Residence car
| Residence car | |
|---|---|
| Numbering: | 58–93 (Tw) 135–154, 255–296 (Bw) |
| Number: | 36 railcars 52 sidecars |
| Manufacturer: | Waggonfabrik Rastatt / Waggonfabrik Fuchs / Waggonfabrik Wismar / Waggonfabrik Lindner , SSW |
| Year of construction (s): | 1913-1926 |
| Retirement: | 1961-1969 |
| Axis formula : | Bo |
| Type : | Two-axle tram railcar |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over coupling: | 9,900 mm |
| Length: | 9,000 mm |
| Width: | 2,100 mm (Tw), 2,050 mm (Bw) |
| Bogie axle base: | 2,800 mm (Tw) 3,000 mm (Bw) |
| Empty mass: | 11.5 t (Tw) 7.5 t (Bw) |
| Service mass: | 15.9 t (Tw) |
| Top speed: | 30 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 2 × 39 kW |
| Power system : | 750 volts direct current |
| Power transmission: | Overhead line |
| Number of traction motors: | two |
| Drive: | DC motor |
| Brake: | Block brake, short circuit brake |
| Control: | Slip ring travel switch with crank |
| Coupling type: | Trumpet clutch |
| Seats: | 20th |
| Standing room: | 20 (Tw), 24 (Bw) |
The Residenzwagen is a historic two-axle vehicle type of the Karlsruhe tram , which was built by various wagon factories between 1913 and 1926.
With 36 multiple units and 52 sidecars, these vehicles shaped the image of the tram in what was then the royal seat of Karlsruhe until the 1960s. They were therefore given the nickname Residenzwagen . They were used until 1969.
technology
construction
The vehicles were two-axle, bidirectional vehicles with a fixed chassis. The wooden car body had the usual division into passenger compartment and boarding platforms. Inside the passenger compartment there were longitudinal benches that offered space for 20 passengers. The platforms, which were closed all around, could be entered from the outside through folding doors. The driver's cabs of the railcars were equipped with crank-operated slip ring travel switches and hand brakes. The windshield was designed in three parts, the middle window being equipped with a hand-operated windshield wiper . The cars had a lantern roof that was pulled down forwards and backwards, giving the vehicles an elegant appearance. On the front of the railcars there were lanterns to display the line number and foldable line destination signs, which were later replaced by integrated line and destination sign boxes. Trumpet couplings were used to connect the motor coach and the sidecar . The vehicles could be used alone, as two-car sets and as three-car trains.
The railcars were equipped with two peg bearing motors each with an output of 39 kW . Up to 1936/37 Lyra pantographs were used for the power supply , after that pantographs .
In the 1950s, some vehicles were given new steel structures. These vehicles were recognizable by the hinged windows in the passenger compartment. In other vehicles, only the steel platforms were replaced, while the passenger compartments kept their wooden superstructures.
Painting
The vehicles were initially painted white and yellow, with the upper area of the car body being white, the lower area yellow, and both areas being delimited by a black stripe. From the 1950s, the car bodies were completely yellow and the black stripe was replaced by a red one.
history
procurement
The opening of the new Karlsruhe main station on the southern periphery of the city made it possible to expand the tram network to include new routes to the south, south-west and west of the city from 1913, which - delayed by the First World War - could be built by 1921. As a result, an increase in the vehicle fleet was necessary. For this reason, the Karlsruhe tram procured a prototype train from Waggonfabrik Uerdingen and SSW in 1912, consisting of the two-axle railcar 57 and the two-axle trailer 114. Because of their rounded front sections, the two vehicles were given the nickname Zeppelin .
The plans were modified again for the subsequent series procurement, the rounded front section was replaced by a flat construction and the car bodies were lengthened. Due to the war, the procurement of the vehicles dragged on until 1919, a series of replicas followed in 1922 and 1925/26. The breakdown into delivery series is shown in the following table. With 36 multiple units and 52 sidecars, these vehicles shaped the image of the tram in Karlsruhe.
| dare | Construction year | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
| Railcar | ||
| 58-63 | 1913 | Waggonfabrik Fuchs / SSW |
| 64-67 | 1913 | Rastatt / SSW wagon factory |
| 68-79 | 1913 | Waggonfabrik Fuchs / SSW |
| 80-87 | 1913 | Rastatt / SSW wagon factory |
| 88-93 | 1922 | Wismar / SSW wagon factory |
| sidecar | ||
| 135–144, from 1918 275–284 | 1913 | Fox wagon factory |
| 145–154, from 1918 245–254 | 1913 | Rastatt wagon factory |
| 255-258 | 1918 | Lindner wagon factory |
| 259-264 | 1919 | Lindner wagon factory |
| 265-269 | 1916 | Rastatt wagon factory |
| 270-274 | 1917 | Fox wagon factory |
| 285-290 | 1925 | Fox wagon factory |
| 291-296 | 1926 | Wismar wagon factory |
Mission history
Since the railcars were much more motorized than the Herbrandwagen , Lindnerwagen and Nürnberger cars that had been used in Karlsruhe up to that point , they were initially preferred on the high-volume lines and only replaced there from 1929 by the Spiegelwagen . In the decades that followed, they were used on almost all tram lines in Karlsruhe.
Apart from railcar 88 and the sidecar 251, 252 and 255, which were destroyed by bombs in World War II, and the sidecar 294, which was retired in 1947, the residence cars were removed from the Karlsruhe vehicle fleet after delivery of the articulated railcars GT6-D and GT8-D between 1963 and 1969 Tram off. Some railcars served as towing cars for the railway maintenance department for a few years .
Only one vehicle, railcar 92, survived from the residence wagons. It served as a shunting railcar in the depot and was given the number 84 in 1982. It has been restored to its original appearance since 2001 and is to serve as a museum car in the future .
Conversions
- 1933–1936 conversion to pantograph.
- 1952–1957 Partial conversion to steel platform walls.
- 1952–1957 Partial conversion to a steel structure.
literature
- Manfred Koch (Ed.): Under power. History of local public transport in Karlsruhe. Badenia Verlag, Karlsruhe 2000, ISBN 3-7617-0324-4 ( publications of the Karlsruhe City Archives 20).
- Dieter Höltge: Trams and light rail vehicles in Germany. Volume 6: Bathing. EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 1999, ISBN 3-88255-337-5 .
- Modellisenbahn-Club Karlsruhe eV: Our rail vehicles. Self-published, Karlsruhe 1968.