Richard Friedländer (businessman)
Richard Friedländer (born February 15, 1881 in Berlin ; † February 18, 1939 in Buchenwald concentration camp ) was a German Jewish merchant , stepfather of Magda Goebbels , prisoner in Buchenwald concentration camp and victim of the Shoa .
Life
Friedländer came from a well-off Jewish merchant family in Berlin. After attending primary school and a secondary school, he learned the trade of a businessman and later worked as an employee in Brussels . Here he married Auguste Behrend, divorced Ritschel in 1908, who brought her unmarried child Magda into the marriage. Friedländer adopted the girl, so that she got his name. However, Magda was not raised by her mother, but by Belgian nuns of the Order of the Ursulines of Virgo Fidelis , who gave her an "excellent Catholic, musically and foreign language education".
When Magda Friedländer married for the first time in 1921, the future husband, the industrialist Günter Quandt , demanded that she discard the Jewish name she had acquired through adoption, which did not belong to a Protestant family. Thereupon her biological father, the divorced first husband of her mother, gave her his name "Ritschel", so that nothing stood in the way of this marriage.
After the marriage was divorced again in 1929, she married the then Berlin NSDAP Gauleiter and later Reich Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels in 1931 .
Since her wedding to Quandt, Magda had avoided all contact with her former father, Richard Friedländer. He was now impoverished and had to get through life doing odd jobs as an assistant waiter . On June 15, 1938, he was deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp as part of the so-called June campaign “ Arbeitsscheu Reich ”. There he had to do hard work in the quarry , already suffering from health problems, which in connection with the catastrophic living conditions led to his death. The death certificate of the camp doctor noted the frequently used formula “myocardial degeneration in pneumonia”, which gave little information about the actual reasons. His urn was sent to the relatives in Berlin on delivery against payment of 93 Reichsmarks. She was buried in the Jewish cemetery in Berlin-Weißensee .
literature
- Peter Hartl: The deadly silence of Magda Goebbels. In: Guido Knopp: History. Secrets of the 20th Century. C. Bertelsmann, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-570-00665-4 , p. 65.
- Wolfgang Ayaß : "Asocial" in National Socialism. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-608-91704-7 .
- Stefanie Schüler-Springorum : mass admissions to concentration camps. "Arbeitsschaf Reich" campaign, November pogrom, "Thunderstorm" campaign. In: Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Distel (eds.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 1: The Organization of Terror. CH Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-52961-5 , pp. 156-164.
Web links
- The one with the black angle - article about the course of the campaign “Arbeitsscheu Reich”, February 15, 2008, by Wolfgang Ayaß
- German Historical Museum : "Arbeitsschaf Reich" campaign .
- Federal Agency for Civic Education : Background to the term "work shy"
Individual evidence
- ^ Book of the Dead - Buchenwald Concentration Camp. In: totenbuch.buchenwald.de. Retrieved July 5, 2015 .
- ↑ Magda Goebbels - Companion of Evil . In: Der Spiegel . tape 39 , September 24, 2001 ( spiegel.de [accessed July 5, 2015]).
- ↑ Christian Faludi: The "June Action" 1938. A documentation on the radicalization of the persecution of the Jews. Frankfurt am Main / New York 2013, p. 92.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Friedländer, Richard |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Jewish merchant, stepfather of Magda Goebbels |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 15, 1881 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 18, 1939 |
| Place of death | Buchenwald concentration camp |