Riemenschneider crucifix (Steinach)
The Riemenschneider crucifix is located in the St. Nicholas and Catherine's Church , a monument in Steinach (no. D-6-72-112-77 in the Bavarian monument list ), a district of the Bavarian Lower Franconia nearby market Bad Bocklet in the Bad Kissingen district .
history
The crucifix was made by Tilman Riemenschneider and dates from 1516. The Steinach pastor Kolb wrote about the crucifix:
“There has been an old, inconspicuous crucifix above the triumphal arch for centuries. It was brought to Aschaffenburg to undergo a thorough cleaning; it was completely covered with dirt and old paint. During leaching, a canal closed with a cork plug was discovered in the back and a lead cube was found in it. It contained some relics and a certificate about the origin of the crucifix. "
This document, of which a copy is attached to the right choir wall, shows that the crucifix is the work of the famous Franconian master Tilman Riemenschneider .
The re-installation on the triumphal arch of the church seemed unsuitable because of the incidence of light and so it was attached to the pulpit, which was located on the right wall of the nave as seen from the choir. There were two sachets in the lead case. A thin strip of parchment with the inscription “de lingo crucis” lay on the first bag, which contained two small pieces of wood (cross particles). In the second there were several bone fragments, which were separated by a strip labeled “S. Walpurgis ”have been identified as the relic of St. Walpurga.
The document found in the crucifix shows on the one hand the year of origin 1516 and on the other hand the authorship of Riemenschneider. The latter is supported by the fact that the document bears the same handwriting as an invoice issued for the Magdalene retable in the St. Maria Magdalena Church in Münnerstadt .
According to Riemenschneider's information in the certificate, the crucifix by painter Johann Wagenknecht was given a color that was later lost. In 1903 the crucifix was given a new color.
However, a client is not named in the certificate. Presumably the crucifix was commissioned by the parish or its representatives.
Probably in the 17th or 18th century, on the one hand, the slightly raised arms of the body were brought into an almost diagonal position and, on the other hand, the feet were removed and repositioned. As part of a restoration in 1938, the crucifix was as good as possible in its original condition restored. As part of this restoration, the new color version from 1903 was removed again.
With its graceful shape and the relatively large head inclined to the right, the Riemenschneider crucifix by Steinach is more reminiscent of the Riemenschneider crucifix by Heroldsberg, made after 1485, than the crucifix in St. Peter that was made at least eight years before the Steinach crucifix -and-Paul-Kirche in Detwang .
The Steinacher crucifix is emphasized by the realistic representation of veins, tendons and costal arches as well as the expression, for example, in the sunken cheeks and the deep eye sockets.
literature
- Oskar Dünisch, Josef Wabra: Chronicle of Steinach an der Saale . Steinach 1988 (regional studies series of the Rhön working group, Saale).
- Johannes Schilling, pastor of Steinach / S .: Battle for Steinach an der Saale / S. - Contribution to local history - 5.-9.IV. 1945 . Steinach 1977 (published by Markt Steinach an der Saale)
- Helmut Schuck: Steinach - a lively village. Ortschronik, self-published, 2010.
- Georg Dehio : Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Bavaria I: Franconia: The administrative districts of Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia: BD I , Deutscher Kunstverlag Munich Berlin, 2nd, revised and supplemented edition, 1999, ISBN 3-422-03051 -4 , p. 1000
- Riemenschneider in Franconia , text by Hanswernfried Muth, updated by Iris-Kalden-Rosenfeld, Karl Robert Langewiesche Successor, Hans Köster Verlagsbuchhandlung AG, Königstein im Taunus, 1977 & 2009, ISBN 978-3-7845-1245-7 , p. 31
- Iris-Kalden-Rosenfeld: Tilman Riemenschneider and his workshop - With a catalog of the works generally accepted as the works of Riemenschneider and his workshop , Karl Robert Langewiesche successor, Hans Köster Verlagsbuchhandlung AG, Königstein im Taunus, 2015, ISBN 978-3-7845-3226 -4 , pp. 106-108
Coordinates: 50 ° 17 '8.2 " N , 10 ° 5' 57.9" E