St. Peter and Paul (Detwang)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Church of St. Peter and Paul
Gatehouse
inside view

St. Peter and Paul is an Evangelical Lutheran Romanesque church in the Detwang district of Rothenburg ob der Tauber in the Taubertal. The most important work of art in the church is the crucifixion reredos by Tilman Riemenschneider . The St. Peter and Paul Church belongs to the parish of St. Jakob in Rothenburg and, with its location on the Taubertal Cycle Path, is designated as a cycle path church.

History and architecture

The Protestant church in Detwang is located on a fortified cemetery and can be reached through a Romanesque gatehouse, whose arched portal has been a Neidkopf of the 16th / 17th century since 1908 It is walled in from the castle in Detwang in the 19th century (similar to the Stöberleinsturm in Rothenburg ob der Tauber).

The church was founded between 961 and 984, was a parish of Rothenburg until 1258 and was administered by the Teutonic Order until 1258 .

The small single-nave church has a retracted, cross-rib vaulted choir in the substructure of the square tower, a two-bay sacristy in the north corner between the tower and the nave and two Romanesque stepped portals. The tower has paired sound openings in two of the unevenly high floors, the separating columns of which are provided with cube capitals. A Romanesque window with naive decorations has been preserved in the nave, next to it a Gothic window with fish bubble tracery .

The interior is kept simple, but is given its own architectural character by three Gothic arcades that shield the choir like a rood screen. The side arcades form the cibories of the side altars.

In the vault of the choir there are paintings from the 15th century with evangelist symbols, otherwise only fragments of wall paintings. A sacrament niche probably dates from the second half of the 15th century. The barred tabernacle is flanked by a depiction of the Annunciation , above it a seated saint from the Dominican order, presumably St. Thomas Aquinas, is depicted in front of a tracery panel .

Furnishing

Crucifixion reredos

The Crucifixion altarpiece is only fragmentary preserved altarpiece that the crucifixion of Jesus represents. The origin is not documented, but it can be proven that it comes from a church in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, possibly from the (demolished) St. Michael's Chapel or from the Dominican Church. When it was re-erected, the shrine was reduced in width by 40 cm, narrowing and distorting the composition. Because of the close stylistic relationship, it is attributed to the works of Tilman Riemenschneider and his workshop. The sculptural jewelry is dated to the years 1505 and 1508 and was thus made around the same time as the Creglinger Marien-Retabel .

The crucified one is depicted in the shrine, on the left the group of complaining women with John and a group with the Pharisee on the right. Bas-reliefs depicting the Mount of Olives scene and the resurrection of Christ can be found on the wings. The gable top was supplemented in a neo-Gothic style.

  • Crucifixion reredos, general view

  • Crucifixion reredos, detail of central group of figures

  • Crucifixion reredos, detail of Christ

North side altar

Side altars

The north side altar dates from around 1480/1490 and shows three figures in the shrine: a saint who was created around 1440/1450, flanked by Saint Anthony the hermit on the left and a holy bishop on the right. In the paintings of the wings which are inside Holy Stephanus and Lawrence and outside Peter and Paul shown in the Predella the veil of Veronica .

South side altar

The southern side altar was created around 1500/1510 and shows Maria with St. Ottilie and a holy nun in the shrine . The saints Barbara and Magdalena are depicted as bas-reliefs on the wings, the Annunciation as a painting on the outside of the wings and the holy clan in the predella .

Baptismal font

Baptismal font

The font was created in 1720 by Johann Caspar Krumsich. The foot and the basin are made of painted sandstone . The lid with eight volutes is crowned with a pomegranate , the symbol of abundance of life.

organ

Schuke organ on the deep gallery built around 1650

The organ was built in 1989 by the organ builder Schuke (Berlin). The instrument has 17 stops on two manuals and a pedal . The actions are mechanical.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
Reed flute 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Coupling flute 4 ′
Flat flute 2 ′
Sesquialtera II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 1 2 ⁄ 3  ′
II breastwork C – g 3
Wood-covered 8th'
recorder 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
Fifth 1 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Zimbel III
Krummhorn 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Gemshorn 8th'
Night horn 4 ′
Rauschpfeife II
bassoon 16 ′

literature

  • Anton Ress: The art monuments of the city of Rothenburg ob der Tauber . Munich 1959, pp. 292-323
  • Karl Strobel: Festschrift for the millennium of the St. Peter and Paul Church in Detwang 968-1968. The Church of St. Peter and Paul zu Detwang, its community and its art treasures are presented in the context of their history . Self-published, Unterpfaffenhofen 1968
  • The Detwanger Altar by Tilman Riemenschneider . Contributions by Jürgen Denker, Eike u. Karin Oellermann, Ewald M. Vetter. Wiesbaden 1996.
  • Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria I. The administrative districts of Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-422-03051-4 , pp. 273-274.
  • Iris Kalden-Rosenfeld: Tilman Riemenschneider and his workshop . The Blue Books, 3rd edition 2006

Web links

Commons : Saints Peter and Paul  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tourism Association Liebliches Taubertal (Ed.): Cycle Path Churches . Brochure. 12 pages. District Office Main-Tauber-Kreis, Tauberbischofsheim, p. 6.
  2. ↑ Claudia Lichte (Ed.): Tilman Riemenschneider, works of his heyday. Regensburg 2004, p. 114
  3. ↑ Schnell, Kunstführer No. 1942, first edition 1992, St. Peter and Paul Detwang , page 4.

Coordinates: 49 ° 23 '13.3 "  N , 10 ° 9' 59.6"  E