AVG GT8-EP
| GT8-EP | |
|---|---|
 A GT8-EP as a tram in 1999
|
|
| Numbering: | 1-7, 16-21, converted GT6-EP: 8-15 |
| Number: | 13 + 8 converted GT6-EP |
| Manufacturer: | Düwag , Kiepe / BBC |
| Year of construction (s): | 1958-1969 |
| Retirement: | 1995-2004 |
| Axis formula : | B'2'2'B ' |
| Type : | Eight-axle articulated railcars |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length: | 26,985 mm |
| Width: | 2370 mm (1–15), 2400 mm (16–21) |
| Trunnion Distance: | 6000 mm, 6550 mm |
| Bogie axle base: | 1800 mm |
| Empty mass: | 30.5 t |
| Top speed: | 70 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 2 × 150 kW |
| Power system : | 750 volts direct current |
| Power transmission: | Overhead line |
| Number of traction motors: | two |
| Drive: | DC motor |
| Brake: | Resistance brake, compressed air spring brake, magnetic rail brake |
| Control: | electro-pneumatic contactor control |
| Coupling type: | BSI compact coupling |
| Seats: | 71-72 |
| Standing room: | 96-98 |
| Floor height: | 900 mm |
The 13 GT8-EP cars of the Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft (AVG) were eight-axle articulated multiple units for use on rail and tram routes. The vehicles were delivered in two series by the Düwag wagon factory between 1958 and 1969 . From 1958 to 1984 the cars ran on the Albtalbahn from Karlsruhe to Bad Herrenalb, on the Busenbach – Ittersbach line and on the Hardtbahn to Neureut as line A of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn , then for another 15 years on the Karlsruhe tram network . The abbreviation stands for " G elenk- T rubbed cars with eight axles and e lektro p neumatic contactor control".
technology
construction
In the car it was 2.37 meters (carriage 1-15) and 2.40 meters (wagon 16-21) wide Gelenktriebwagen on Jacob bogies in facility construction . In terms of their mechanical structure and shape, they largely corresponded to the articulated multiple units of the Düsseldorf tram that Düwag had built since 1956 . However, for use on the Albtalbahn, they were given the facilities for railway operations required by the railway building and operating regulations , i.e. safety driving circuit, warning whistle and wide wheel tires with a mixed tire profile, which allowed them to be used on both tram and railroad tracks.
The two axles of the first and last bogies of each car were driven by direct current motors with 120 kW (later: 150 kW) via a tandem drive. The middle bogies were not powered. The control took place via an electro-pneumatic contactor control . Multiple tractions with up to four wagons were possible, for which the wagons were equipped with BSI compact couplings . The braking equipment consisted of the electric resistance brake for service braking, a pneumatic spring-loaded brake as a parking brake and magnetic rail brakes as rapid brakes.
The shape of the all-steel car bodies corresponded to the shape of the 1950s with rounded fronts and two-part, inclined windshields based on the model of the PCC car . The automatic Düwag folding doors were air operated. The upper part of the windows was designed as vent windows tinted in yellow, the lower half was provided with blinds .
The passenger compartment was equipped with tubular steel seating in a 2 + 2 arrangement. Seats and backrests were covered with synthetic leather. In the second half of the 1970s, some cars were fitted with new fabric seats. The cars that had not yet been converted followed in the second half of the 1980s. From the end of the 1980s, the seating arrangement was changed to 2 + 1 seats per row in order to better meet the requirements of city traffic. Until the conductors ceased operations at the end of the 1960s, there was a conductor's seat in the rear of the vehicle . The driver's seat was equipped with a fixed driver's seat and a lever-operated drive switch. In the stern there was an auxiliary control stand with a crank drive switch that was covered during normal operation. Although designed as a one-way car, the vehicles could also go backwards at top speed.
Painting
Upon delivery, the vehicles were painted yellow with a dark green trim line below the windows and trim strips made of aluminum. The Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft logo was affixed to the side areas below the windows. With the introduction of side wall advertising, the logo was dropped. In the early 1970s, the aluminum moldings were removed. After the delivery of the cars 22-25 in light green and lemon yellow paint, some cars were repainted in the new color scheme. With the implementation of the wagons in Karlsruhe city traffic, the wagons were given a yellow paint job with a red decorative line analogous to the articulated multiple unit GT6-EP of the Karlsruhe transport company.
history
delivery
The Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft needed new vehicles that could run on the tracks of the Albtalbahn, which was classified as a railway, as well as on the tram tracks in Karlsruhe for use on the re-tracked Albtalbahn. Therefore, it initially procured 15 articulated multiple units based on the Düsseldorf model and had them equipped with the necessary facilities for rail operations. In the 1960s, she added six more cars to her vehicle fleet in order to be able to cover the increased demand for vehicles after the branch line to Langensteinbach had been re- tracked. The cars were delivered in two series. The electrical equipment of the car came from Kiepe Elektric and BBC .
