , later Rouhanne and finally Roanne . The settlement is mentioned in ancient sources by Claudius Ptolemy and the Tabula Peutingeriana . Rodumna lists the latter as a simple resting place on the road from Lugdunum (now Lyon ) via Forum Segusiavorum (now Feurs ) and Aquae Calidae (now Vichy ) to Augustonemetum (now Clermont-Ferrand ). Especially in the 1st century AD, the place was a center of the production of local ceramic goods. Roman antiquities have been found in Roanne; In 1902, during excavations at the site of today's Collège Saint-Paul, a graceful statuette of Minerva and a bronze brooch came to light. An epitaph ( CIL 13, 1649 ) was discovered on inscriptions in 1820 .
In the early Middle Ages the importance of the place decreased, of the castle from that time only the keep is preserved. It was used as a court and prison from the 16th century. Roanne remained an important court and prison location until the 19th century. A Jesuit school founded in 1610 gave the city a certain vitality. In the 18th century, the city and region were a center of yarn production in the pre-industrial manufacturing system . In 1814, the townspeople and local farmers successfully defended Roanne against the Austrian army under the leadership of Mayor François Populle. For this, the city as a whole was awarded the Cross of the Legion of Honor, which it has since featured in the city's coat of arms.
With increased shipping on the Loire and the canal opened in 1838, trade in Roanne was revived and Roanne became an important inland port. In 1833 the city was connected to one of the first railway lines . The city played a pioneering role in the industrialization of France. B. in the areas of tire production ( Michelin ) and textiles. In the wake of the First World War, the state also pushed the development of the arms industry here. The privatized company Nexter is now producing weapon systems here on a much smaller scale. Heavy industry as a whole has been in decline since the 1970s, which hit the city hard. Tourism and new technologies should stimulate the economy. For example, in 1992 the harbor was redesigned for use by pleasure boats and houseboats.
Culture
The museum named after Joseph Déchelette houses an extensive archaeological collection of artefacts from regional prehistory and early history and Roman antiquity with a focus on sepulchral culture related to the necropolis, which was used continuously from the 2nd century BC to the 3rd century AD, and the local antiquity Ceramic production from and Egyptian antiquity , collections of ceramics from the 16th to the 21st century with a focus on faience from the revolutionary era and the fine arts from the 15th to the early 20th century and an art history library . The Écomusée du Roannais presents the history of the textile industry in the region since 1850. Maison des Métiers d'Art is dedicated to maintaining and explaining the traditional handicrafts of the region.
The city theater is operated without its own ensemble , but with professional management. In addition to pieces by local professional ensembles, mainly productions from touring theaters are performed. The city administration provides rehearsal and work rooms for some professional theater and music groups.
Roanne runs a public music school together with neighboring communities . In the district of Staint-Claire, the Diapason Sociocultural Center provides rehearsal and performance opportunities for amateur groups; two additional halls are also available in other districts for such groups. Roanne has a spacious library / media center.
Roanne has hosted an annual festival for animated short films since 2010 . In addition to the multiplex cinema Le Grand Palais one exists cinema , which operates a club with state support ( Espace Renoir ).
gastronomy
Triggered by the established restaurant of the brothers Marie-Pierre and Michel Troisgros , which has been awarded the highest rating of three stars in the Michelin Guide since 1968 , the city and its surroundings have developed into a center of top gastronomy. This development was flanked by the introduction of an Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée for the wines of the region west of Roanne, the Côte Roannaise , in 1994.
Town twinning
-
Nuneaton in the UK since 1956 -
Reutlingen in Germany since 1958 and 1959 -
Guadalajara in Spain since 1980 -
Montevarchi in Italy since 1988 -
Piatra Neamț in Romania since 1992 -
Legnica in Poland since 2006
Personalities
- Jean-Baptiste Nompère de Champagny (1756–1834), statesman and naval officer
- Joseph Déchelette (1862–1914), archaeologist
- René Leriche (1879–1955), surgeon and philosopher
- Henri Fernand Dentz (1881–1945), general; in the Second World War on the side of the Vichy regime
- Victor Dupré (1884–1938), cyclist
- Pierre Étaix (1928–2016), clown and director
- Jean-Pierre Jeunet (* 1953), director
- Michel Feugère (* 1955), archaeologist and painter
- Marie-Christine Vergiat (* 1956), politician
- Jean-Luc Garnier (* 1957), cook; Awarded one star in the Michelin Guide
- Joël Pommerat (born 1963), actor, director and playwright
- Jérémie Dufour (* 1975), racing car driver
- Cédric Si Mohamed (* 1985), Algerian national football goalkeeper
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marcel Le Glay : Rodumna (Roanne) Loire, France . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
- ↑ Johann Baptist Keune : Rodumna. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume IA, 1, Stuttgart 1914, column 959.
- ↑ Roanne's history of justice and prison in French ( Memento of the original from January 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 129 kB)
- ↑ Divisions of Giat Industries ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Description of the collections of the Musée de Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie Joseph Déchelette ( Memento of the original of June 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Description of the textile museum
- ↑ Description from the regional tourism association
- ↑ Website of the Maison des Métiers d'Art ( Memento des Originals of March 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Program of the theater ( Memento of the original from March 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Report on the opening of a theater laboratory
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/Siemar42 Facebook page of the music school
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Overview of the city's cultural policy ( Memento of the original from March 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Website of the media library ( Memento of the original from March 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Website of the festival Ciné-court animé
- ^ Website of the Le Grand Palais multiplex cinema
- ^ Website of the Espace Renoir
- ↑ Le guide Hachette des vins 2010 , ISBN 9782012375147 , page 1037.
- ↑ www.reutlingen.de
- ↑ www.roanne.fr ( Memento of the original dated December 7, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Official website of the city (French)