Rifabutin

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Structural formula
Structural formula of rifabutin
General
Surname Rifabutin
Molecular formula C 46 H 62 N 4 O 11
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 72559-06-9
EC number 615-780-3
ECHA InfoCard 100.133.627
PubChem 6323490
ChemSpider 10482168
DrugBank DB00615
Wikidata Q1135705
Drug information
ATC code

J04 AB04

Drug class

Tuberculostatics

properties
Molar mass 847 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

148-156 ° C

safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Rifabutin is a drug from the group of tuberculostatics that is used, among other things, to treat tuberculosis when HIV is also present.

In 2011, rifabutin was added to the World Health Organization 's list of Essential Medicines .

Application / indication

  • Prevention of infection with Mycobacterium avium (MAC) in AIDS patients with a CD4 cell count of less than 100 per liter of blood
  • Treatment of MAC infection in AIDS patients (combination with clarithromycin , azithromycin and ethambutol )
  • Therapy of multi-resistant tuberculosis in combination with still effective agents to which the body has not yet developed resistance.

Spectrum of activity

Rifabutin acts against Mycobacterium avium intracellulare by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis . The activity is significantly higher compared to rifampicin , since rifampicin only inhibits the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase .

Approx. 20% of the M. avium intracellulare strains are resistant to rifabutin, 94% of the said bacterial strains are already resistant to rifampicin.

Rifabutin shows biological activity against Helicobacter .

Side effects

Similar to rifampicin , nausea , vomiting and an increase in liver enzymes up to hepatitis occur. Leukopenia and anemia are often seen, but also fever as side effects of the therapy.

Eosinophilia , bronchospasm and shock can be mentioned as hypersensitivity reactions . Mild to severe uveitis (reversible) occurs rather rarely . However, co-medication with clarithromycin (for M. avium intracellulare infection treatments ) or with fluconazole and derivatives can increase the risk of uveitis.

Trade names

  • Mycobutin (A, CH) (manufacturer Pfizer )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Patent WO2004005298 : Derivatives of rifabutine useful as antimicrobial agents. Published on January 15, 2004 , Applicant: Instituto Nacional de Engenharia e Technologia Industrial. ‌
  2. ↑ a b data sheet rifabutin,> 98% (HPLC), powder from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on January 11, 2013 ( PDF ).
  3. ^ A b c Wolfgang Stille, Hans-Reinhard Brodt, Andreas H. Groll, Gudrun Just-Nübling: Antibiotic Therapy . Schattauer Verlag, 2005, ISBN 3-89129-800-5 , Rifabutin , p. 255–257 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ↑ B. Dautzenberg et al .: Rifabutin in combination with clofazimine, isoniazid and ethambutol in the treatment of AIDS patients with infections due to opportunist mycobacteria . In: Tubercle . tape 72 , no. 3 , September 1991, pp. 168-175 , doi : 10.1016 / 0041-3879 (91) 90002-A .
  5. ↑ Technical information on Mykobutin®