Between the two series, eight six-axle cars as GT6-EP were manufactured under license by the Rastatt wagon factory in 1959 . The electrical equipment for the cars was also provided by Kiepe Elektric and BBC. These cars were converted to GT8 in 1961, 1964 and 1967.
| dare | Construction year | Manufacturer | Conversions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-3 | 1958 | Düwag / Kiepe | |
| 4-7 | 1958 | Düwag / BBC | |
| 8-12 | 1959 | Rastatt / BBC | Conversion from GT6 1964 (10–12), 1967 (8–9) |
| 13-15 | 1959 | Rastatt / Kiepe | Conversion from GT6 1961 |
| 16-18 | 1966 | Düwag / Kiepe | |
| 19-20 | 1967 | Düwag / Kiepe | |
| 21st | 1969 | Düwag / Kiepe |
commitment
The cars were initially used exclusively on the Albtalbahn (then line A) between Bad Herrenalb , Langensteinbach (or from 1975 Ittersbach ) and Karlsruhe city center. They operated alone as well as in double, triple and quadruple traction with the GT6-EP and the T4-EP and GT6-EP of the Karlsruhe transport company. From 1975 on, mixed tractions with the railcars 22-25 were also to be found. The use of triple and quadruple units was limited to the section between Busenbach and the Karlsruhe Albtalbahnhof, as triple and quadruple units were not permitted in the urban tram network. South of Busenbach, triple and quadruple units were usually winged, with one part each going to Bad Herrenalb and the other to Langensteinbach or Ittersbach. The railcars, designed as one-way cars, were also used in reverse on the Albtalbahn as planned, as there were not reversing loops at all intermediate end points.
With the delivery of the light rail vehicles of the type GT6-80C , the vehicles were withdrawn from Line A in 1983 and from then on operated on the Karlsruhe tram network. Their use initially concentrated primarily on the heavily used lines 1 (Durlach – Knielingen) and 2 (Durlach – Rheinstrandsiedlung). There they could also be found in double traction with the articulated multiple units of the Karlsruhe transport company.
Retirement and whereabouts
As the delivery of the low-floor wagons of the type GT6-70D / N and GT8-70D / N progressed , the need for older articulated multiple units decreased, so that from 1995 the first wagons could be taken out of service. In 1995 and 2000, four vehicles were handed over to the Timișoara tram , where they were still in use for a few years, but today they are all retired. In Karlsruhe, the last wagons were withdrawn from planned service and parked in the mid-2000s. The following table gives an overview of the whereabouts of the vehicles:
| dare | Whereabouts |
|---|---|
| 1 | Scrapped in 1995 |
| 2 | 1995 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2002 |
| 3 | Scrapped in 1995 |
| 4th | Museum car since 2000 |
| 5 | 1995 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2007 |
| 6th | 1995 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2007 |
| 7th | 1995 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2007 |
| 8th | Scrapped in 1997 |
| 9 | Scrapped in 2001 |
| 10 | 2000 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2007 |
| 11 | 2000 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2006 |
| 12 | Museum car since 2000 |
| 13 | 2000 as a test vehicle at De Dietrich |
| 14th | 2000 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2007 |
| 15th | 2000 to the Timișoara tram, where it was retired in 2007 |
| 16 | Scrapped in 2012 |
| 17th | Scrapped in 2011 |
| 18th | Scrapped in 2003 |
| 19th | Scrapped in 2011 |
| 20th | Scrapped in 2011 |
| 21st | switched off |
The two cars 4 and 12 remained in Karlsruhe as museum cars and were given their original numbers back. Car 4 was given the yellow livery with dark green trim from the 1960s. It is planned to restore the interior to its original state. Car 12, on the other hand, was painted in light green and lemon yellow and is supposed to represent the era of the late 1970s.
literature
- Klaus Bindewald: The Alb Valley Railway: History with a future. From the narrow-gauge railway to the modern light rail. regional culture publisher, Ubstadt-Weiher 1998, ISBN 3-929366-79-7 .
- Articulated multiple units 1–21 of the Albtalbahn. In: The switch boy. 5, 2006, ISSN 1860-5192 , pp. 54-59.
- Dieter Höltge: Albtalbahn and Kleinbahn Pforzheim-Ittersbach. Verlag Wolfgang Zeunert, Gifhorn 1976, ISBN 3-921237-27-0 .
- Dieter Höltge: Trams and light rail vehicles in Germany. Volume 6: Bathing. EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 1999, ISBN 3-88255-337-5 .
- Helmut Iffländer: The Alb Valley Railway . From the tourist train to the modern local transport company. Andreas-Braun-Verlag, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-925120-03-3 .
- Martin Pabst: Paperback German streetcar railcars. Volume 2: Electric multiple units 1931 - today. Franckh'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-440-05043-2 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Trams / light rail vehicles in Karlsruhe. Dieter's Tram / Bus Pages, accessed March 21, 2014 .