Swiss style

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Swiss house in Klein-Glienicke ( Potsdam )

The Swiss style , also Swiss house style , Swiss wood style or chalet style , is an architectural direction of historicism and describes buildings in the - alleged - style of alpine farmhouses. In Austria the term “ Heimatstil ” is common, but it is used in a more comprehensive sense for all historicist architecture based on traditional building forms.

description

The Swiss style is characterized in particular by gently sloping and protruding roofs as well as by board carvings on roofs, balconies and exits in the form of board carvings. The windows look on ornate wooden consoles . The "Swiss gable", a floating gable in front of the gable, is also a typical design element.

Historical classification

This architectural style was popular from the 19th century to the Belle Epoque at the beginning of the 20th century in Germany, Austria-Hungary and Scandinavia. A real enthusiasm for Switzerland with the romantic ideal of closeness to nature had gripped all of Europe in the late 18th century. The simple life of the mountain farmer was mythologized - by thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau - and nature equated with truth. The Swiss style should represent a counter-image to the emerging industrialization .

The first Swiss houses were built as a typical staffage element in the landscape gardens and mostly served as a residence for gardeners or park rangers. Later they appeared in city locations such as Dresden . At the beginning of the 19th century, the style found its way into Switzerland itself, where it was used for villas and later preferred for train stations and hotels.

Well-known architects such as Karl Friedrich Schinkel built in the Swiss style. In 1811 he had undertaken architectural studies in the Alps on a trip and in 1829 designed a Swiss house with staff apartments for the Pfaueninsel .

The Swiss style was spread through master works. The fashion of the Swiss house ebbed at the beginning of the 20th century.

Other names for the Swiss style

The Swiss style is also known under the terms wood style, fretwork architecture, fretwork architecture, Chalet Suisse or Swiss Cottage. The term chalet also stands for an architectural style that is widespread far beyond Switzerland, but requires a facade made exclusively of wood.

Examples

Today there are many Swiss-style villas in the Dresden area , in resorts in the German low mountain range such as in the Harz Mountains , in northern Bohemia and in major southern German cities. There are also examples of villas in the Swiss chalet style in the seaside resorts such as Binz and Heringsdorf , which are characterized by spa architecture - these buildings often come from the production of the Wolgaster Holzbau corporation .

Picture galleries

Well-known architects

literature

Web links

Commons : Swiss style  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 342 .
  2. ↑ Beatrice Härig: What are ... Swiss houses? In: German Foundation for Monument Protection (Hrsg.): Monuments . 27. Vol. 5 / October 2017. German Foundation for Monument Protection, Bonn 2017, p. 58-59 .
  3. ↑ See Hans-Ulrich Bauer: Holzhäuser from Wolgast. Icons of resort architecture. Heringsdorf 2010 and 2011.