Richard Oskar Gänzel
Richard Oskar Gänzel (born March 19, 1858 in Meißen , † June 3, 1936 in Dresden ) was a German builder . He played a key role in the expansion of the Dresden villa suburb of Königswald (Dresden- Klotzsche ).
Career
In the craft tradition of his father, he first learned the carpentry trade and later completed his training as a master builder. In 1881 he married Angelica Meta Mittelbach. The marriage resulted in three sons: Oskar Ronald Lothar (* 1882 in Kötzschenbroda ), Oskar Erwin Manfred (* 1889), Oskar Heribert Balduin (* 1894; † 1916 died in France). The eldest son Lothar also became a builder in Dresden-Pieschen after completing an apprenticeship as a carpenter.
One of the first villas built by Oskar Gänzel in 1901 and initially inhabited by himself until 1903 was Villa Ingeborg on Goethestraße 6 (then 8). Diagonally across from Villa Roland (Goethestrasse 7), he founded and ran a studio for architecture and applied arts from 1901 - just two houses down from Woldemar Kandler's architecture office (Goethestr. 3). In total, he built around 17 villas in the health resort of Klotzsche on his own account and according to his own architectural ideas. He rented or sold these villas as an independent builder, mainly to wealthy Dresden residents who could afford a life in Königswald at the time. As early as 1903, the Gänzel family moved to Dinglinger Str. 1 in Dresden. With the onset of the economic crisis at the end of the 1920s, he was forced to gradually sell all of the properties in Klotzsche in order to meet the financial demands of the construction companies.
Oskar Gänzel was a member of the “ General German Art Cooperative ”.
architecture
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The villas built in the early Art Nouveau were largely designed to be inhabited by a family and servants; the later buildings also as rental villas with several parties.
In addition to the common rooms such as the salon , dining room and master's room , the villas had extensive utility rooms for laundry and storage, for the products they produced themselves in the kitchen gardens behind the villas. All floors had toilets on each floor with a connection to the typical two-chamber pit.
Constructively, it is consistently plastered, with stucco ornaments, two-shell brick buildings with full basement, with partially load - bearing half-timbered structures on the upper floors and wooden, steep roof trusses with interlocking tile roofing and Saxon couches. Extensions such as winter gardens, balconies and entrances are single-glazed wooden structures. The facade openings have sandstone walls in relief - on the ground floor with wooden shutters ; upstairs with external wooden blinds behind lambrequins . However, the latter are mostly no longer preserved. Inside the villas, innovative reinforced concrete hollow floorboards have already been installed as ceilings and large-format gypsum block elements as partition walls. Some villas have a Dresden ditch to keep the basement dry . The heating took place in each room via tiled stoves with wood and coal.
The villas were mostly carried out by the same craftsmen who moved from one house to the next, so to speak, upon completion. This can be seen very well from the identical building materials inside and outside and their design.
From a design point of view, characteristic of Gänzel is the reference to the Swiss style such as the woodwork of the roof overhang and the curved decorative truss applications. Further characteristics are the partial hip - and drag roofs mostly on the garden side, the use of black cam ridge and ridge tiles, unlike the copper-glazed interlocking tiles (art brick Maximilian Noetzold, Dresden-Briesnitz) as well as to ground at a 45 ° angle to the Villa saloon bay window with characteristic, two-pointed, intersecting roof.
Inside, the villas had an intense color scheme, parquet and wood paneling , colored lead glazing and brass fittings . In the context of the co-designed outdoor facilities, the street-side fences in the form of clinker walls at the property boundaries or on the street corners with canting - typical for Klotzsche - should be mentioned, behind which there was usually a belvedere .
In particular, Goethestrasse and its corner properties were shaped by Gänzel. According to the preserved building files from Dresden-Klotzsche, the Villa Ingeborg, Villa Odin, Villa Elisabeth, Villa Roland, Villa Goethestrasse 10, Villa Baldur and Villa Bayreuth can be assigned to him. All of the villas built by Oskar Gänzel are now listed as historical monuments .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Saxon. Leibgrenadier Reg. 100 .: Personnel and fallen list of the Saxon. Leibgrenadier Reg. 100. Ed .: Sächs. Leibgrenadier Reg. 100. Person number 247.Saxony 1916, p. 2 ( uni-leipzig.de ).
- ↑ Family tree of the Gänzel family (private property)
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↑ local stonemason-like inscription on the enclosure at Goethestr. 6 - Sandstone
portal on the left gate column “Das Klotzscher Heideblatt” magazine Ed .: Brigitte Baetke, author: Martina Kretschko-Ulbricht, issue 77 1st quarter 2017, page 14
Volker Helas, Gudrun Pelz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden , KNOP publishing house, Dresden, p. 84 Fig. 122 Goethetsr. 6, wrongly titled with the house of the sculptor Johannes Schilling (Goethestr. 9) - ^ Phonebook 1901 Klotzsche Königswald. Retrieved April 5, 2019 .
- ↑ Annette Dubers, Siegfried Bannack: Klotzsche - From the history of a neighborhood , ISBN 978-3-937199-39-9 , page 24
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^ Directory of the participants in the telephone networks in the Upper Postal Directorate District Dresden, 1909
Oskar Gänzel on ancestry.de - ↑ Membership directory 1899 .
- ↑ Volker Helas and Gudrun Pelz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden . 1st edition. KNOP Dresden, 1999, ISBN 3-934363-00-8 , p. 84 .
- ↑ City archive of the state capital Dresden, building files of the district Klotzsche, building applicant Baumeister Gänzel
- ↑ Thematic city map - list of cultural monuments. LH Dresden, accessed on April 24, 2017 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gänzel, Richard Oskar |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German builder |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 19, 1858 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Meissen |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 3, 1936 |
| Place of death | Dresden |